Ukuguquka kokuphathwa

Ibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe, naphezu komlando walo omude kakhulu, lathola ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okukhulu futhi okunamandla kakhulu. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwakunezinyathelo eziyinhloko eziyinhloko, okunye okukhona ukuguquka kokuphathwa. Ukwakhiwa kwesayensi yokuphathwa kwebhizinisi kuye kwathonywa ngokomlando yizici zezenhlalo nezomnotho ekuphatheni komkhiqizo wezenhlalo. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kumongo womlando kwaqala ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa kwenhloko. Isikhathi Sokuguqulwa Nezikhanyiso EYurophu sanikele ekuthuthukisweni kwezimo zamasiko nezombusazwe ekuthuthukiseni imboni. Kule nkathi, kunezinqubo zamazwe aphakathi okuvikela abameleli bomphakathi njengabahwebi, abadwebi nabathengisi. Impumelelo esekelwe emsebenzini onzima, eqondwa njengendlela yokusebenza kwemali eyinhloko, kanye nokuhwebelana ngokulinganayo kwakwenziwe njengendawo yokuzalisa imali ebusayo.

Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwazuza ukuphenduka okusha ngesikhathi sokuqala kwemboni yezimboni, okwavula ukukhiqizwa okukhulu, okwakungena esikhundleni sezinto ezincane ezenziwe ngezandla. Ukuhweba okukhona nakho kwalungisa ingqalasizinda ethile yezomnotho: izindawo zokugcina impahla, imigwaqo, ezezimali, ezokuthutha. Le ngqalasizinda yakwazi ukuhlanganisa amazwe ahlukene, ukudala imakethe eyodwa yezimpahla. Imali yezezimali yaba yinkimbinkimbi, futhi yaqala ukucinga izindawo ezihlukahlukene zesicelo sakhe futhi yabathola ekuthuthukisweni okujulile kwembonini. Amabhizinisi amasha angama-capitalist azwa isidingo sokusebenza, futhi akwazi ukuthola lokhu ngenxa yokuwa komnotho we-feudal. Amabhizinisi ase-Capitalist namafemu okwesikhathi eside ayengenomncintiswano ophucukile. Ukuxhashazwa kwezingane ezishibhile nabasebenzi besifazane, umzabalazo onzima wokuncintisana ukuze "basinde", ukuphanga kwamakoloni nokuhlukunyezwa okungenangqondo kwazo zonke izimakethe ezintsha kuyizinto "zobukhulu bezimali" obukhona kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.

Isimo samanje samanje asihambisani nokuthuthukiswa okujulile kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ngakho-ke izitayela ezintsha zaqala ukuvela. Amandla wabanye osomabhizinisi ahamba ekuthuthukiseni okudala kanye nokwakhiwa kobuchwepheshe bamuva bemboni yezimboni, inhlangano yokukhiqiza okuphumelelayo, ngenhloso yokuhlala niche emakethe. Ukuguqulwa kwezimboni, ekugcineni, kwaqinisekisa ukuguqulwa kokuhlanganiswa nokuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo sokukhiqizwa kokukhiqiza okukhulu. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kulo mzuzu kubonakala ngokuphawulekayo, ngoba umgomo oyinhloko wamafemu amaningi ngaleso sikhathi kwaba ukukhula komnotho okuphawulekayo. Inzuzo yanikezwa ngokusetshenziswa kwemishini nokwandiswa kokukhiqiza, ukwandisa ukukhishwa kwemikhiqizo ejwayelekile, ukunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. Ngaleso sikhathi, labo abakhiqizi abahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ejwayelekile ngentengo ephansi. Ngalolu daba, ukunakekelwa kosomabhizinisi kanye nabaphathi babo kugxile ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo wokukhiqiza. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ubudlelwane obuphakathi kwezwe nebhizinisi ngaleso sikhathi. Umkhakha wezamabhizinisi wawuhlukile, ukuhlalisana kwabantu kanye nezombangazwe. Ukuvikelwa kwezomnotho kanye nenqubomgomo yentela yiyo yonke ibhizinisi elidingekayo kusuka kumbuso walo. Inkathi yokukhiqiza okuningi, njengoba wonke umuntu uyazi, iphelile enkingeni ejulile yokukhuphuka ngokweqile.

Izindlela zokukhiqiza ezedlule zazingqubuzana ngokugcwele nezidingo ezintsha zabathengi. Ngakho-ke, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kudinga ukuguqulwa kwezimiso ezivela emnothweni wokukhiqiza emnothweni wemakethe. Izindleko zokunciphisa izindleko kwamabhizinisi zaziphelile ngokuphelele. Impumelelo yenkampani yaxhomeke kakhulu ezimweni zangaphandle. Imisebenzi yokuphatha ayifuni ukunqoba izimakethe zokuthengisa, kodwa ukudala ezintsha. Izimboni ezikhiqiza izimpahla zabathengi namabhizinisi ngezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kwezobuchwepheshe, okwakhiqiza amathuluzi, izingxenye eziyingxenye, imikhiqizo eqediwe kanye nemishini yamashini, yilabo abaqala ukuba yizimakethe. Isikhathi sokuthengiswa kwezimpahla sanikeza umhlangano omkhulu wokuthengisa, okwakufanele ukulinganisa zonke izidingo zokukhiqiza nokuthengisa. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemakethe kanye nokwedlula ngokweqile kwezimpahla kuqeda lesi sikhathi.

Ngalesi sikhathi, isigaba esiphakathi sakhula futhi, esinezidingo eziphakeme. Imisebenzi yabaphathi kanye nosomabhizinisi nayo ishintshile, ngaphansi kwezimo ezintsha azikwazanga ukuphatha ngempumelelo ibhizinisi labo, ngakho-ke indima yabaphathi (abaphathi-abaqeqeshi nabaphathi bamagqa) nabo banda. Abaphathi baqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kwazo zonke izinsiza futhi banomthwalo wokwenza inqubekelaphambili yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe nokuthola ukusebenza kahle kakhulu komnotho wonke.

Ukuziphendulela kokuphathwa kweqhinga kubonakala ngokuvela kwezindlela ezithile kanye nokusungulwa kwazo ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo kwezinkampani kanye namafemu. Izazi-mlando zikhomba izigaba ezine eziyinhloko zokuhlela: ukuhlela isikhathi eside, ukuhlelwa kwesabelomali, ukuhlela amasu nokuphatha.

Ukuziphendulela kokuphathwa kwezimali kubonakala ngokuvela nokuthuthukiswa kwemisebenzi ethize yezezimali yezohwebo kanye nebhizinisi. Izidingo ezikhulayo zebhizinisi elizimele ziye zenza umsebenzi wokutadisha ngokuqondile zonke izihlinzeko zalolu lawulo, kanye nesidingo sokuhlukaniswa kwayo njengengxenye ehlukile yolwazi.