Isifo sokulahlekelwa yigazi - ukuphazamiseka igazi

Isifo sokulahlekelwa yigazi - isimo ukuthi libhekene nezinkinga wegazi, ukwehla lokuhlushwa i-hemoglobin-protein ne abomvu egazi ashaye per unit umthamo wegazi. Kusukela main umsebenzi erythrocyte ukuthutha umoya-mpilo emzimbeni, zokugula yabo (ukubukeka beya abomvu egazi, kwehle lokuhlala egazi abomvu umzimba, khona amaseli nge ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo) kuholela ukuthuthukiswa hypoxia.

Ukuthuthukiswa anaemia lingaphathelaniswa ne ezahlukahlukene (ezihlukahlukene isifo futhi ubuthi, umnkantsha hypoplasia, hemolysis, ukopha, nokunye okunjalo). Isifo sokulahlekelwa yigazi - isifo ephelezelwa ukuhlukumeza kwemigudu yokuphefumula umsebenzi igazi. Lapho anaemia okuqhubekayo kwenzeka ezinzima-mpilo nokuntuleka okungase kubangele ukufa. Kufanele ukuthi lesi sifo libhekene hhayi kuphela ukwehla lokuhlushwa elithwala umoya-mpilo futhi abomvu egazi, ngaleyo ndlela futhi ushintsha iphrofayela igazi kwamakhemikhali.

Umlando anaemia isifo lihlotshaniswa Ephakathi. Ngalezo zinsuku, iziguli ubalwe njengenye eyayisekhanda lami ngoba boednosti. Iziguli ucelwa ukuba baphuze igazi lesilwane, wanika nethonya elihle yesikhashana. AmaGreki asendulo waphawula ukuthi amanzi ibuthuntu kusiza ekwelapheni isifo sokulahlekelwa igazi. Ekhulwini le-16, Paracelsus for ekwelapheni isifo usebenzisa yensimbi oxide. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 ukuze bakwazi ukusiza iziguli igazi ngempumelelo ukuqalisa usebenzisa isibindi eluhlaza, njengoba ososayensi batholé ukuthi kuba imikhiqizo yezilwane aqukethe inani eliphakeme yensimbi atholakale emzimbeni.

Ukwahlukaniswa anaemia

Ukwahlukaniswa kusekelwe isimiso pathogenetic. pathogenesis sazi, anaemia posthemorrhagic libhekwa ku (zenzeka ngenxa yegazi ukulahlekelwa), hypoplastic (aqoshiwe kahle kwegazi), hemolytic (kwakhiwa ngenxa hemolysis anda noma krovorazrusheniya).

Etiology futhi pathogenesis

anaemia lokudla okunempilo - isifo esakheka lapho kusilela emikhiqizweni ukudla noma ngenxa nokwenziwa yindikimba izinto ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza evamile hematopoiesis. Izinto ezinjalo zihlanganisa amaprotheni, iron, ithusi, ayibe, amavithamini B1, B12, Sun, ascorbic acid. Njengoba abantu kudle imali enkulu imikhiqizo okuvela ezilwaneni, ngokomthetho anaemia yokudla okunempilo akuvamile. Kuyaphawuleka bavame ukuba ubunjalo anaemia yesibili, okuyinto eba ngenxa malabsorption amaminerali noma amavithamini. Kuye ngokuthi lakhiwe kanjani lezi zakhi esikuthola yomzimba, isifo sokulahlekelwa igazi oluthathwa zibe B12, i-folic acid nokusansimbi ukuntula.

B12-ukuntula anemia folic acid - a zokugula esakheka ngenxa yokuntuleka ayibe e ukudla, vitamin B12, Sun, C, kolwelwesi, Gastroenteritis, namafutha gepatoze. Secondary futhi baba nesifo sokuntuleka kwegazi izifo ezingalapheki (isifo sofuba), ihlaselwe, hypo- kanye beriberi.

Nokushoda ayibe e ukudla enganele microflora emathunjini synthesizes cyanocobalamin, kuyilapho B12, Ilanga C ayadingeka kwehlukana ejwayelekile erythrocyte. Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) amuncwa wumzimba kuphela uma sixhumana isici antianemic yangaphakathi - gastromukoproteinom, isisu sinteziruyuyuschimsya. Njengoba kwakhiwa ngenxa ukuxhumana okunjalo ku izinso into entsha antianemic - erythropoietin, olunceleka egazini kanye ascorbic acid idinga Vitamin Bc ngefomu asebenzayo - tetrahydrofolic acid ukuthi unesibopho erythropoiesis evamile. Antianemic izici ukuntula angagcina ngenxa yezifo esiswini, lapho ephukile gastromukoproteina zamagama, Kulokhu, cyanocobalamin kusuka ukudla alisetshenziswa ngenxa yokuqaphela ye-erythropoietin. zamagama ezinganele ye-erythropoietin nakho kungase kube umphumela nesifo sezinso.

Ngezinye nokuntuleka vitamin B12 kanye Sun kukhona ukuphula umthetho we ngenqubo evamile nokuvuthwa amaseli we umnkantsha.