Steel ngentambo isihloko, ukujiya, usayizi

Noma yimuphi isilinganiso umuntu ngandlela-thile ekuphileni kwakhe okungenani abake babhekana nako ngemuva kokulimala kabi, noma imisebenzi. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo, umonakalo odokotela sutured ukuba ukusheshisa le nqubo zokuphulukisa. Ezahlukahlukene ngentambo kuhlinzwa kusukela ezivamile?

Lapho ngidinga yaseZimbabwe

ukusikeka Deep namanxeba ukuhlinzwa kwamathumbu, nezinye ukulimala - abantu abaningi noma kunjalo wabhekana neqiniso lokuthi kufanele thunga indwangu yabo ngokuphulukisa kangcono futhi ngokushesha. Kwaphela isikhathi eside le nkinga, kanye ukukhululeka ubuhlungu waphumelela isithiyo esikhulu ukuze ukuqhubeka ukuhlinzwa.

Kuwo wonke umlando kuye kwaba nezikhathi eziningana ukuvelela nokwehla isiyalo. Ngokwesibonelo, eRoma yasendulo ukuhlinzwa wazibonela ukuthuthukiswa engakaze ibonwe, nge esikoleni Gladiator ngamunye kwaba udokotela iphathwa fighters isilonda emva ukusebenza okuyimpumelelo. Esikhathini imithi Ephakathi sisonke uwile aphume umusa, futhi lonke ulwazi ngesikhathi esidlule ziye ukhohliwe, kumelwe kubuyiselwe Yempucuko futhi ezikhathini zanamuhla.

Ungalokothi asikho isidingo in ephulukisa amanxeba, ngoba kuwo wonke umlando wesintu njalo olwenziwa empini, futhi sokuthula ngentambo oyinyumba kuhlinzwa sabo sisindise ukuphila eziningi. Kwénzeka kanjani ngayo?

indaba

Isayensi linenani ngokwanele enkulu zokuthi imisebenzi yokuqala, kuhlanganise ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi, eyenziwa eside ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwe amathuluzi akhethekile enolwazi olujulile komzimba womuntu.

Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala okubhaliwe okukhuluma suture senzeka eminyakeni 2000 ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu esivamile. Ukusebenzisa ntambo kanye izinaliti ekuphiliseni yamanxeba iye yachazwa ezinhlwini ezingu le indatshana Chinese baphile ngokuphuza imithi. Ngalezo zinsuku, isikhumba Ithungelwe behhashi, emsipheni isilwane, ukotini fibre, ukhuni nezinye izitshalo. Ngo-175 BC, uGalen kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala catgut elenziwe sezicubu zezinzwa imfuyo. Ukuze ekhulwini XX, wayengumuntu cishe ungoyedwa suture. Nokho, ngo-1924, wasungula indaba, lapho kamuva wabizwa ngokuthi inayiloni. He kubhekwa ngentambo lokuqala zokwenziwa, efanelekayo ukuze uthunge amanxeba. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho wabonakala polyester inayiloni, okuyinto cishe ngokushesha zaqala ukusetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni. Phakathi kwaleli khulu leminyaka ke yasungulwa polypropylene futhi 70 - zokwenziwa Imicu yotshani absorbable.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba ngentambo ezihlukahlukene kuhlinzwa, inaliti kwavele baye bathi sebeshintshe ngokuphelele. Uma babengenakuphika lutho ekhethekile akazange zehluke evamile, base esebenza futhi ngokwabo ohlukumezekile izicubu ke kamuva zithengwe umumo yesimanje lwalugobile, babé ezicashile xaxa futhi abushelelezi. Contemporary alahlwayo izinaliti atraumatic ku zabo ebusweni microroughness egcwele abicah.

suture Modern

I ukuhlinzwa of ngekhulu xxi isicelo imicu zasezindaweni ezihlukahlukene futhi izakhiwo. Zingaba ezemvelo nezenziwe zokwenziwa. Kukhona nalabo ukuthi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ukusebenza nesinqumo abo, lapho isidingo ngabo. Ngosizo lwabo, ngokuvamile sutured izicubu zangaphakathi, kanti isimiso yangaphandle singasetshenziswa, edingekayo ukususa kamuva. Isinqumo sokugcina esithathwayo ngudokotela, kuncike ezicini eziningana, ubunjalo isilonda kanye isimo lesiguli. Wabuye uyakwazisa usayizi sutures kuhlinzwa, ngokukhetha ukushuba ezifanele ukusekela nezicubu, kodwa hhayi kuze limele them ngokungazi waphinda.

