Holland Heights, Israel: imininingwane eningiliziwe, incazelo kanye nomlando

Iziqhingi zaseDutch, noma i-Golan, ziya enyakatho-empumalanga nasempumalanga yoLwandle LwaseGalile (iTiberias Lake) futhi ziyingxenye yesiFunda saseNyakatho sakwa-Israyeli, noma kunalokho, zilawulwa yilizwe. Le nsimu ephikisanayo phakathi kweSiriya no-Israyeli, eyayibamba ngenxa yeMpi Yezinsuku eziyisithupha, eyayilwa eMiddle East ngo-1967 kusukela ngoJuni 5 kuya ku-10. Umbuso, owahlanganisa iGibhithe neSiriya, iJordani, i-Iraq ne-Algeria, waphikisana no-Israyeli kule mpi.

Izindawo eziphikisiwe

Ngokwehluleka, kufanele kuthiwa ukuthi ngaphambili ama-dollar ase-Dutch ayengama-3000 iminyaka futhi kuthiwa anikezwe nguNkulunkulu. Baba yingxenye yaleli zwe ngaphansi kweNkosi uDavide futhi babe yingxenye yeZwe Elingcwele (Lesithembiso). Kodwa-ke, iSiriya yayinezizwe, ezafika esifundazweni sayo saseQuneitra, eminyakeni engu-21 kuphela. Izindawo zakhe eziphikisanayo zanikezwa njengezipho ezivela eziFulentshi, ezishiya la mazwe ngenxa yokuphela kwesigunyaziso, zanikeza amaDashi ase-Dutch kuphela ukuze zicasule ama-Israyeli.

Igama lomlando

Iyini le nsimu? Kusukela ekuqaleni, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi igama lokuphakama litholakala emzini waseGolan weBhayibheli. Le ndawo yokuhlala yasendulo yayiseBassan, isifunda somlando esisebhange elingasempumalanga yeJordani. Ngakho-ke, igama elifanele lalezi ziqhingi "i-Golan", hhayi "i-Dutch". I-Holland, insimu yayo ingaphansi kwezinga elwandle, ayinaso iziqhingi ngaphandle kwamadonsa asehlabathi.

Imingcele yeGolan

I-Golan Heights - intaba yentaba yemvelaphi ye-volcanic, e-Israyeli ehlala ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-1150. Ukuphakama kwalo kungamamitha angama-1200 ngaphezu kolwandle. Umngcele osentshonalanga walezi zindawo, ebizwa ngeBhayibheli ngokuthi iBashhan land, yiLwandle LwaseGalile kanye nemithombo yamanzi yaseJordani, empumalanga - amadwala okuvela emthonjeni weTrankon kanye neDruz Mountains. I-Yarmuk River ngumngcele oseningizimu weGolan, futhi ngasenyakatho lawa mazwe aqashwe yizintaba zeHermon (kwa-Israyeli kunamaphesenti angu-7 kuphela endaweni yawo yonke indawo). I-Ash-Sheikh noma uHermon yiyona intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke kwa-Israyeli. Ifinyelela amamitha angu-2,236 ngaphezu kolwandle.

Kukhona into ongaphikisana ngayo

Iziqhingi zaseDutch zihlukaniswe njengeGolan ephezulu nephansi. Ngokwemvelo, kunomhlabathi omncane kakhulu ohlangothini lwezintaba, ikakhulukazi izinkomo zidla lapha. Kodwa engxenyeni engezansi yendawo eningi, efanelekile ukucubungula. Zitholakala emathafeni amaningi, okunye okunye okuhambisana namagquma ase-basalt. Futhi uma i-Upper Golan ibizwa ngokuthi yizwe lemfuyo, iGolan Ephansi yizwe lefulawa, ngoba kokubili u-Israyeli neSiriya lawa mazwe ayisisekelo esikhulu sezinkwa. Futhi lapha akhulumi ukolweni kuphela, kepha futhi ukotini, iminqumo, imifino, ama-almond kanye nezithelo ezingaphansi komhlaba.

Territory of War

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izindawo eziphakeme zaseDutch azizange zingaphansi kwempi. Ngisho nangemva kokufa kukaSolomoni, okungukuthi, ekhulwini le-X BC, izwe lahlukana, futhi u-Israyeli wasuka (enyakatho) noJuda (eningizimu). Engxenyeni yeGolan, iminyaka engama-200, izimpi eziqhubekayo zalwa phakathi kwemibuso yama-Israyeli nama-Aramu. Umbuso wakwa-Israyeli wawubhujiswa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngakho ngo-722 BC, abase-Asiriya, ngaphansi komyalo weNkosi uTiglath-Palasar, babhubhisa izwe. AmaJuda ashiya amazwe awo athembisiwe (lapho kwakungakaze kube khona ukuthula okude), kodwa kakade phakathi kwekhulu lokuqala leminyaka BC. E., okungukuthi, phakathi kwethempeli lesibili, i-Golan yabuyiselwa, kodwa yaba yingxenye yombuso wamaJuda.

