I-angiosclerosis ye-retina - iyini? Yini eyingozi emfuthweni wegazi ophezulu?

Ukugula kweso kuyingozi kakhulu kumuntu, njengoba kungabangela ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kombono. Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezinjalo, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi ukhokhele ngokukhethekile lesi sigaba, uqaphele izinguquko ezincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwazi izimpawu kanye nezimbangela ezisemuva zokungena kwe-angiosclerosis.

I-angiosclerosis ye-retina - iyini?

Luhlobo luni lwesifo futhi lungathinta kanjani amehlo ngokuqondile, iziguli eziningi ziyakhathalela. Izazi zithi ukuphika kwe-retin angiosclerosis kuvela ngemuva kwesizinda somfutho wegazi ophezulu. Umphumela oyinhloko wesifo ukuguqulwa kwe-fundus kanye nesifo sokusebenza ngokujwayelekile. Ngenxa yalokho, kuye ngokuthi izinga lesi sifo, ukuphika kwe-retinal angiosclerosis kuyoba okuhlukile. Enkambisweni yokwehliswa kwempahla ye-fundus, imishanguzo ithola ubukhulu obuhlukahlukene kanye nokubukeka okubonakalayo. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona inqubo yokuvimba imithwalo yegazi. Kuyini isici, lesi sigaba sesifo sihambisana nezimpawu zikaSalus-Gunn. Imiphumela esheshayo yokuthuthukiswa kwesifo ingaba:

1. Izimpawu zombono ophukile.
2. Ukubhekwa kwezinto eziseduze.
3. Ukuphelelwa yisisu sokuthambisa.

Izimbangela zesifo

I-angiosclerosis ye-retina yinkimbinkimbi ye-hypertension. Ngezikhathi zokuqala ezigulini ezinomfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukungaqondisi kahle kwe-retina kuvela, okubonakala ekuguqulweni okuqondile kwezitsha zamehlo. Njengomthetho, ngenxa yokuhluka, izitsha ziboshwe futhi zilahlekelwe ukuguquguquka kwazo.

Izazi ziphawula ukuthi i-retinal angiosclerosis iyisigaba sesibili sokungena kwengqondo. Ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo kuholela ekuthandeni okuphelele kwezitsha kanye nokuguqulwa okuhlelekile kwegobolondo lezingodo.

I-angiosclerosis ye-retina ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele ingabangela ubuphofu.

Izinhlobo ezikhona kanye nezimpawu ezihambisanayo

Ochwepheshe bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezine zokwakheka kwesifo:

• Isifo sikashukela. Lesi sifo singakhula ngokumelene nokwasemuva kokuphathwa okungalungile kwesifo sikashukela. Odokotela bahlukanisa ama-subspecies angu-2 wesifo: ama-macro-ne-microangiopathy. Esikhathini sesibili, ukunciphisa ngokuqondile izindonga ze-capillary kubonakala, okuhambisana nengxabano yokujikeleza. Ku-macroangiopathy, izitsha ezinkulu ziyakwazi ukuguqulwa. Njengomthetho, ngesikhathi kuthuthukiswa lesi sifo, kunciphisa ekukhanyeni kwemikhumbi, lezi zinguquko zingabangela ukuvinjelwa. Uma lesi sifo singatholakali ngesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa okufanelekile kungenziwanga, izinkinga ezinjenge-hemorrhages, ukukhubazeka okubukwayo, i-hypoxia yezicubu kungenzeka.
• I-Hypertonic. Ngalolu hlobo lwesifo, ukunwetshwa okuqondile kwemithanjeni ye-fundus, ukunciphisa imishanguzo, ukugaya isisu kubonakala. Kulesi sigaba, izicubu ze-retina ziyashintshwa. Kodwa, njengoba ochwepheshe bephawula, ngokunakekelwa kahle kunokwenzeka ukubuyisela isitho.
• I-hypotonic. Ngalolu fomu, izimbangela zanda.
• Okudabukisayo. Kuphawulwe ngezinhlekelele zobuchopho nomgogodla.

I-hypertensive retinopathy

I-angiopathy ye-hypertensive yisigaba sokuqala ekubunjweni komfutho wegazi ophezulu. Izimpawu ezisheshayo ziyizifo ze-vascular and pressure changes. Isigaba sokuqala, njengombuso, asithinti izitsha. Kodwa ngokuhlala kwabo isikhathi eside kwifomu elandisiwe, uqala ama-hypermia we-fundus. Njengoba izazi ziphawula, lokhu kubangela ukucindezelwa komshini.

Isigaba sesibili sesifo

I-angiosclerosis ye-hypertensive ye-retina yisigaba esilandelayo ekuguqulweni kwe-fundus. Njengomthetho, phakathi nesikhathi esinikeziwe sokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo ukuguqulwa okulandelayo kubonakala:

• Amagobolondo anezintambo zomzimba;
• Ukwandisa i-tortuosity;
• Umbala ushintsho.

