"Indlala iyaqhubeka yini ubabekazi": zokuchaza etemibhalo incazelo kwansuku okuvela kuyo le nkulumo

Abanye abantu lucky nezihlobo, kwathi omunye akunjalo. Labo lucky ngokwanele ukuba kuqondwe aphorism abantu sika "sidingo anti wami." Abantu abangekho ujwayelene nobuhlobo obuhle nomndeni wakhe, futhi abaqapheli le izaga ukujula, sisuke sicabanga. Kunoma yikuphi, labo futhi abanye siye uyosingatha ucwaningo oluncane. Kulo kuzoveza inshokutsi ukubaluleka kokukhulumisana okuhle nezihlobo indlala.

UKnut Hamsun, "Indlala"

Indlala - esimweni esibi uma ulola indoda isikhathi eside ngokwanele. Ukuze zibulawa yindlala, zibangela ukuba abantu bantshontshe, futhi ngezinye izikhathi babulawe. Umuntu kudingeka sidle kathathu ngosuku, noma okungenani ubuncane izikhathi ezimbili. Ezinye ukuphatha ukudla kanye ngosuku, kodwa lokho uma izimo ukuphoqa.

Kuye kwanyatheliswa izincwadi unika izibonelo ezicacile zendlela yokuthi indlala akuyona umamncane. Okokuqala, lokhu kuyinto inoveli "Indlala" UKnut Hamsun sika. Isiphetho inoveli kusulwe ngokushesha ngekhanda, kodwa umuntu echaza workshop, ongazange kudliwa isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku, uhlale ne umfundi kuze kube phakade.

Into ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ukuthi uhlamvu Hamsun sika - intatheli. Kudingeka ukubhala ukudla, kodwa akakwazi ukudala isihloko olulodwa, ngoba lilambile. Hlanganisa izinhlamvu. Amajaqamba futhi ubuhlungu besisu liphazamisane nomsebenzi wami. Hamsun ibizwa ngokuthi "Norwegian Dostoevsky," ngoba ngokunemba ngokwengqondo emangalisayo, asemngceleni ukucophelela, ubhala ukuthi Izehlakalo hero. Indoda okukhulunywa ngayo inoveli zakudala ayeyovumelana engacabangile leso sidingo umamncane.

Charles Bukowski

UMdali inoveli kwakhe Charlz Bukovski, kakhulu, wayazi ukuthi indlala, hhayi amahlebezi, ngoba hero iningi amanoveli akhe, uHenry Chinaski, sihlala silambile, kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho wabonakala imali, bese ngokushesha ukwehlela endaweni yokucima ukoma eseduzane. Noma kunjalo, Beech (ngothando eyaziwa ngokuthi umsunguli "okwangempela ezingcolile" abangane) uveza emisebenzini zakhe ngamaqiniso amabili ezivamile: kuqala, umculi kumele kube ulambile ukudala into ongavamile; okwesibili, "isisu okugcwele izimfundiso abayizithulu". Ukuphendula kokubili agumenti zilungile, uphetha: a) Hunger akuyona ubabekazi; b) umuntu isebenza kangcono uma ozodla ingxenye kahle amazambane abilisiwe inyama noma ayi.

Sergei Dovlatov

Budebuduze ngemuva abalobi angaphandle kanye Sergei Dovlatov. Endaweni ethile e nobukhulu bakhe hhayi umxhwele kakhulu, kodwa temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba elikhazimulayo walahlekelwa isithombe intatheli elambile owayehlezi epaki, ngifuna ngokulangazela ngesikhathi ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi sintanta ichibi futhi baye bazama kanjani ukubamba kangcono nawo.

Kodwa zonke uphela kahle: hero ihlangabezana icebile oseqinile intokazi, okuyinto enakekela ukudla yayo. Uthi, "Alphonse!" Futhi yini okufanele uyenze, ethi "Indlala iyaqhubeka yini anti wami," ukukhuluma iqiniso.

By the way, Dovlatov uthi ezincwadini ukuthi le ndaba kwaba archetype yangempela futhi konke kwabuye kufana nse nalokho okuchazwe. Nokho, thina athembisa akutshele mayelana nomndeni kanye nendlala, ngakho ukubolekisa ngqo incazelo namalimi wemiphakathi.

Izihlobo nendlala

Izwi "Indlala akuyona anti wami," isikisela ukuthi umuntu emkhayeni okahle, futhi babengavumeli njalo ukondla gona, uma kunesidingo. Yini engase ishiwo indlala - nguye futhi ezinonya laqonda ihlushwe indoda, aze ngeke ukwanelisa esibelethweni yabo. Lesi sithombe omuhle kube ne, lapho leli zwi waya. Isimo kujabulisa ukuthi umuntu enezihlobo ongeke amnike kwalasha ngesizathu esithile.

Manje, uma umuntu imbozwe umoya wokuncintisana nokuhaha, bonke ubudlelwano fly esihogweni. "Umuntu uyisidalwa impisi," - uthi esikweyoku saseRoma ngokuzalwa futhi kwaba ngokuphelele kwesokudla. Ngokusobala, eRoma yasendulo yayibuswa ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu akumnandi kakhulu.

Ngamanye amazwi, siyajabula kakhulu kulabo badle, sizoyaphi. Nge ngabunye capitalism (ikakhulukazi e-Russia) abantu thile silahlekelwa ubuntu futhi abathile ngokushesha. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu benqunywa. Abantu siguqulelwa iziqhingi olwandle wokuphila, saphinde in ngokwabo. Ukubuka lifiphele ezinjalo, ngangilokhu ucabange: yini ebingenzeka uma you ngokuzuma zinyamalale kusukela ezweni obabekazi, omalume, abazali? Ngubani ozakwehlela uzulane belambile?