Uye ku Modal tento ngolimi lwesiNgisi (izibonelo)

Isenzo 'baye' isethwe kusukela izakhiwo eziningana. Isigwebo angakwazi ukuthola:

1) uthayiphe nge value of isenzo semantic "ukuba";

2) uthayiphe of isenzo elisizayo, okuyinto esetshenziswa ezikhathini iqembu Perfect;

3) futhi ekugcineni ukubukeka isenzo eyisibonelo 'kufanele'.

Manje sizoxoxa ngeminye indima eyisibonelo yayo isenzo, esizibonakalisa ngendlela elandelayo - umbhali aqaphele isidingo ezinye izinyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha futhi ngaleyo ndlela ixhumanisa isihloko nalo lonke isilandiso.

Ngo sikhathi samanje nenani elilodwa umuntu wesithathu (nkhw, njll ke) 'babe', ngokulandelana, washintsha ukuba 'has', kanti owokugcina uyoba ngo uguqulwe 'kwadingeka'.

Nokho, lesi silinganiso kungaba hhayi kuphela 'kufanele'. Kunezindlela eziningana ukuveza isidingo noma ukungabi isidingo, isibonelo, 'kumele'. Ngezansi sibheka silihlolisise kontstruktsii ezivamile, okuyinto ivamile impela ngolimi lwesiNgisi, ukuze ukwehlukanisa nabo kusukela 'kufanele'. Kwezinye izikhathi isicelo sabo zifana, futhi kwezinye, uma kungekhona iphambene, okungenani-ke ehambisanayo.

'Kumele' vs. 'Kufanele'

Lapho sifuna ukuthi kukhona umuntu izibopho ezithile ukuqaliswa isenzo, noma ukuthi kubalulekile kuyo nsuku luyingxenye ngabanye, sisebenzisa 'kumele' noma 'ukuba / kumele / kwadingeka ukuba' njengoba simokwenta ngesiNgisi limi. Example sentences:

- Kumelwe uze kusasa umhlangano / Ufanele uze emhlanganweni kusasa.

- Izitshalo kumele babe amaningi kwelanga / Izitshalo Kumele uthole isamba esikhulu elangeni.

- I ukujabulela amaqembu, ngaphandle ngenze inkulumo / ngijabulela amaqembu, kodwa kuphela nje Anginayo ukusho noma yimaphi amagama.

- Anakho ukuhamba ukuthola umsebenzi / Iyoba ukuhambisa ukuthola umsebenzi.

Ukubonakaliswa Komusa isidingo njengoba umbono isikhulumi

Kwezinye izimo, kunesidingo ukwabelana simokwenta 'kumele / kufanele' futhi 'kumele'. Uma kuziwa wena ukuveza umbono wakhe siqu ku kwezibopho uhlamvu kwabanye isenzo ukuthi kungaba kuhle kakhulu ukuba 'kumele'. Nakuba lokhu akusho ukuthi nakanjani zonke izimo ukusetshenziswa kungenziwa ihlukaniswe endaweni separative ezimbili kuphela - umuntu lapho umuntu ekholelwa ukuthi izenzo umuntu kudingeka ukuba wenze okuthile, nokwenza imibono yabo njengengxenye izimo, nokuthi lapho isimo seluvele isidingo, futhi umlobi lizwakalise nje-ke. Nokho, ngomqondo ovamile, it is siwulalela lo izimo amorphous kakhudlwana futhi variable isimiso kuvame obonakaliswe 'kufanele', kodwa ezibophayo kakhulu 'kumele'. Nokho, ubuhlobo bomuntu siqu is elisetshenziswa usebenzisa 'kumelwe', futhi neolitsetvorennye izimo - 'kufanele'.

- mina kumelwe niqaphelisise angacasuli kuye / mina kumelwe niqaphelisise angacasuli kuye.

- Kumelwe nidlele lapho phambi siya / Kufanele sidle phambi kwakho hit umgwaqo.

- Kumelwe ziyeke ukusebenza kanzima kangaka / Kufanele ziyeke ukusebenza kokugqokwa.

