Imbewu: isakhiwo. isakhiwo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle imbewu

Iqala ngembewu impilo izitshalo eziningi. Daisy Miniature noma esakaza maple sunflower enongiwe noma ikhabe namanzi - bonke landa lisuka imbewu encane.

Uyini imbewu

YeNzalo isitho okuzala. Ngaphezu ngokobulili ukukhiqizwa kabusha umsebenzi, kufeza zezitshalo zisakaza. Ukusabalalisa umoya noma isilwane, ke uhlanyela imbewu ziqhume bese balukhulume indawo entsha. Leli khono lenza isakhiwo imbewu izitshalo.

I Sakhiwo sangaphandle imbewu

Ngenxa yalokho yenqubo kokukhulelwa ukhiqiza imbewu, isakhiwo okwenza imisebenzi eyenziwa.

Usayizi imbewu izitshalo ezahlukene siyahluka kakhulu kusukela milimitha poppy imbewu ukuba nengxenye-imitha at Seychelles entendeni.

Ifomu imbewu futhi nhlobonhlobo, kodwa ngokuvamile kakhulu ke uyisiyingi. Ngokuvamile, imbewu emabhontjisi, isakhiwo okuyinto ejwayelekile, bayisibonelo sabantu ukutadisha kwezitho okuzala.

imbewu Ikhasi kumiswa integuments ovule. Lokhu isivikelo imbewu ukuntuleka umswakama kanye ezikwimvelo.

Ikhava zokuzivikela kungenziwa zipendwe ngemibala ehlukile. Uma ucabangela ohlangothini ngilugweda imbewu, kulula ukuba uqaphele ukucindezeleka lapho kulandelwa Isiqu imbewu. Ngaphambi kumiswa umbungu yena ngokuhlanganiswa pericarp imbewu.

I Sakhiwo sangekhatsi imbewu

Eyesibili ingxenye enkulu imbewu ngayinye - umbungu. He is eyandulela ikusasa izitshalo enamaqabunga aluhlaza, ngakho-ke yakhiwa izingcezu ezincane. Lawa ngama embryonic impande, Isiqu kanye gemmule. umbungu cotyledons egcinwe eziphelayo izakhamzimba. Yendalo nezinye isakhiwo uhlelo imbewu, lapho fetus ngaphakathi endosperm. Lena supply izakhamzimba.

imbewu ezivuthiwe kungaba isikhathi eside ukuba kube isimo ukuphumula, obanika izinzuzo phezu ezinhlamvu, okuyinto ziqhume ngokushesha ngemva yokuvuthwa nabafayo, uma akudingekile imvelo nentuthuko.

Emvelweni, it is ahlukahlukene ngempela yiyo yonke emizimbeni, kuhlanganise imbewu. Isakhiwo inquma ngezigaba zabo. Imbewu lapho izakhi ezitholakala endosperm, ngokuthi amaprotheni. Olunye uhlobo imbewu ngokuthi amaprotheni-DRM.

Ukwakheka imbewu

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi zonke izimbewu yakhiwa izinto zokwakha eziphilayo, iningi okuyinto ethatha amaprotheni zemifino noma gluten. Iningi le nto eziqukethwe izitshalo wokudla, okuyinto zenziwa ngofulawa isinkwa Bhaka.

Futhi e imbewu egcinwe isitashi amanoni carbohydrate. Amaphesenti lezi zakhi luyehluka kuye ngokuthi zezimila. Ngokwesibonelo, imbewu sunflower abacebile amafutha, okusanhlamvu kakolweni - isitashi.

Ngaphandle amaphrotheni, amafutha kanye carbohydrate kanye imbewu lunezinto wezinto ezingaphili. Kuyinto ngaphezu kwawo wonke amanzi adingwa ukuthuthukiswa esizayo zalesi sihlahla, nosawoti wamaminerali.

Kungakhathaliseki yokuthi liphansi izinga ngamunye ibaluleke ayo ekuthuthukiseni imbewu nokukhula lubaluleke.

