Imbangi grade ukhukhamba. Ikhukhamba sembangi: izibuyekezo, izithombe

Ikhukhamba - omunye izitshalo athandwa kakhulu ezitshalwa abatshali ngabanye kanye amabhizinisi ezolimo. Lesi sitshalo sivuthwa ekuseni futhi unika ezithela ezinhle. Ngokusho ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali isithelo 95-97% amanzi, ibhalansi nokuba carotenes, amavithamini kanye micro eziningana futhi macronutrients.

Ikhukhamba kungokwalabo umndeni uhawukele futhi ezweni lethu eyaziwa kusukela ngekhulu XVI. Homeland ke uzakuthathwa ukuba ezindaweni ezinamahlathi emvula nezishisayo iChina neNdiya. Phansi zaseHimalaya, ungathola zilwane zasendle ikhukhamba izithelo ezincane esibabayo engenakudliwa ngobubi bawo. Saqala sihlakulele isiko eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane 5-6 edlule. Manje ikhukhamba kuyinto ejwayelekile. Kuboniswa izinhlobo eziningana futhi nzalo izitshalo. Omunye izinhlobo ethandwa kakhulu eRussia baba ikhukhamba esincintisana (isithombe).

Umlando nesenzakalo

Imbangi Ikhukhamba (incazelo ezihlukahlukene ngezansi) yafakwa ngo-1980, ngesikhathi zokuhlola zizalela esiteshini Crimean vir. Imbangi ukulima ngendlela yalendawo - ezifundazweni eziseningizimu ye-Russia. Kodwa kabanzi ke sihlakulelwe non-black inhlabathi zone ezolimo.

Abazalanisi baletha "esincintisana" (ikhukhamba) njengoba zivuthiwe. Ngesikhathi isitshalo uvuthwe izithelo enesisindo amagremu angaphezu kwangu-100 nge zizwakale kahle. Kusukela ukutshala emhlabathini phambi umkhiqizo wokuqala kuthatha izinyanga mayelana nengxenye, futhi ezihlukahlukene linamandla ezifweni.

Ikhukhamba sembangi: zokutshala encazelweni inhlabathi

Kuye indawo zezulu, imbewu kungenziwa itshalwe emhlabathini nangaphandle. Kodwa ukusheshisa ukukhula izithelo yokuvuthwa ezonini phakathi ifilimu Kunconywa ukuba asebenzise yokukhosela yesikhashana. Ngezinye lokushisa 20 kuya 25 kanye eyanele moistening amahlumela zokuqala ukuvela ngemuva ayihlwanyelayo izinsuku 3-5. Akunconyelwe izithombo okweqile. Emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-degree 35 yingozi amahlumela amasha, bona zivimbela ukukhula kwezitshalo.

Okubukwa balimi engcono izithelo lapho lihlala phezu trellis kuka imibhede evamile. "Imbangi" ikhukhamba uthathe kahle izimpande evundile nenhlabathi friable nge okuqukethwe humus okusezingeni eliphezulu. Lesi sitshalo anxenxa umswakama futhi lokushisa. Kunconywe ukusetshenziswa zokutshala wesifunda ngaphakathi amasentimitha 40x40.

Izinga lokukhula kanye kwesakhiwo izici

"Imbangi" (ikhukhamba) libhekisela izinhlobonhlobo yokuvuthwa zakuqala. Imbewu ezihlwanyelwe izithombo ekuqaleni kuka May, kokufika emhlabathini ekupheleni May noma ekuqaleni kuka-June. Uhlelo impande e yokukhula ethuthuka kunamanje ingxenye ebusweni. Ngosuku 10 olinganise igciwane yokuphakama kuya impande ukujula 1: 3, eneminyaka engu ezingu-20 le isilinganiso 1 ka: 2. izinsuku kuphela emva 50 we ikhukhamba phansi ilingane komhlaba, bese uqala idlule kuwo. stem Rough futhi ezinwabuzelayo welulela ubude ngokushesha. It iphela amadevu, okuyinto izimila kungaba basingatha ukwesekwa. On the stem akhiwa amahlamvu amise okwenhliziyo nge iyizingxenye ezinhlanu.