Isidingo isimo inikezwe

Uma konstatiruete Eqinisweni noma ulwazi kubika kungakhathaliseki ukuthi omunye umuntu ukuba athathe isinyathelo ukuba lemvelo ukusebenzisa simokwenta 'kumele / kufanele'.

- Sinenkosi ukukhokhela izindleko ngoLwesine / Sinenkosi ningasakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu kuze kube uLwesine.

- Uneziqu ukuya manje / Kwanjesi sele ukuya.

Sibonile ezibonelweni ezingenhla, umlobi uthi: "banayo ningasakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu" futhi "efuna ukuya khona," kodwa imvelo bangaphandle, hhayi umbono wombhali.

Kuyadingeka ukuba uqaphele isikhathi esisodwa - I-izenzakalo okuvela ngokwemvelo, ikakhulukazi ngokuhlanganyela tandziso okuyinto ukuveza imvamisa, ezifana 'ngokuvamile / ngokuvamile', 'ngaso sonke isikhathi / njalo, njalo,' njalo / avamile ', ibekwe, njengoba umthetho , simokwenta nge kwekusebentisa ephelele ( 'kumele / kufanele').

- mina njalo ukwenza yezitolo / mina njalo kufanele ukuyothenga.

- Wena kuvamile ukuba silinde isikhathi eside ibhasi / Ingabe ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele ngilinde isikhathi eside ukuze ibhasi.

Lapha libhekisela imisebenzi ejwayelekile, futhi ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo tandziso letinikwe lapha ngenhla kukhona kokubili isikhathi iziphambano.

ekuphikeni

Kunezindawo lapho ukusetshenziswa noma iyiphi kulezi zenzo ezimbili eyisibonelo kubalulekile. Umehluko juqu likhona, isib, in the okungekuhle. Ukwakha kuphikisa we 'kumele' futhi bathi into akufanele kwenziwe noma akumele kwenzeke, wanezela kuyizinhlayiyana 'hhayi'. Inguqulo mfushane izovela njengoba 'akufanele'.

-Ungakwazi akumelwe ukukhuluma ngezombusazwe / Awunayo ukukhuluma ngezombusazwe.

-ngeke akumelwe ukuthola ukuthi ngize lapha / Abazi ukuthi ngize lapha.

Ukwakha uyaphika usebenzisa simokwenta 'kumele / kufanele', futhi sithi umuntu akufanele abe yini ukwenza, sethula isenzo asizayo 'ukwenza' ngendlela efanele, futhi ibizwa nangokuthi ukungezwa ku kuyizinhlayiyana omubi 'hhayi'.

- Awunayo ukukhuluma ngezombusazwe / Awunayo ukukhuluma ngezombusazwe.

- Abanaso ukuthola ukuthi ngize lapha / Abanaso ukuthola ukuthi ngize lapha.

'Akumele' futhi 'akudingeki ukuba' abamukeli

Nokho, 'akufanele' futhi 'akudingeki ukuba' Angiqondile ngezinga elifanayo ukuzinikela. C 'akufanele' agxile kulokho ngomculi kumelwe uyeke isenzo esithile, kuyilapho 'akudingeki ukuba' amkhulule isidingo lesi senzo, kodwa evumela, uma uthanda, it is, nokho, kungaba awenziwanga.

Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi 'kumele' ngoba izyasneniya kudingeka noma yimaphi kwamukelekile kuphela sikhatsi sanyalo nesikhatsi esizayo. Ukuze zibonise nesidingo esikhathini esidlule, ngokuvamile ziphendukela 'kwadingeka'.

- Kwadingeka ukubamba isitimela lesithupha / Kwadingeka ukubamba isitimela ngehora lesithupha ekuseni.

- kwadingeka ukugqoka suit / kwadingeka ukugqoka suit.

imisho interrogative

Uma kuhileleke simokwenta ngesiNgisi ukuze ubuze umbuzo isibopho / neobyazatelstve, isakhiwo interrogative esakhiwe usebenzisa isenzo asizayo 'ukwenza', okuyinto usenkathini yamanje lomuntu wesithathu plural priobreaet ifomu 'enza', futhi esikhatsini lesengcile - 'benza'.

