Abafundi bobukhulu obuhlukahlukene: izimbangela, ukubikezela

Abafundi bamasayizi ahlukene babonakala kubantu abanezifo ezithile ze-ophthalmic and neurological. Kuzokwelapha, uphawu, olubonakaliswa ukungalingani ngobukhulu bezingane zamehlo, lubizwa ngokuthi i-anisocoria. Lezi zifo ziyabonakala uma izintambo zeso lomsindo zonakalisiwe, ezihambisana nemisipha ekhulisa abafundi , noma amafayili e-parasympathetic ehlotshaniswa nomsizi obhekene nomfundi wokunciphisa umzimba.

Abafundi bamasayizi ahlukene, izimbangela ze-pathology

Uma i-anisocoria yenzeka ngenxa yengozi yamehlo, lapho imisipha ethatha inkontileka yomfundi ibonakaliswe khona, ngokushesha ngemuva komcimbi umfundi elula kancane, kodwa ngokushesha uzophinde abuye, futhi akwazi ukusabela lapho ehlala khona kanye nesibalo esincane.

Abafundi bamasayizi ahlukahlukene ngezinye izikhathi babangela ukuvuvukala kwe-iris yeso, okuthiwa i-iritis.

Zonke izimpendulo zabafundi zinciphisa nge-glaceoma evaliwe ngenxa ye-ischemia ye-iris yeso. I-glaucoma ihambisana nobuhlungu obunamahlombe obala emehlweni, umbono wesiguli kancane kancane.

Uma abafundi bezikhulu ezahlukene bebonakala kakhulu ekukhanyeni okukhulu, khona-ke lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ukubonakaliswa kwezinkinga zokungenwa kwe-parasympathetic. Lesi sifo sibangela umfundi ohlanjululwe (i-mydriasis), futhi zonke izenzo zayo ziyanciphisa. Ngokuvamile, i-mydriasis ingumphumela we-lesion we-oculomotor nererve, ehambisana ne-strabismus ehlukene, ukuvinjelwa kwemisebenzi ye-eyeball, i-ptosis nokuphindaphindiwe kabili.

Abafundi abahlukene e-anisocoria bangabangela isisu noma i-aneurysm icindezela i-oculomotor nererve.

Ukuguqulwa kwama-parasympathetic (abafundi bamasayizi ahlukahlukene) kungenxa yokuvuvukala kwamehlo noma ukuhlukumezeka ku-orbit kwe-ganglion ciliary.

Kulesi simo, umfundi akaphenduleli ekukhanyeni, kodwa ikhono elincane lokubamba (ukujwayela) lugcinwa.

I-syndromes ye-Adi ne-Horner

I-syndrome ye-Adi ibonakala ukuthi uma usuka kude, umfundi uyancipha kancane kancane, futhi lokhu nakho kuyaphazamisa indawo yokuhlala, futhi ubuciko obubonakalayo bulahlekile . Le syndrome ivame ukubonwa kwabesifazane abasebasha futhi iyimbangela ye-mydriasis ngeso elilodwa.

Uma i-anisocoria ikhuphuka ebumnyameni noma lapho kukhishwa ukukhanya, lokhu kubonakaliswa kwe-anisocoria noma i-Horner's syndrome.

Le syndrome ihambisana ne-ptosis, i-anhidrosis ebusweni (ukwephula ukujuluka) nokunciphisa umfundi, futhi ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuphulwa kweso lengqondo lokulondoloza amehlo. Abafundi abane-Horner's syndrome basabela ngokujwayelekile ukuya endaweni yokuhlala nokukhanya.

Isizathu se-Horner's syndrome ngumdlavuza engxenyeni engenhla yamaphaphu, umonakalo kwisiqu somgogodla noma umgogodla ongaphezulu wesibeletho. Nge-syndrome ye-Horner, eyenzeka ngomdlavuza engxenyeni engenhla yamaphaphu, ngesikhathi esifanayo kunemizimba emincane yezandla ezincane , izinhlungu ezinikeza ubuso obuphakathi kwezandla.

Abafundi bamasayizi ahlukahlukene bangenxa yokucindezelwa kwezintambo ezizwela ngenxa yomdlavuza wegciwane, ngenxa yokungenelela okuhlukahlukene okuhlinzekwa, izifo, izicubu, izintuthwane ezandisiwe entanyeni, ne-carotid thrombosis nezinye izizathu.

Uma ngenxa ye-traumatic i-artery carotid ihamba, i-Horner's syndrome ihambisana nezinhlungu ebusweni ohlangothini olufanayo nokuphazamiseka kokusakaza kwe-cerebral.

I-Horner's syndrome ezinganeni kubangela i-neuroblastoma emkhakheni wesibeletho noma we-thoracic ephezulu.

Nge-anisocoria elula (okubalulekile), umehluko omncane ngobukhulu bezingane (ezingekho ngaphezu kwe-0.5 mm) kuvame ukutholakala.

Ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine ngezinye izikhathi kubangela i-mydriasis engalingani. Abafundi bamazinga ahlukene kulokhu bahlala isikhathi esifushane futhi ukusabela komfundi kugcinwe ngokuphelele.

Abafundi abahlukile kuyisizathu esizwakalayo sokubiza udokotela, njengoba kungaba umphumela wezifo ezimbi.