Ingabe uyazi ukuthi yini le ntaba-mlilo enkulu kunazo zonke e-Afrika?

Intaba-mlilo - kuhle kakhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo esiyingozi futhi akuqinisekile engokwemvelo. Bheka kuqhuma wakhe - ke kusho kwalibaleka, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi kumelwe kude maphakathi izenzakalo, ngoba ihlanganisa umlotha lava namabhomu wentaba-mlilo endaweni enkulu. zemvelo okunjalo khona wonke amazwekazi. Futhi namhlanje sizobe ukukhuluma yini le ntaba-mlilo enkulu kunazo zonke e-Afrika, lokho elikumelelayo.

Ophakeme kunabo bonke, kodwa ayisekho mlilo lapha Kilimanjaro. ukuphakama kwalo imayelana 5895 amamitha. igama Swahili elisho "intaba emhlophe". Kuyinto mlilo enkulu kunazo zonke e-Afrika e Tanzania, km 300 eseningizimu yenkabazwe. Kilimanjaro yakhiwa 3 Izigaxa ehlukile, intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke - iyona Kibo (5,895 amamitha). Eyesibili isiqongo - Mawenzi (5149 m), eyesithathu - Shire (3962 m). Phezulu kukhona Kibo wentaba ubukhulu cishe 3 km, kuyilapho nokujula - 800 m.

Le ntaba-mlilo eliphakeme e-Afrika, igama lapho kakade, waqala ukuthatha ukuma iminyaka eziyizigidi ezimbalwa edlule, lapho lava baphuma zone iphutha. Mawenzi futhi Shira - isivele phezulu yokuqothulwa, kodwa Kibo asuke isimo ukuphumula nganoma isiphi isikhathi futhi phuma ngomfutho ovuselelwe. I last kuqhuma ezinkulu wayeneminyaka engamashumi 360.000 edlule, futhi idatha umsebenzi intaba-mlilo ukulotshwa ekhulwini XIX.

Kilimanjaro uye waba iphayona Johannes Rebman. Kwathi 1848, nakuba Yiqiniso, kukhulunywa lokhu intabamlilo ukuba eminyakeni eminingi ngaphambi kosuku esemthethweni ukuvulwa. Austrian Ludwig Purcheller nesiJalimane Hans Meyer lokuqala akhwela kuya Isiqongo esiphakeme of Kilimanjaro Okthoba 6, 1889.

Le ntaba-mlilo ezinkulu kunazo zonke e-Afrika ine phezu yayo iqhwa, eyabonakala khona eminyakeni eminingi edlule, ngemva Ice Age, futhi manje lemali kancane kancane. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ngokushesha iqhwa uzonyamalala futhi kukhona nhlobo.

Kilimanjaro - elihle intaba ekhuphuka okuyinto ethandwa kakhulu yizivakashi ezibuka amazwe, ngoba ikuvumela ukuba uzizwe nje 3 esishintshashintshayo zezulu. At ekuqaleni (ngowokuqala 3 km) Uyi ehlathini lemvula, emifuleni entabeni, imifula kanye nezimpophoma. Izakhamuzi kule ndawo ngempumelelo sikhule ubhanana, ikhofi, ummbila. Phakathi emqansweni kuyinto ehlane, futhi phezulu - iqhwa. Izakhiwo Kilimanjaro kukhona ukuntuleka uqalo endaweni enkulu ngesikhathi ngokwanele ongaphakeme zezinto eziphilayo endemicity ezinye izinhlobo zawo.

Le ntaba-mlilo ezinkulu kunazo zonke e-Afrika - ekahle kakhulu izivakashi. Kukhona ngisho imizila eziklanyelwe, ezinye zazo yenzelwe kuphela bephakamisa, elinye - ukwehla. Nokho, lokhu akulula njengoba kungase kubonakale. Abantu phambi ummango kufanele uzilungiselele, ngoba ezingeni ukuphakama eside kalula ukuzwa ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo, ikhanda kanye hypothermia. Kungenzeka wamaphaphu noma ubuchopho-edema. Ngokwemibiko ethile, Kilimanjaro zabulala abantu abangaphezu kuka ku Everest.

Kukhona nezintaba-mlilo eziqhumayo e-Afrika, futhi omunye onjalo ngobukhulu kuyinto Cameroon, obude ezingaphezu kuka-4 km. Yena yinhle, ngakho has a sethubeni elihle ngokushesha ukwakha ubude obungaphezulu.