Isigodlo abaseSoviet - iphrojekthi sidle njengoba eSoviet Union

Omunye yokwakha wokuvelela kunazo yase-USSR - kungcono Palace sidle ka amaSoviet, ababezama ukwakha 30s kanye 50s. Injongo ukwakhiwa walo wawubheke zibonisa amandla nobukhulu zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni.

Qala umsebenzi

Umqondo wokwakha isakhiwo sale ezidlula kwenzeka ngo-1922 ngesikhathi Okokuqala iCongress of namaSoviet. Injongo ukwakhiwa kwakufanele abonise ubukhulu komuzi, waveta kutsi nguye maphakathi nezwe, ukudala ingoma eyodwa kusukela izakhiwo ephezulu liphumele enkabeni yedolobha. Isigodlo abaseSoviet ayizange yakhiwe, kodwa ngenxa lolu hlelo baqala ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo yasekhaya, ohlangothini olusha, okuthiwa "classicism uStalin."

1931 kwaphawulwa emikhulu namanye amazwe, inhloso okwakunzima ukuhlonza abaklami engcono kanye nomklamo walesi sakhiwo ngokwayo, okuyinto yayiyoba isikhungo kwedolobha eMoscow. Isigodlo amaSoviet Kusolwa hhayi kuphela ukwakhiwa lesikhumbuzo ophahleni izakhiwo ngobukhulu emzini, kodwa futhi imvelo zezakhiwo awo amakhulu okwakufanele akhombise nangobukhulu amandla hit umcabango abayizakhamuzi ezejwayelekile.

Ngaphezu ochwepheshe onengxenye emncintiswaneni, izigebengu nezakhamuzi nje, kanye umsebenzi abaklami ezivela kwamanye amazwe. Nokho, iningi amaphrojekthi akazange ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziphambili noma angahlangabezani amafilosofi wezwe, ngakho mncintiswano uye waqhubeka phakathi contender wangempela amaqembu amahlanu, okuhlanganisa B. M. Iofan. Phakathi neminyaka emibili yokuboshwa mncintiswano, abahlanganyeli wadala amaphrojekthi engaphezu kwengu-20. Ezenye mncintiswano amenyezelwa ngoMeyi 10, 1933, lapho i-Commission yanquma ukumenza okusalungiswa B. M. Iofana, bese usebenzisa amasu umhlabeleli kanye nezinye abaklami yephrojekthi, edonsa kwabo ukusebenza lapho kwakhiwa.

Isakhiwo kanye neMpi

1939 kwaphawula ukuqala ukwakhiwa. Ngakusasa party Congress wanquma ukuqedela ke ngo-1942, kodwa lena kwakungeyona ukuba.

Yiqiniso, umbono kwaba ezinkulu. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi e-USSR Isigodlo abaseSoviet kwakufanele ifike 420 metres ubude, ukuphakama ophahleni yayo ngaphakathi kumele kube mayelana 100 amamitha. Hall, lapho kuhlelwe ukuba ubambe session woMkhandlu Ephakeme, eziqukethwe ngokwayo (iphrojekthi), abantu 21.000, kodwa egumbini elincane kungathatha izivakashi 6000. I nomklami oyinhloko wayenganeme yokuthi isakhiwo kuyodingeka ufake isithombe Lenin, njengoba nesimo sesakhiwo esikhulu isakhiwo ngokushesha egqwalile eduze induna enkulu. Nokho, kwadingeka ayeke indlela ngaphansi ukucindezela abaxhasi.

Laqala ukwakhiwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kodwa ekuqaleni kwempi, wonke umsebenzi limiswe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abaseSoviet Isigodlo wasala engasenabo luhlaka metal. Yena waba ebanjwe izidingo embonini, ngaleso sikhathi adingeka ngokuphuthumayo kwensimbi.

Ngemva kwempi, yonke imithombo engisibekele kwakhiwa isakhiwo, ayesetshenziselwa kabusha izwe, ngakho ukwakhiwa awukaqali.

Ngemva kokufa kukaStalin, umbuso wakhe yayithonywe kakhulu egxekwa, eqinisweni, njengoba enza umsebenzi wokwakha. Ngakho-ke, Khrushchev banquma ukuqhuba umncintiswano iphrojekthi entsha and umklami. Nokho, noma yini Emncintiswaneni ezintsha nezithakazelisayo ayivezi, ngakho ukwakhiwa engakaze baqhubeka.

Kuze kube manje, kwakhiwa amaphrojekthi ezinkulu of sonke isikhathi kwaba kuphela yini isisekelo okwakhelwa kuso namuhla Nethempeli Kristu uMsindisi. Bunker ukwakha Isigodlo amaSoviet, engaphansi ethempelini, iqukethe eziningi uhamba kanye izimfihlo, kodwa ukuthola akukho lula njengoba singathanda.