Ikhukhamba sembangi: incazelo ezihlukahlukene

Izimbali kwenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokuba luqalile ukuhluma kwezinhlobo imbewu. Izitho zokuzala dioecious: iduna (izimbali oyinyumba) nensikazi (nge esibelethweni). Izinhlobonhlobo ubhekwa monoecious, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye isitshalo efanayo ibekwe izimbali besilisa nezinhlobo zesifazane. Painting of Corolla elikhanyayo aphuzi. Izimbali akwembula ngaye 6 ezimpondweni ekuseni kule zindawo enyakatho naseningizimu, nangasogwini lolwandle - at 4-5 ekuseni. Impova iphila e amahora okuqala angu-ngemva kuvulwa Corolla. Impova wenziwa izinyosi.
Ngemva unezinsuku ezingu-12, zonke izimbali ewa futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda kwakhiwa akhiwa Zelentsy. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle, lesi sitshalo iqala ukuthela izithelo ngosuku 45th emva ukuvela.

ukunakekela izitshalo

Imbangi - ikhukhamba linesizotha kalula yizifo. Lesi sitshalo lungekho ngaphansi yizifo ngokucindezela powdery isikhutha, bacteriosis (spot webhaktheriya). Ngenxa yalokhu imiqulu esiphezulu sokuvuna aqinisekisiwe.

isitshalo Silnovetvistoe - egatsheni main ongafinyelela amamitha amabili ukuphakama. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba ufake lezi zingongolo ekhethekile phansi futhi ifakwe i isakhiwo phezulu ukuqinisekisa ukukhula iyunifomu. ngezinye izikhathi stem Young ubophele ukusekelwa mpo.

Imithetho eyisisekelo ngokunakekela ikhukhamba izinhlobo "esincintisana":

- ukuthambisa esifike ngesikhathi;
- Ukuhlakula ukhula njalo;
- ukusuthisa izithasiselo ekhethekile;
- ziba ngcono inhlabathi.

Ukhukhamba amanzi kabi ekhishwe kusuka emhlabathini futhi akwanele kwezomnotho kudle. Ngenxa yokuntula umswakama izitshalo kungaba sina zisale ngemuva ekuthuthukisweni - ukuwa off esibelethweni, izithelo ezincane akhiwa. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukunikeza uketshezi anele ukukhula efanele.

I kwaphumela inhlabathi uqweqwe ukuba kubhujiswe ngosizo ziba ngcono. Le nqubo kuqinisekisa nezelani izimpande izitshalo-mpilo ngokwanele, okuyinto okuncane kakhulu inhlabathi.

Ikhukhamba ngaphezu umoya-mpilo ne-carbon dioxide edingekayo. Lesi sitshalo sizoguqula ke nge-photosynthesis ukuze udaba eziphilayo. Abanye ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa lolu sigqoka, ikakhulukazi kuhambisana kahle umquba abavamile.

izinhlobonhlobo Nothile Kuveza

Ngesikhathi isivuno lihlala ngamunye imitha square, uma unakekelwa kahle ingatholakala 3.3 kuya 3.8 khilogremu ikhukhamba. Kunzuzo imingcele kuthinte fruiting ubude - ke ongafinyelela izinsuku ezingu-90. I iconsi elibukhali lokushisa kunciphisa inkathi kumiswa izithelo kanye isivuno banga.

izici umbungu

Imbangi Ikhukhamba izithelo kube nencazelo elandelayo. Kuyinto berry zamanga (noma ikhabe). Ingxenye kwangaphakathi siqukethe emakamelweni eziningana ugcwele imbewu. Izithelo okusaqanda-cylindrical, umbala aluhlaza usayizi esikhulu, amaqabunga uphosa lamachubu esikhulu iqukethe ezithambile spikes abamnyama. ikhukhamba avuthwa ubude lingafika ku-14 amasentimitha. Kulokhu-ke mass ngamunye ifinyelela ngomzuzu-130 amagremu. Kulula ukuqoqa, ngoba izithelo zelentsov umlenze eside 5 kuya ku-7 amasentimitha.

Abalimi bayakwazisa eliphezulu "esincintisana" palatability ikhukhamba izithelo izinhlobo fresh noma okusemathinini. Ayikho ebabayo inyama elinambitheka sashukela kanye namanzi. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu "esincintisana" yamakhukhamba eqoqwe ukubuyekezwa omuhle kakhulu.

I yokuntula of izinhlobo yamakhukhamba 'esincintisana "

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ikhukhamba Izibuyekezo Rival (photo enamathiselwe) eqoqwe ezinhle, izinhlobonhlobo unobuthakathaka. Izithelo ngokushesha phuzi lapho kusele embhedeni isikhathi eside ngemva yokuvuthwa. Ngakho isikhumba embozwe ukuqhekeka ubalekela ikhukhamba iphunga othize ngenxa imbewu inqubo kumiswa uqalise. Uma ukunakekelwa akuyona imali eyanele yamanzi okuchelelwa izitshalo, umhlonyane kungenzeka uginindela. Specific ukunambitheka ezingemnandi esiyitholayo esifundeni Isiqu futhi lihlotshaniswa ekuqongeleleni ku glucoside isikhumba kukurbitatsina. High izinga lokushisa komoya kanye Ukukhanya kwelanga baqinise lo mkhuba omubi.
Nokho, ukugcina imithetho uyabanakekela izitshalo, kungenzeka ukuba sifinyelele amazinga aphezulu isitshalo ukukhiqiza. Futhi izithelo isikhule engadini mahle pickling nasekusindiseni.