Inqubomgomo izincwadi: definition, ukuhlukumeza izimiso nezimfuneko

Ukwephula ekusithekeni izincwadi eRussia bazowukhomba umuzi onotshwala. I kwemithetho esungulwe umthwalo sokubonisa isithakazelo ekukhetfweni ukuphila eyimfihlo izakhamuzi.

Ukuhlobana umbuzo

With ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe kanye namasu phelelisa Izindlela ezahlukene ekulalela, umsindo, ividiyo nenkanuko edlulele nezinye izinto ukubhekwa. Okwamanje, ithuba ezazihlala zikhona nokugenca amakhasi wewebhu aqukethe idatha oluyimfihlo (siqu), kuhlanganise izincwadi nabanye abantu. Ziyakwazi abezindaba olungavikelekile kanye ephepheni. Nokho, wonke umuntu unelungelo lokuba wedwa izincwadi. Non-ukuhambisana igcwele necala lobugebengu. Kwezinye izimo, umthetho inikeza ithuba lokubuyekeza ulwazi lomuntu siqu mayelana nale ndaba. Lokhu kungenzeka uma kukhona isizathu sokusola isakhamuzi ubugebengu, uma lezi idatha lingabangela ingozi yezokuphepha futhi kwezinye izimo ezifanayo. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, izincwadi kumele avalelwe. UMthethosisekelo Russian iqinisekisa izakhamuzi ubumfihlo babo.

hlinzeka lobugebengu

Criminal Code sihlinzekela art. 137-139. Basuke ivikelwe bangasephula ekhaya, ekusithekeni of izingcingo ukuxhumana / yocingo, ukuphila eyimfihlo umuntu. Lezi kwezinkambiso kuningi esifana. Nokho, sivumele isishaya-mthetho akusho hlanganani nabo isihloko olulodwa, njengoba enza division of izenzo. Isici esivamile se-ubugebengu izenzo Empeleni ukuphazamisa ku inkululeko esungulwe nguMtsetfosisekelo. Ingqikithi yokuzihlukanisa kwamangqamuzana ngokwemisebenzi yawo kuyinto ukwabiwa izakhi ngabanye ezakha ezahlukene imiklamo nokungena. Ngokwesibonelo, peeping engxoxweni yomunye, ngilalele ekusithekeni ingxoxo kothile akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi kubonise isifiso umuntu ukuqoqa ulwazi mayelana nomuntu bese uwasebenzise ukuze bazizuzise bona. Ngokuvamile, abantu eliqhutshwa ilukuluku evamile. Kule ndaba, umthetho inike kuyinsakavukela ewumngcingo eziphathelene nencazo noma ukuxhumana phakathi abadlali.

Ubumfihlo ukuxhumana, ucingo kanye nezinye izingxoxo

Ngokuvamile kuphakama umbuzo: kulokho izimo umuntu angakhuluma okukhuluma ngokuhlasela okukhulu phakathi nokuphila kwangasese lomuntu? Ngokuvamile, izakhamuzi ezokuthutha zomphakathi noma emgwaqeni, phezulu ngokwanele ukukhuluma nomuntu phezu ezihlukahlukene (kuhlanganise yangasese) imicu. Kungenzeka kulesi simo, cabanga nabantu bedlula noma eduze, izigebengu? Kulokhu, izakhamuzi ezizungezile akuzona abantu abawuhlupho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi elikhulu ekhuluma abadlali ungathathi izinyathelo zokuvikela ubumfihlo bokwaziswa. Kodwa uma, isibonelo, omi eduze umuntu ubonisa isithakazelo okungenamsoco futhi uzama ukubheka phakathi kwefoni lomunye umuntu, kuyilapho omunye elihambisana nomuntu, le ndlela yokuziphatha ngeke kube okufanelekile.