Imbewu mono- nezitshalo dicotyledonous

Ukutholakala imbewu sici kuphela kwezintathu amaqembu athile ehlelekile zezitshalo - imbewu. Nabo baphinde zihlelwe zaba amaqembu amabili: gymnosperms futhi angiosperms. Imbewu gymnosperms AmaConifers zitholakala on esikalini Isigaxa uncoated. Ngakho-ke, kufanele lelo gama. Ngo-February, kwi iqhwa angenalutho iwe imbewu, ogama isakhiwo engabondli abakubo ukuvikelwa okungeziwe umbungu ngokumelene kwezimo ezingezinhle.

Okuningi bathambekele kakhudlwana ziqhume imbewu angiosperms. Abamele leli qembu nesikhundla evelele isikhundla sibonga izithelo ukuthi ukuvikela imbewu yabo. Isakhiwo umbungu ngamunye inikeza isivikelo kusukela umsoco abandayo kanye nele-embryo.

Izitshalo yilungu leqembu elithile atholakala kalula. Njengoba sesifunde isakhiwo imbewu monocot, ezifana kakolweni caryopsis, ungakwazi uqinisekise ukuthi unayo cotyledon eyodwa kuphela. Okunjalo bungu yisithombo imbewu ingenye ucezu.

Ehluke ahlelwe imbewu emabhontjisi. Ukwakheka kwazo ngokwama-esivamile imbewu dicots nge cotyledons ezimbili nombungu imbewu futhi ezimbili izingqimba lwegciwane. Ngaphezu isakhiwo se-embryo yoke, kunezinye izici ukucacisa iqembu izitshalo. Lolu hlobo uhlelo impande, ukuba khona cambium, isakhiwo kanye venation amaqabunga, leaf ukuma. Kodwa isakhiwo imbewu kuyinto lohulumeni.

imbewu ukuhluma

Ngokuqinisekile, yileyo naleyo ndlu igcinwe ezinezinhlamvu eziningi. Ubhontshisi, uphizi, amalentili, imbewu sunflower ngisho kakolweni - kukhona izivakashi njalo ekhishini. Kodwa kungani musa yakha amahlumela? Impendulo ilula: I-ukuhluma izimo ezithile ayadingeka. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kubo amanzi. Njengoba-ke ingena ichichima imbewu futhi kwandisa izikhathi eziningana ivolumu kanye nezakhi endosperm, igciwane chaza. Kuleli zinga, ziba uyatholakala zamangqamuzana aphilayo ayizinhlobo umbungu.

izimo Ezibalulekile Ezingafundwa ukuhluma futhi ukufinyelela i-oksijini, elangeni, izinga lokushisa elikhulu. Ngokuvamile kuba ngaphezu 0 degrees. Kodwa imbewu okusanhlamvu ebusika ngokukhethekile iphathwa abandayo, futhi izinga lokushisa negative yisimo ludingeka ekuthuthukisweni imbewu yabo.

Iqhaza imbewu ngokwemvelo futhi ukuphila komuntu

Imbewu kukhona ezibaluleke kakhulu kokubili izitshalo, izilwane kanye nabantu. Ukuze izitshalo, bayizithunywa yokuzala futhi zisakaza phezu komhlaba. Ukuba supply isitashi, fat and amaprotheni imbewu ukudla kakhulu okunomsoco ukuze izilwane nezinyoni. kunjalo futhi umkhiqizo ukudla kwabantu. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukucabanga ukuphila kwabantu ngaphandle isinkwa, abenziwe imbewu cereal noma ngaphandle amafutha yemifino kusuka imbewu sunflower nommbila. Futhi impumelelo sokuvuna esizayo kuncike izinga imbewu.

izimila eziveza imbewu kukhona athuthukile kakhulu kakhulu, eyinkimbinkimbi isakhiwo, izinqubo zokuphila, futhi anesikhundla evelele emhlabeni simila. Lesi senzakalo baye izuzwe kungenxa yokuba khona kubalulekile okuzala izitho - imbewu.