Isibonakaliso Sesibindi

Umlando wezintaba zaseDutch ngumlando wezimpi eziqhubekayo. Ekhulwini lokuqala AD (iminyaka engama-67), iGolan yathumba amaRoma. AmaJuda avikela ngesibindi imizi yabo enamandla kakhulu. Ukuphikiswa okunamandla kwakwenziwe ngabahlaseli bamaRoma baseGamal, ngaleso sikhathi ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyinhloko-dolobha yaseGolan. Ukungahloniphi nokuzinikela kwabaphikisi kwakwethusa amaRoma, futhi umuzi waba uphawu lwesibindi samajoni ase-Israyeli emakhulwini eminyaka. Ngesikhathi sokucwaninga okwenziwa esikhathini sethu, kulezi zindawo akukho izinto noma izinsalela zezakhiwo ezitholakalayo ezizobonisa ukuthi kukhona khona kulezi zikhathi ezikude kula mazwe omunye ngaphandle kuka-Israyeli. Bathola lapha kuphela amasinagoge noma izindawo zokuhlala zamaJuda asendulo.

Abaphathi beqiniso bomhlaba

Ekhulwini le-IV, kwafika amaByzantine, awahlukumeza amaJuda ngonya, futhi ekhulwini le-VII laba bahlubuki bathathwa esikhundleni sama-Arabhu amaSulumane. Empi ye-XI leminyaka iqala phakathi kwabo kanye namaKhrisad. Futhi akekho noyedwa wabahlaseli abahlakulela la mazwe, ngaphandle kwamaJuda, lawo magqila ayexoshwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi abuyela futhi aphendulela amahlane abe yizivande. Futhi lesi sigameko asikho nje kuphela izindawo zaseDutch. Kwa-Israyeli noma ku-Israyeli wakwa-Israyeli zonke izindawo zavuselela futhi zaqhakaza lapho zixazululwa amaJuda futhi ziphenduke izidumbu nokufika kwabahlukumezi. Esinye sezibonelo ezithinta kakhulu yiGaza. Amaxhaphozi e-malaria, ama-sandle nama-wastelands asephenduke izivande eziqhakaza kusukela ekubunjweni kwezindawo ezingamaJuda lapha. I-35% yazo yonke ukukhiqizwa kwezimbali zama-Israyeli inikeza le nsimu. Futhi lapha ngobuningi zikhula imifino nezithelo.

Akukho okushintshile ekhulwini lama-XX

Iminyaka engama-400 (1517-1918) iGolan yayingumnikazi weTurkey, iphendulela la mazwe ehlane "emagcekeni ombuso". Kusukela ngo-1918 kuya ku-1946, iBrithani neFrance babuswa lapha, okushiwo ngenhla, ukushiya iGolan "isethule" embusweni omusha obizwa ngokuthi iSiriya.

Ngo-1948, uBen-Gurion wamemezela ukudalwa kombuso wamaJuda. Futhi ngokushesha waqala impi. Ngemuva kuka-1967, lezi zindawo zezindawo eziphakeme zahlala zihlala ngama-Israyeli, indawo yokuhlala yaseKatsrin yasendulo yavuselelwa. Kuzo zonke izindlu ezingama-34 zakhiwe lapha, kanti inani labahlali lidlule kuma-20,000. Ngo-1973, u-Israyeli wagxeka ukuhlasela kweSiriya futhi wavikela izindawo zaseDutch. Kodwa umbuzo wokuthi umhlaba ufikile isikhathi eside uvame ukugeleza emoyeni. Ubukhosi base-Israyeli babuyelwe kula mazwe ngoDisemba 1981 ngesinqumo seKnesset. Kodwa ngokusemthethweni i-Golan ibhekwa njengensimu ephikisanayo.

Ukuhamba okuphazamisayo

Okthoba 3, 2015 I-IGIL yaqala ukuhlambalaza ngokumelene nezindawo zaseDutch. Amantombazane angama-3 000 azisizwa ngezikhali ze-rocket azenzele umgomo wokubamba i-UN eyayiqaphele eNtshonalanga Cuba. Izindawo zeJabat Al-Khashab naseTranj zihlasela izigijimi. I-IGIL yaqala lo mkhuba ngenhloso yokuphambukisa ibutho laseSiriya kanye neRussian Federation Civil Aviation Commission eDamaseku. Kodwa kuze kube yimanje yonke ukunqoba kwendawo yase-Igilovites kule ndawo kuye kwabuyiselwa ibutho likahulumeni waseSiriya.

Izikhangibavakashi e Golan

I-Golan iyizwe elikude kunazo zonke lakwa-Israyeli futhi elilodwa elihle kakhulu. Ukukhanga okuyinhloko kutholakale ngamakhilomitha angu-16 ukusuka eLwandle LwaseLwandle LwaseGalile, iGililo Lemimoya noma iGalelo LamaRefa. Esikhathini salo yisigodi, futhi isikhumbuzo se-megalithic sibuyela esikhathini seNolithic esiphelile (IV-III yeminyaka eyi-BC) Izintaba nemifula, amadolobha aseDruze kanye nezintaba zokuphumula (eNtabeni iHermon), ama dolmens namasinagogeni amadala kakhulu (isibonelo, eGamal), amagugu kanye namapaki kazwelonke yiwona wonke amaGolan high (Israel). Imininingwane yezimpi kulezi zindawo zachazwe ngenhla.