izidingo

Kunezindlela eziningana izakhiwo kufanele abe ngentambo yesimanje kuhlinzwa. Lezi zimfuneko suture abangu zavela ngo-1965. Noma kunjalo, esasebenza nanamuhla:

• Easy Sterilisation;
• hypoallergenic;
• eziphansi;
• inertness;
• amandla;
• ukumelana nezifo;
• resorbability;
• yizinhlobonhlobo nganoma yisiphi izicubu;
• eguquguqukayo, kalula uhlangothi, akukho inkumbulo intambo;
• zingenzi lutho olunyakazisa ngogesi;
• indawo nokwethenjelwa.

suture Modern, zemvelo kanye zokwenziwa ngandlela-thile ukuhlangana kakhulu nalezi zimfuneko. Iningi ngokuvamile nokuphatha kahle ngisho amanxeba amabi kakhulu kungenziwa kuphulukiswe. Futhi ngenxa yalesi ukuhlinzwa iwukubonisa ngempumelelo ukuthuthukisa usesikhathini lapho imisebenzi eyenziwa kokubili ezingeni micro, futhi manipulations eziyinkimbinkimbi kanjalo izitho ezibalulekile ezifana enhliziyweni nasebuchosheni, kanye neziguli ngokuvamile alulame ngesikhathi esifushane.

ukujiya

Yiqiniso, i-okuyiminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa, intambo kuhlinzwa uye washintsha abalulekile futhi akunakuqhathaniswa engakwazi ukuya nalokho baphoqeleka ukusebenzisa ngenkathi odokotela.

Namuhla, odokotela babe nezinto eziningi ezahlukene impahla suture efanelekayo ezihlukahlukene ezicutshini zawo wonke umzimba. Iningi kuyaqondakala ngoba isici ongelutho iyona ukushuba sutures kuhlinzwa. Kuthinta amandla futhi weld kuhlasimulise futhi ngokunjalo, isilonda ukuphulukisa isikhathi.

Kukhona cishe abangamashumi amabili imicu ukuthi kuhluke kuphela ukujiya. Kulokhu-ke amagugu ziyahlukahluka kusuka 0.01 kuya 0.9 kwangu. Ngakho, ngowokuqala ngqa ochungechungeni yalezi imicu ohlabayo kuka unwele lomuntu imayelana 8 izikhathi!

zinhlobo

Ekuqaleni ukwaba ezimbili izinhlobo suture:

• monofilament suture ngentambo;
• multifilament, okuyinto yena, kungenzeka olusontekile noma aluka.

Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo obadaet siqu izinzuzo, nemiphumela ethile engathandeki kanye izici. Ngakho, monofilament kunezinzuzo ezifana:

1. Ubushelelezi. Ngokusho isakhiwo yalolu hlobo lingaphansi esibuhlungu, ukugwema ukopha ngaphezulu.
2. Ubulula zokukhwabanisa. Monofilament livame ukusetshenziswa sutures intradermal, ngoba engenzi ithobela ezicutshini futhi kalula kungenziwa sisuswe uma kunesidingo.
3. Ukungabikho umphumela ntambo. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa itholakala lokuthi ukuthi kufanelekile okubi kwezintambo zesivikelo sesifuba komunye nomunye akhiwa phakathi micro-voids, zazo zigcwele okuqukethwe isilonda, okwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka. Lapho kungekho monofilament ezinjalo ingozi.
4. Inertness. Monofilament ngentambo lingaphansi kuyacasula isikhumba, ngenkathi usebenzisa mancane amathuba okulimala ukuvuvukala.

Ngakho monofilametny suture impahla kanye has eyodwa kusimo abalulekile. A amandla elincane. Izimfuneko lokuluhlaza zanamuhla kufanele kube inombolo okungenani ISIZINDA - bona obungamcasula izicubu nokwelashwa kancane. Kusukela monofilament has surface bushelelezi, kugcina ezakhiwe eziyinkimbinkimbi awamahle. Uma usebenzisa lolu hlobo impahla kumele usetshenziswe wonke ISIZINDA ngaphezulu ukushisela baziphathe kangcono.

Ukuze uthuthukise izakhiwo kwayo kuthiwa camera nge izingoma ezahlukene ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokungenwa yizifo ezithathelwanayo, ukwandisa olubushelelezi futhi biocompatibility. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sisebenzela ngokuqhubekayo ku Imicu yotshani abasha nezindwangu, ukuze ukuhlinzwa akuyona emi namanje.

