Izibani ezilawulwa nge-elekthronikhi: idiode ne-triode

Ake sikhulume ngezibani ezilawulwa ngogesi.

Kuyini isibani esilawulwa ngogesi?

Izibane ezilawulwa nge-elekhthronikhi ziyizixhobo zikagesi ezinenani elithile lama-electrode, okuvumela ukugeleza kwamandla kagesi kuqondiswe olulodwa kuphela. Igama lesibani lincike kwinani lama electrode: i-diode (ama-electrode amabili), i-triode (i-electrode emithathu), i-pentode (ama-electrode amahlanu), njll. Isetshenziselwa ubuchwepheshe bomsakazo, i-electronics, ubuchwepheshe bamandla nezinye izimboni eziningi, ngokuvamile ukulungisa i-current alternating kagesi , Futhi kuthinta imvamisa yamanje, yenza njengomtshina futhi ushintshe imibuthano kagesi. Awazi ukuthi i-diode ne-triode iyini? Ake siqale ukulungisa le gap.

I-Diode

I-diode iyisibani esilawulwa ngogesi, lapho kukhona khona ama-electrode amabili. I-diode ne-triode ye-hardware ingxenye ihluke ngokuqondile nenani lama-electrodes, khumbula lokhu. Ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zomzimba zokuqalisa ukusebenza, zihlukaniswe yizinhlobo ezinjalo (ngokulandelana, izinhlobo zonke zihlukaniswe zibe yizinombolo ezincane ze-subspecies):

1. I-Electrovacuum. Isetshenziselwe ukulungisa okwamanje. Uma i-cathode ishashisa ekushiseni okudingekayo (uma ukuphuma kwe-thermoelectric kwenzeka), i-voltage enhle isetshenziswa ku-anode. Khona-ke ingxenye yama-electrons ekhululiwe iqondiswa ku-anode futhi okwakhiwa kwamanje kudayiswa. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke ama-electron abuyela ku-cathode.

2. Ukukhishwa kwegesi. Isetshenziselwa ukukhulisa amandla amakhulu nokuqiniswa kwemigomo ephezulu. Ziyi- cathode kanye ne-anode, ebeka phakathi kwegesi le-inert noma ingxube yegesi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile.

3. Semiconductor. Amathuba okufaka izicelo ahlukene kakhulu. Amadivayisi lapho kuguqulwa khona ushintsho kagesi futhi kunezinqamula ezimbili zangaphandle. Njengendlela yokuvuselela kagesi, ukushintshwa kwe-electron-hole, othintana naye-metal-semiconductor noma ukuguqulwa kwe-hyper kuyasetshenziswa.

I-Triode

Ngokungafani ne-diode, i-triode, ngaphezu kwe-anode ne-cathode, nayo ine-electrode yokulawula, ebizwa ngokuthi igridi. Igridi phakathi kwe-anode kanye ne-cathode yenza kube lula ukulawula ibhambeka le-electron esibani, ukushintsha usayizi nobukhulu bezintambo phakathi kwegridi kanye ne-cathode. Kungenxa yalekhono lelo gridi elibizwa ngokuthi umphathi.

Igridi, ezimweni eziningi, i-wire of wire good that surrounds the cathode. Benza ku-nickel, i-molybdenum, ama-alloys abo, kanye ne-tantalum ne-tungsten. Okunciphisa amandla engaphakathi kwegridi, umsebenzi omningi i-electron kufanele uyenze ukuze uhambe ensimini. Ngezici ezithile zamandla amabi, akukho electron engayimisa inkundla yegridi, futhi okwamanje i-anode yamanje ye-triode izoba yero. I-triodes ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukukhulisa isignali uma ithola imisakazo yomsakazo.

Ukusetshenziswa okuwusizo

I-triode kanye ne-diode, i-physics yokusebenzisa kwayo, yenza kube lula ukuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwazo zonke izinto ezihlobene nogesi ngendlela efanisayo. Kunzima ukucabanga ngaphandle kwamarediyo, amathelevishini, amakhompiyutha, amakholifoni nezinye izinto eziningi. I-diode ne-triode ayisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kuphela, kodwa futhi ngama-radio amateur kanye nama-radioelectronics ezindlini zabo zokuhlola. Kunzima ukucabanga nge-PCB ehambile ezosingatha ubuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ngeke kube khona izibani ezilawulwa ngekhompyutha. Idiode ne-triode inezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zokusetshenziswa, ngakho ukutholakala kwamadivayisi amaningana angasetshenzisiwe kunoma iyiphi i-amateur yomsakazo cishe kuqinisekisiwe. Kodwa ngokusebenzisa kwabo okuwusizo, kufanele uqaphele - amadivaysi asebenzisana ne-voltage, ngisho nezincane, kepha uma ungayinaki amasu okuphepha, imiphumela iyoba okungenani engavamile.