Kumiswa, Indaba
Indondo "Ukuze wezokuVikela Kiev" - indondo emva kweminyaka 20
isayensi kukaStalin zomlando wakhuthazelela ngokucophelela ukuhlola esigabeni sokuqala empini ye 1941-45. Kuphela ngemuva "uyise izizwe" sokufa saqala ukubalula ukulahlekelwa esindayo incurred lapho iRed Army.
Ukugqashuka edabukisayo impi
bamba Rapid Ukraine Hitler kubhekwe umgomo obaluleke kakhulu amasu. Lokhu sekwenze kwaba lula ukuphuca eSoviet Union impahla eluhlaza nokudla imithombo ezinkulu, futhi ukhulule amabutho ukusekela amabutho phezu main - eMoscow - isiqondiso.
inhlokodolobha Ukrainian iyahlaselwa izindiza amahora okuqala kwempi, futhi ngesikhathi esifushane, iqembu elinamandla wamabutho German "South" weza Dnieper. Ukumelana yona Soviet amayunithi lempi, ezihlanganiswe South-Western Front, elaliholwa Jikelele temakhono okuyinto phikisana kube yilolu suku - MP Kirponos, nokuphathwa jikelele zamabutho yaseningizimu eyenziwa Marshal Budyonny.
WeMithethonqubo ngendondo
Kuphele kuya iminyaka engu-20 kugqashuka impi ngendondo "Ukuze wezokuVikela Kiev" yasungulwa ngo-June 21, 1961. Izazi-mlando ziye kwezimo ezikhethekile zezombusazwe. UNikita Khrushchev waba umholi omusha we party kanye nezwe, isikhathi eside ukuthi inhloko leKomiti Central we CPSU (b) ye-Ukraine, ngisho phakathi nempi ephakanyiswe kokhelo for the abahlanganyeli onilwelayo Kiev. Stalin wakhuluma ngokunamandla ngokumelene, bethi nakuba kudingeka ukusungula imiklomelo ngokuhlukile ngamunye republic Union. Kodwa into - Stalin Akazange ababheke njengezinto izenzo amabutho aseSoviet wakhona yamakhasi nobuqhawe yomlando.
Ngokusho kwale mithetho, zonke yaklonyeliswa ngendondo "Ukuze wezokuVikela Kiev" kusukela ngo-July kuya ku-September 1941 eseneminyaka e Kiev nasezindaweni ezizungezile njengengxenye amasosha avamile futhi izidlamlilo ze kazwelonke, iqhaza ekwakhiweni ezivikelweni, wasebenza amabhizinisi wezempi kuleli dolobha, baba amalungu anti-amaNazi komhlaba noma yabashokobezi ukunyakaza.
Ngu isikhundla, khona nezinye imiklomelo isimo indondo "Ukuze wezokuVikela Kiev" itholakala emva "kwaseStalingrad", "junior" ngoba kwathiwa "Ngoba Defense of eCaucasus".
Ukuze uthathe eMoscow, kumelwe sithathe Kiev
OKW, ukulalela umyalelo kaHitler, banquma ukuthi izazi-mlando eziningi lempi bavume iphutha ngokuya isu yokufuna inhlokodolobha Soviet. Bezama ngokushesha ushiye izifunda Ukraine ocebile namafutha zaseCaucasia, iqembu eningizimu waqiniswa 2 tank amabutho anamandla ngaphambilini eziqhutshwa ngokuhlanganyela neqembu wamabutho "Isikhungo" endaweni eMoscow. UHitler akwenza lokhu emva umzamo uhlulekile uthwebule dolobha Ukrainian ngokushesha, ukuvimbela esiphikisayo izenzo iRed Army kwi imizila Kiev endaweni enezivikelo eziqinile.
