Isikhathi sokucabanga: izici zomshini womzimba oqinile

Umzuzu wokumama ukhuluma ngemithetho eyisisekelo, eyisisekelo yemvelo. Ihlobene ngokuqondile nemikhawulo ye-symmetry yesikhala sezwe lomzimba esiphila kuyo sonke. Ngenxa yomthetho wokulondeka kwawo, umzuzu wesikhuthazo ubeka imithetho yemvelo yokuhamba kwezinto ezibonakalayo endaweni esivamile kithi. Leli nani libhekene nenani lokuhumusha noma ukujikeleza.

Isikhathi se-pulse, esibizwa nangokuthi "kinetic", "angular" nethi "orbital", isici esibalulekile, kuye ngokuthi ubuningi bomzimba obonakalayo, izici zokusatshalaliswa kwazo ezihlobene ne-imagination axis of revolution kanye nesivinini sokunyakaza. Lapha kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi ekushintsheni kwemishini kunesichazamazwi esibanzi. Ngisho nokunyakaza okuqhubekayo okwedlula enye iphuzu eliqamba amanga emkhathini kungacatshangelwa ukujikeleza, kuthathe njengengxube yokucabanga.

Isikhathi se-pulse kanye nemithetho yokulondolozwa kwayo kwakhiwa uRene Descartes njengoba kusetshenziselwa uhlelo lokuhumusha lwezinto ezibonakalayo. Yiqiniso, akazange akhulume ukulondolozwa kwesimo sokujikeleza . Ngemva kwekhulu leminyaka, uLeonard Euler, kanye nomunye ososayensi wesayensi waseSwitzerland, isazi sezinkanyezi kanye nesazi sezibalo uDaniel Bernoulli, lapho befunda ukujikeleza kwesistimu yezinto ezizungeze i-axis ehleliwe, baphetha ngokuthi lo mthetho usebenza ngaloluhlobo lokuhamba endaweni.

Izifundo ezengeziwe ziqinisekisile ngokugcwele ukuthi, lapho kungekho khona umphumela wangaphandle, isamba somkhiqizo wamanothi onke ngokuhamba okuphelele kwesistimu futhi ibanga eliphakathi nendawo yokujikeleza alisashintshi. Kamuva, ososayensi waseFrance uPatrick Darcy, la magama agcizelelwe ezindaweni ezikhishwe yizicucu ze-radius zezinhlayiya zakuqala ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lokhu kwenzeke ukuthi kulandiswe isikhathi somqondo wezinto ezibonakalayo kuma-postulates athile eyaziwa ngama-mechanics asezulwini futhi, ikakhulukazi, isikhundla esiphakeme kakhulu mayelana nokunyakaza kwamaplanethi kaJohannes Kepler.

I-angular momentum of solid is the variable variable yesithathu, lapho izinhlinzeko zomthetho oyisisekelo ukulondolozwa ziyasebenza. Lithi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlobo luni kanye nohlobo lokunyakaza ngokungabikho kwethonya langaphandle, lesi silinganiso esimisweni sezinto ezikude sizohlale singaguquki. Lesi sikhombisi esingokomzimba singenza noma yiziphi izinguquko kuphela uma kunesikhathi esingezona se-force esisebenza.

Kule mithetho kulandela nokuthi uma uM = 0, noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa emkhakheni phakathi komzimba (uhlelo lwamaphuzu okubonakalayo) kanye ne-axis ejikelezayo yokujikeleza kuzokwenza ukuthi kukhuliswe noma kunciphise ngesivinini sokujikeleza kwawo phakathi nendawo. Isibonelo, i-gymnast eyenza i-somersault ukuze ikhiqize izinguquko eziningana emoyeni, kuqala iguqa umzimba wayo ibe yi-tangle. Futhi i-ballerinas noma i-skaters ye-skaters, ifaka ama-pirouettes, iphakamisa izandla zayo ezinhlangothini, uma ifuna ukunciphisa ukunyakaza, futhi, ngokuphambene, icindezele emzimbeni uma izama ukushayela ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, emidlalweni nasemasikweni imithetho eyisisekelo yemvelo isetshenziswa.