-? Kukangaki une ukuthenga likaphethiloli ngoba imoto / Kukangaki udinga ukuthenga uphethiloli ngoba imoto yakho?

-? Ingabe inaso ukuthatha isikhathi eside kangaka umyeni ulungele / Wayedinga ngempela ukuthi isikhathi esiningi ukulungisa?

-? Yini Okufanele ukwenze / Ngabe kufanele enzeni?

-? Musa kufanele kube khona ngehora / Awuzange kudingeka khona ngemva kwehora?

Isikhundla 'babe' okukhulunywa

Ngakho, imigomo lapho wenza kombhala futhi kuncike isilandiso ezihilela 'babe' kube inkomba yokuthi izinga lokuzinikela, ngeke ngokuvamile ayilungile. Ngokwesibonelo, akunakwenzeka ukuthi nale subtext lo musho olandelayo: '? Kukangaki uke ukuthenga uphethiloli / Kukangaki udinga ukuthenga ngophethiloli'

'Ingabe got' zokuxhumana lolungakahleleki

NgesiNgisi ngokwethukela, ungasebenzisa 'kumele', 'kufanele'. Ngaphansi esisemthethweni eyisibonelo tento ngesiNgisi, izibonelo:

- Usanda kuthola ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi umtshele / Tebe nje kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi umtshele.

- She sika ambona udokotela / Yena udinga udokotela.

- Uke got ukuya ngakho ngokushesha / Ingabe ukushiya kanjalo maduze?

Nakuba onjalo esikhundleni is hhayi ngokuvamile kwenziwa okokugcina, futhi benqaba 'isimo sakhe sasibe ukuba', futhi 'kwadingeka'.

- Wayefanele azi / Yena Ngazile.

- kwadingeka umboleke imali / kwadingeka umboleke imali.

Ukushintshwa ebukhoneni yesibili isenzo eyisibonelo

NgesiNgisi, awukwazi ukubeka tento ezimbili eyisibonelo ngaphakathi isilandiso olulodwa. Isenzo 'kumele' kuyinto eyisibonelo, kuyilapho simokwenta 'kumele / kufanele' - akulona iqiniso, nakuba abaningi izibonakaliso modality. tento maKristu abizwa semimodalnymi. Bona luhambisane wokufihla, okungukuthi, ekwenzeni indima esibekiwe, echaza ubuhlobo obuphakathi umlingisi isenzo, kodwa hhayi umdlalo ineluhlelo noma ungahambisani ngokuphelele nemithetho ukusetshenziswa glaogov eyisibonelo. Ngakho, uma umusho isetshenziswa omunye isenzo eyisibonelo, awukwazi ufake 'kumele', udinga ukusebenzisa kuphela 'kufanele'. kuphakama isimo esifanayo esimweni lapho udinga ukusebenzisa noma ngemva '-ing'-ifomu ukumaketha sesenzo, noma esithi esidlule, noma' to'-kwekusebentisa. Ngemva isenzo eyisibonelo liyadingeka ifomu eziyisisekelo, ngakho isibonelo, by Isifaniso, kuphela 'kufanele' like isenzo semimodalny ngolimi lwesiNgisi. Izibonelo ukudluliswa:

- Zingase kufanele ikhokhwe ngesheke / Kukhona kungenzeka ukuthi ngabo kungenzeka ukhokhe ngesheke.

- She bakhonona okuningi kokuthi uhlale Egibela / Ukhathazekile kakhulu Ukuthi wayenamadodakazi ukuhlala phesheya.

- Mina uma kwakunjalo wayemelwe zidlule London / Ngizoba ukuba angene wonke yaseLondon.

- Ayithandi ukuba zenze umsebenzi ofanayo nsuku zonke / Akazange ikakhulukazi like lokho anakho ukuze vyponyat umsebenzi esifanayo nsuku zonke.

Njengoba singabona, njengoba isenzo sokuqala eyisibonelo ingaba hhayi langempela sento eyisibonelo kanye nesenzo, egcwalisa indima ezifanele, Nokho indawo lezi zimo iyadingeka futhi.