Qinisa eSoviet-Southwestern Front ngezithukuthuku izingxenye ukuze amaJalimane evimbe indlela eMoscow, izinga angiyekanga ngoba Stalin wayeqiniseka ukuthi amaJalimane wahlala main namaphethelo. Amandla kanye namandla okubakhona entsha tank amayunithi, ukuzama kwabo futhi Cleave kwaholela ekubeni encirclement nokubhujiswa eduze Kiev iqembu elikhulu iRed Army eholwa ubuholi Front. Ngisho sibalo esemthethweni ukulahlekelwa kuyinto eyesabekayo - abantu abangaphezu kuka-700 eziyinkulungwane.
Incazelo uhlamvu lwemali
Ifomu ukuthi ine indondo "Ukuze wezokuVikela Kiev" kuyinto ejwayelekile lezi imiklomelo: zethusi disk nge ububanzi 32 mm. block komkhuba kanye pentagonal, embozwe iribhoni omnqumo ka moire, ngemivimbo ezimbili: obomvu (4 mm) okwesibhakabhaka (2 mm).
Uhlangothi reverse kuyafana izindondo eziningi WWII - okudweba nombhalo othi: "Ukuze Motherland yethu namaSoviet" Kodwa phakathi faleristov abaqoqi sihambahamba siyindlala: indondo "Ukuze wezokuVikela Kiev", wenza ngosizo ngephutha esetshenziswa Mint isikhunta kusuka kwamanye lempi imiklomelo. On bamba yayo reverse Vienna othumele usuku - "13 April 1945". Lezi izindondo kungukuthi ukhishwa.
I obverse senziwe umculi emfushane V N. Atlantova futhi kuyinto sibalo esiqoshiwe abashokobezi abehlomile nezisebenzi, amatilosi namasosha isizinda isakhiwo woMkhandlu Ephakeme nge Dome ezihlukile ifulege phezu kwalo. Phezulu - ephakanyiswe izincwadi: "Ngenxa Defense Kiev", maphakathi phansi - inkanyezi emihlanu esiqondile ngemuva ifulege, futhi zombili ke - igatsha umfire. Avers inomngcele ngumuntu usebe convex.
Imiphumela Kiev ukuzivikela
Ulwa Ehlobo lika-1941 izifundo kanzima, okwaqala ngokubekwa umyalo yaseSoviet yokuthuthela ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. Kiev ukuzivikela yayithatha izinsuku 70 yaphela ngo-September 26, lapho impi isiphelile eduze enhlokodolobha Ukraine, kakade washiya ngesikhathi amasosha aseSoviet.
Ukunqotshwa kwe-South-Western Front, Red Army kubeka esindayo lwamasu eU.SSR: amaJalimane wavula eya eningizimu ye-Ukraine futhi ngokushesha bathunjwa Donbass kanye eCrimea, lapho uvinjiwe Sevastopol - base eyinhloko Sea Fleet. Izingxenye ezinkulu kwezomnotho - imithombo ukudla namalahle - kwalahleka, esongela amafutha akhiqiza ezifundeni eziyinhloko zase-USSR.
Kodwa feat ukumelela Kiev has nokubaluleka okungokomlando ukufeza ukunqoba ezivamile phezu wobushiqela: kokuphambukisa zamabutho ezinkulu armored we Wehrmacht yeCentral Army Iqembu kwakhulula ingcindezi inhlokodolobha kweSoviet futhi unikezwa isikhathi sokulungiselela engcono ukuvikela eMoscow.
170.000 ukhishwa
Soviet isayensi zomlando babevamile ukwakheka okuhlaziya esekelwe umbono ukuphathwa kanye kwezombusazwe abazinze ukhiye party. Lokhu zithinteka ekunqobeni eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ngokubikezela izinto ezididayo nezingathembekile ukunqotshwa ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, okuhlanganisa ukuvikela Kiev. Second neMpi Yezwe, imicimbi yayo esemqoka usukela emuva ngegama lesikhungo imiklomelo abahlanganyeli yayo - izindondo zokuzivikela futhi bamba amadolobha kanye ezifundeni.
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