I-Korean impi

Ngo-1945, ngemuva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II, Korea lahlukaniswa laba umsebenzi esishintshashintshayo ezimbili - eSoviet ne-US. Kwakuthinta bazitshela ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lezi zindawo munye ngaphansi kukahulumeni owodwa uhulumeni. Kodwa alizange liphumelele ngisho ngempoqo izikhali ...

Izimbangela zokungezwani

Ngokusho isivumelwano phakathi e-US nase-USSR ngamunye ingxenye Korea zohlelo uhulumeni kwamiswa. amabutho empi womabili la mazwe sebehoxisiwe ekubeni insimu, inhlonhlo ye-ukuba okhethweni 1949 ngokusekelwa eNhlangano yeziZwe yayiqhutshelwa eningizimu, imiphumela esahlanganisa amandla kwesokudla-wing amabutho. Enyakatho ekuphathweni Soviet idluliselwe ukulawula izwe kwesokunxele uhulumeni.

Minyaka yonke, isimo enhlonhlweni siphakamisele ngaphezulu: kokubili ohulumeni abangu ehlelekile ukuba impi, okuzokwenza yehle emlandweni ngokuthi iMpi yaseKorea. Izizathu kwakusobala: amaKhomanisi enyakatho, futhi kwesokudla-wing amabutho eningizimu wayengafuni ukunikeza abanye amandla ngamunye. I imithethosisekelo kokubili izingxenye Korea libonisa ngokucacile ukuthi umgomo uhulumeni sika ukusakaza igunya kuyo yonke le nhlonhlo. North-Korean uhulumeni ucele ukuba kube usizo Stalin, ukushaya ukwethula amabutho aseSoviet angena Korea. Kodwa umholi laseSoviet ekujaheni ukuya ukuhlangabezana, okusikisela ukuthi eU.SSR kwakuhilela ukungqubuzana kuzoholela ukungenela-United States, futhi ekugcineni wayivumela ukuba impi yenuzi. Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi uhulumeni North-Korean ongawamukeli Soviet usizo lwebutho.

Ngasekuqaleni kuka-1950 ngokusekelwa North Korea China, eU.SSR wakwazi ukwakha namandla alo ezempi. Uhulumeni waseSoviet bavuma ukuthatha ingxenye amasosha aseSoviet ngo-impi yokulwa South Korea. Ukuzimisela umbimbi unezela ukuthi ukuhola American ngoJanuwari 1950 evezwe kwenkululeko izithakazelo zabo ePacific. Kusukela isitatimende esenziwe Wezangaphandle e-United uDean Acheson, kulandele ukuthi of Korea ezonini izintshisekelo American akufakwanga, okusho ukuthi abantu baseMelika kuleli Ukungqubuzana uyeza akunakwenzeka ukuba angenele.

Ingxabano iqala

Juni 25, 1950 135,000th ibutho of North Korea wawela umngcele nomakhelwane wayo oseningizimu. Njengoba Nempi YaseKorea. ibutho South Korean lalisendaweni ephakeme inombolo (amadoda 150,000), kodwa phansi kunabaphostoli zingakuqeda yini ukuhlonyiswa ngezikhali: Ngokungafani AbaseNyakatho Korea, abaphikisi babo cishe azange abe izimoto armored futhi izindiza. Juni 28 Ibutho North-Korean yahlasela leSouth Korean Seoul. Kodwa izibalo ku umbani impi asizange sigcwaliseke. uhulumeni waseNingizimu Korea wakwazi ukuphunyuka, kanye labantu, ebalwa ukuba bavukele amaKhomanisi, bekuhamba kancane ukubasekela. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, phakathi no-August, ibutho North-Korean matasa kakhulu insimu ka-South Korea.

Ukubheduka kweMpi YaseKorea waqala ekuphathweni US bengalindele ephelele. Kwesonto ngaphambi kokuqala ingxabano aziwayo kakade Dean Acheson ngokuqiniseka kubikwe Congress ukuthi impi akunakwenzeka ukuba uqale. Manje, amaMelika Kwakufanele ngithathe izinyathelo ngokushesha. Webutho ukuthi amabutho ase-Japan Douglas MacArthur wayalelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iNingizimu Korea izinhlamvu ezempi kanye nezikhali. Nempi YaseKorea ophoqelelwe amaMelika emsebenzini futhi ehamba phambili zamanxusa. Kakade 25 June 1950 -UN Security Council lathatha isinqumo ngalolu daba. Ngenxa yalokho insiza South Korea alizanga kuphela baseMelika, kodwa futhi nezinye amabutho amandla Western, owalwa ngaphansi Aegis we-UN.

Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu ukwesekwa, ekuqaleni Nempi YaseKorea akazange ulethe impumelelo eNingizimu Korea amabutho e-UN. Uma babekwazi ukumisa ngaphambi isitha 20 Agasti. Maphakathi no-September, South baseKorea amasosha UN counterattacked. Manje izingalo zabo kwaba kanye zezindiza, futhi ezigqulweni, amakhulu amaningana amathangi. amabutho North-Korean abakwazanga ukuba simelane nawo, waqala ashona. Ngokushesha, inhloko-dolobha yase-North Korea , Pyongyang lase lithengwe we oMfelandawonye. Kwakubonakala sengathi impi sekuzophela.

Kusukela ukungqubuzana ukuxoxisana

Kodwa ukusiza ibutho North-Korean cishe wahlula, weza China ne-USSR. 270,000th ibutho Chinese, okuyinto kubhekwa ngokusemthethweni ukuba Yabantu Amavolontiya, wawela umngcele ka 25 October. ISoviet Union basekela emoyeni ngenxa MIG-15. amabutho Chinese saqala ukufiphaza amabutho e-UN eningizimu. Januwari 4, 1951 Seoul wayeseGibithe ezandleni North-Korean ibutho kanye China. Kodwa AbaseNyakatho Korea ukuhlanganisa impumelelo yayo kodwa wahluleka.

Maphakathi empini 1951, njengoba besho, "hung". Zombili izinhlangothi elahlekile lenqwaba amasosha, kodwa phambili enkulu ingafinyeleleki. Ngo-July 1951, abaphikisi ukuba etafuleni yezingxoxo. Kodwa ngisho phakathi nezingxoxo akazange ukuyeka ukulwa. Izinkundla ukuthi washesha ekupheleni Nempi YaseKorea, ukufa Stalin Mashi 1953 bese ilungu Politburo babe esivuna siphetfo ingxabano. Inqubo of the ukubuya iziboshwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa isivumelwano sokuthula. Julayi 27, 1953 sivumelwano ceasefire sasayinwa. Nokho, abameleli South Korea ngenqaba ukusayina, futhi UN uye abeke isignesha yakhe ukuba umkhuzi we-US amabutho, Jikelele Clark. Umkhawulo waya lapho kumephu sihamba parallel 38th. Kodwa inkontileka, impi yokugcina, amaqembu baye aluphelanga okwamanje.