Catgut futhi cellulosic izinto

Njengoba sekushiwo, intambo kuhlinzwa, elisuselwa esiswini ibinzana izinkomo, waba ngomunye wabokuqala. Namuhla, ubuchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa yayo uphelele kakhulu kunakuqala, kukhona izinto suture nge-chrome kuhlinzwa, okwandisa amandla futhi resorption isikhathi.

Lena namanje uhlobo ethandwa kakhulu ngentambo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalo kwezinye izimo esifana isitho ukufakelwa futhi kungabangela amasosha omzimba ezifanele. Noma kunjalo catgut uphelele, uma umphetho kuyadingeka isikhathi eside, ngoba ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10, angakwazi chaza isigamu, futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-2 yacekeleka phansi ngokuphelele by kulandela ukuqokwa kwakhe.

I-cellulose Imicu yotshani ukwenza poliniti ngokuthi oktselon futhi katselon. Baphinde babe esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa ukumuncwa, okubenza babe esisemqoka Urology, plastic kanye nokuhlinzwa ezingane. Nokho, banezizathu inzuzo ebaluleke - ngikwale umzimba njengoba izitho ezivela ngaphandle.

Ezinye izindaba zika-absorbable

Okunye ngentambo kuhlinzwa unesikhathi ukuqedwa eside, okuyinto ulusizo bebonke, thoracic kanye Oncology. polidiaksanon Longest kuxazululwa - e ukunyamalala wako kuthatha izinyanga 6-7.

Inzuzo nezindwangu zokwenziwa wukuthi bathuthukisa indlela ngokushesha xaxa futhi ehlanzekile isilonda ukuphulukisa, kuncishiswe ingozi nanoma yiziphi izinkinga futhi inflammations. Yingakho kusukela ukwehlukaniswa izigaba aphume catgut, ekutholeni analogue ephephile.

Silk kanye inayiloni

Amabili kula ma-zinhlobo - sutures kuhlinzwa, eselusa iimbotjhwa ezisebenza emphakathini absorbable. In practice, lokhu kusho ukuthi ukususwa kwabo kusuka emzimbeni kuthatha iminyaka eminingana. Usilika Sekuyisikhathi eside kubhekwe standard igolide, obaladaya yizinhlobonhlobo e isicelo. Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi kuthathwa imicu kwakhona odabuka yemvelo, ezinkulu kanye nokusebenzisa kwayo ngokuvamile kukhona elikhanyayo futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Kodwa nokunwebeka kakhulu, isikhathi eside futhi ethambile, futhi lokhu kuye wathola uthando Odokotela abahlinzayo.

Nylon ngentambo futhi ngokuvamile ibangela impendulo ukuvuvukala. Noma kunjalo, ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa suturing le umsipha zamehlo.

nonabsorbable

ngentambo Steel, okuyinto kumele zisuswe ngesandla, futhi kuhluke ezihlukahlukene ngokwanele. Abanye babo baye kakhulu zokukhwabanisa izakhiwo, kodwa reactogenic. Okunye inert nabangenacala, kodwa esingesihle ukusebenzisa futhi zibe namandla ongaphakeme. Noma kunjalo, cishe bonke of them kabanzi kokubili jikelele kanye nokuhlinzwa ezikhethekile.

Hlukanisa amaqembu ezilandelayo:

• Polyolefins - prolene, polypropylene. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amalunga omzimba enjalo cishe never suppurate, operability ayiyinhle, futhi uhlangana eziningi ifindo.
• Polyesters - inayiloni kanye polyester. Ikakhulu lusetshenziselwa ukusekela unyaka kwezicubu sikhathele kakhulu futhi imisebenzi endoscopic.
• Fluoropolymers. Iqembu esiphelele kunazo - okuhle zokukhwabanisa izakhiwo kanye namandla anele. Akudingi inqwaba ISIZINDA.

Steel kanye titanium

Ingase ize ibonakale ongaziwa, kodwa metal isasetshenziswa ukuhlinzwa ngesimo wire ngentambo-like futhi ubakaki for umshini ekhethekile. A ethile sina - ukulimala ezicutshini ezizungezile. Noma kunjalo, kwezinye izimo e amathambo futhi bone ukuhlinzwa ukuze esikhundleni sensimbi akukwazi lutho.

Ngakho kukhona ezihlukahlukene sutures. Zisetshenziswa ngetinhloso letehlukene, futhi kubalulekile, lokho ngentambo ekugcineni kuhlinzwa kuyakhethwa. Igama Yiqiniso, akukho indima, kodwa udokotela kuthatha njalo ku-akhawunti izici eziningi lapho wokunquma ukuthi yini engcono ukuze isiguli.