Njengoba izazi zithi, ngezinye izikhathi izitsha zomzimba ziba mncane kakhulu ukuze zibe yinkambo.

Izinguquko ezinjalo zingabangela ukutholakala kwe-thrombosis, aneurysm nokuphuma kwegazi. Ngezinye izikhathi izinzwa ze-optic nazo zihambisana nokuguqulwa.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi i-angiosclerosis ye-retina ikhonjiswe ngokuba khona kwezimpawu zikaSalus-Gunn. Kuyini isici, kunezi-12 zalezi zimpawu, kodwa odokotela baqondiswa yizi ezintathu eziyinhloko. Zihlanganisa ukubonakaliswa okulandelayo:

• Ukutholakala komshini wokuqina owehlisiwe, owela ngokuqondile umvuthwandaba, ngaleyo ndlela uwuqhubekele. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugoqa kwayo akubalulekile.
• 2 isigaba. I-vein iguquguquka ngokwengeziwe, okwenza kube nesimo se-arcuate. Indawo yomkholwane ibonakala ngokucacile.
• Esikhathini sokuhlangana, i-vein iba cishe engabonakali.

Lolu hlobo lokuguqulwa kufanele luphathwe ngelashwa oluyinkimbinkimbi ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwe-ophthalmologist kanye nodokotela. Okokuqala, izidakamizwa zezokwelapha zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi.

I-angioretinopathy ene-hypertensive ne-neuroretinopathy

I-Angioretinopathy kanye neuroretinopathy yizigaba ezilandelayo zokuthuthukiswa kwesifo. Kulesi sigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, ukuphakama kwemikhumbi kubonakala kukhula, okubangela ukuba kwenzeke ukubola, ukuvuvukala nokugcwala. Kulesi sigaba sokuqhubekela phambili, izitsha zokubuyisela kabusha zihoxisa. Njengoba kuphawula ochwepheshe, ukuphuma kwamanzi kungabonakala njenge-petechiae noma imivimbo.

Izigubhu zibonisa ukuhlukunyezwa okuqondile kumanethiwekhi amakhulu we-artery eyinhloko ye-retina kanye nokuhlukumeza kwesimo esijwayelekile sesiguli. I-foci emhlophe endaweni yengcingo ephuzi ibangela ukuwohloka kombono.

Njengoba kuboniswe ukubuyekezwa kochwepheshe, i-angiosclerosis ebonakalayo ye-retina yombini we-amehlo esiteji se-neuroretinopathy Ukhuluma ngesandulela esingalungile kokubona amehlo nokuphila kwesiguli.

Ukwelashwa kwe-angiosclerosis

Okokuqala, udokotela kufanele ahlolisise kahle ukuxoshwa kwe-retinal angiosclerosis. Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo akunakwenziwa ngokuzimela. Njengoba ukutholakala ngokucophelela kokuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa okukhethiwe kahle kuzosiza ekugwemeni izinkinga zesifo.

Ukwelashwa, njengomthetho, kunikeza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi. Kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa imithi ebangela ukuthi:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-atherosclerosis;
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwesimetabolism;
• Ukuqedwa kokucaciswa okukhona ku-fundus.

Uma izindlela zokwelashwa ezisetshenzisiwe azizange zilethe umphumela oyifunayo, i-laser coagulation ingasetshenziswa.

Isizathu sokuthola i-angiosclerosis ezinsana

Isifo salolu hlobo ezincane singabangela ukuhlukunyezwa okubangelwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, ukucindezeleka okungahambi kahle emntwaneni kungakhula, okubangela ukuvuvukala kwesibindi se-optic futhi kuholela enkingeni yokujikeleza kwegazi ezitsheni.

Izazi zithi lesi sifo singavamile futhi asidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile.

I-prophylaxis yokugula

Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo esinjalo, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi banganaki izinyathelo zokuvimbela eziyinhloko. Lezi zidingo zihlanganisa:

• Kubalulekile ukulawula ukuthi igumbi likhanyiswa kahle ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
• Ungafundi ekuthuthweni.
• Uma uhlala nekhompyutha yakho isikhathi eside, kufanele uthathe ikhefu, ukuze amehlo akho aphumule.
• Gymnastics for the eyes.
• Landela ukudla.

Futhi ukuvimbela lesi sifo kungasetshenziswa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokwelapha okungezona zendabuko. Ukuze kungabangeli umonakalo emzimbeni futhi kungabangela ukuhlukumeza kwesifo, zonke izindlela zokuphatha kufanele zihlanganiswe nomchwepheshe. Udokotela kuphela othola ukuxilongwa kwe-retinal angiosclerosis. Kuyini lokhu nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele ngokuphathwa ngendlela engafanele, sichitha esihlokweni esihlongozwayo.