Criminal Code: Article 138

Kulesi standard sihlinzekela isibopho sezomthetho ngenxa yokwephula ekusithekeni of yocingo, leposi nokunye ukuxhumana, ukuxhumana, izingxoxo. Ngenxa yalesi icala isephulamthetho bangathola:

1. Inhlawulo kuze kufinyelele ayizinkulungwane 80. Hlikihla. noma isigwebo elilingana izimali ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
2. 360 ihora. saziso noma kuze kube unyaka owodwa lokuqondisa izigwegwe.

isihluku

Uma ubumfihlo ukuxhumana awuzange ihlonishwe kuncike esetshenziswa kule isikhundla, aze asongele:

1. Isijeziso e inani ayizinkulungwane 100-300. Hlikihla. noma akha iholo 1-2
2. Ayimpoqo umsebenzi kufika emahoreni angu-480.
3. Kufika iminyaka 4 ejele.
4. Kufika izinyanga 4. ukubopha.
5. Bokuhlukaniswa ilungelo ukuqhuba umsebenzi noma uhlobo oluthile ziyakuyikhonza iminyaka 2-5.

ukuhlaziya isenzo

ubumfihlo izincwadi kuyothathwa lokungalandeli umthetho uma owonile bazijwayeze okuqukethwe umyalezo. Ubugebengu, wasungula sihloko 138th kubhekwa njengento yokugcina. Njengoba umuntu into okhuluma ilungelo lobumfihlo Imininingwane ekhona imiyalezo etholwe izindlela ezahlukahlukene (temlomo, sokubhala phansi ephepheni, usebenzisa ucingo, ikhompyutha, njll).

Inhloso

Yena bajwayelane okuqukethwe isephulamthetho kolwazi okuxhunywana ngomunye isakhamuzi kwenye. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi alikho into efana "ukuxhumana imfihlo" kulabo abayizikhonzi ezindaweni ezidonsa isigwebo lobugebengu. Umthamo kolwazi, ubumfihlo eye ukulondolozwa, musa kuthinte kwebalingisi of isenzo.

Uhlangothi subjective

It libhekene khona ngenhloso. Lo muntu angase aphethwe nesibopho njengoba isephulamthetho ofinyelele iminyaka engu-16. Ngomoni, ukubanjwa bajwayelane okuqukethwe Imininingwane yomunye, uyaqonda ukuthi izenzo zakhe emthethweni. Nokho, liyasho lutho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ekusithekeni izincwadi liye lalondolozwa. I h. 2 Article 138 sihlinzekela isihloko ekhethekile. Ziyakwazi isisebenzi sikahulumeni ababevame ubugebengu ehhovisi labo.

izici labafanelekako

Ukuze isibopho sezomthetho ngaphansi 138th sihloko abathintekayo abantu, owenza amaziyo bayazi okuqukethwe izingxoxo zocingo, izincwadi noma ukuxhumana kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo, ngaphandle kokuba ukuthola inkantolo noma omunye amaqembu ukuba nobuhlobo efanele. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, lowo okonile ukukhonza amacala ezivamile abantu engu-16 ubudala ngokomzimba engqondweni. Lapho isenzo isikhulu osebenza isijeziso esiqatha.

Izifundo

Cabangela izibonelo ezimbalwa sihloko 138th we Criminal Code.

• Inkampani isiqashele umsebenzi ukwenza nokulawula noma samukelwe futhi idluliselwe ulwazi. Ngokuhamba umsebenzi wakhe ifakwe ebucayini akhawunti unincorporated imeyli ye-imeyili omunye wabasebenzi yenkampani, futhi ngokusho ulwazi, wayelapho, kwaba sobala ukuthi wanika izimfihlo zokuhweba ukuze izimbangi. Inkampani ithumele icala, kodwa akazange aneliseke, kusukela ukufinyelela mail unincorporated kwenziwa ngaphandle kwemvume. Kulesi simo, umthwalo, kunalokho athwale labo eyenziwa sokugqekezwa.
• Kwelinye icala, isakhamuzi umuntu eqhuma umhawu wakwazi ukuthola ukufinyelela izinhlamvu ababekhona kule-e-mail okuqondene nowayengunkosikazi umyeni wakhe wamanje, kanye ikhasi kwelinye amanethiwekhi omphakathi. Yena ngokuphindaphindiwe wathola ulwazi, okuhloswe ukukhomba isisulu. Ngenxa yalokho, isivivinyo kwabalelwa isigwebo empini, kanye isinxephezelo umonakalo zokuziphatha.

isiphetho

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngisho kufundwa umlayezo, okuhloswe ngalo komunye umuntu kuyicala, inhlawulo okumele isihloko 138th we Criminal Code. Kulokhu, akunandaba ngezinga lobuhlobo isisulu. Isihloko, esikhundleni salokho, unelungelo ukuya enkantolo futhi alethe osonile ubulungiswa.