HIV - lesibonakaliso sokuqala

AIDS noma igciwane le-HIV - yisifo esiyingozi, okuyinto kubangelwa human immunodeficiency virus. Lubonakala, okokuqala kunakho konke, ukunqotshwa uhlelo lesiguli omzimba bese ahlukahlukene ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo (izinqubo isimila-like nezifo ezingena ngentuba). Imbangela yalesi sifo retrovirus, kuze kube manje, baye wafunda kahle, mabili kuphela, ke - HIV-1 ne-HIV-2. Emvelweni, kukhona ezahlukeneyo eziningana kule lwegciwane, kodwa ulwazi olunembile ngalokho abayikho nendlela beziphatha maqondana mayelana nomzimba womuntu, kodwa.

Uyini-HIV?

Uphawu lokuqala ukutheleleka kungenziwa kunqunywa khona retrovirus egazini. Retrovirus eyinqaba uzwakalise lymphotropic, okuyimali bakhethe lymphocyte, amangqamuzana omzimba. I-HIV ibe kokuhlukana okusezingeni eliphezulu - 1 isakhi sofuzo kuyinto ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo engaphezu kuka-1000 kuka izikhathi eziningi njengengcebo enkulu kunemicebo Igciwane lomkhuhlane. Lwegciwane Kutholwe HIV-T lymphocyte nezinye kwezitho nezicubu zomzimba womuntu (macrophage, monocytes, Langerhans amaseli, megakaryocytes, eosinophils, izinzwa, amaseli emathunjini EPITHELIAL). Igciwane liyatholakala nasemiBhalweni igazi, isidoda, ngamathe, obisini lwebele komama abanegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, uketshezi izinyembezi.

HIV. Uphawu lokuqala ukutheleleka.

Isikhathi kwesikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni yokutheleleka nge-HIV kungaba isukela izinyanga 4-6 kuze iminyaka 4 noma ngaphezulu, izincwadi kukhona ulwazi mayelana nenkathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni iminyaka engu-15. Ngakho, yini esingayenza ukuze kuqala esolwa ukutheleleka womuntu ne-HIV? Izimpawu zokuqala ukutheleleka bangase balwisane njengoba lymphadenopathy nomkhuhlane (kwenyuke izinga lokushisa komzimba), lezi zimpawu ukuthuthukisa emasontweni 5-6 emva kokutheleleka. Banquma ukwaba isikhathi esiningi isilinganiso phakathi ukubonakala egazini omzimba athile kanye nokuthuthukiswa ngowokuqala zengculazi, le nkathi kungenzeka eminyakeni 7-10.

Izimpawu zokuqala HIV amadoda nabesifazane

Modern 9 abalobi ukukhomba izimpawu ukutheleleka nge-HIV, okungenzeka ukuthi uphawu lokuqala iyiphi miss bese wedlulela.

1. I abukhali kwesisindo (izinyanga ezingu-6 ku-10% noma ngaphezulu);
2. Fever ehlala njalo ngenyanga ezingaphezu kwesisodwa;
3. Uhudo Okungalapheki ezingaphezu kuka ngenyanga eyodwa;
4. Generalized ukulunywa dermatitis;
5. uhlale ukhwehlela;
6. Phindaphinda herpes zoster;
7. candidiasis Oropharyngeal;
8. Herpes simplex noma yansukuzonke;
9. lymphadenopathy generalized.

Yini okufanele I sinake?

Ezinye iziguli esolwa ngokuba ne-HIV, lesibonakaliso sokuqala singawathola e izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwemizwa: ubuhlungu iso, photophobia, ikhanda elibuhlungu, izimpawu peripheral neuropathy, futhi meningoencephalitis. Lokhu kusho ukuthi waqala ukulimala kwenzwa ekuseni. Kwezinye izimo, kungase kuvele ukuqubuka emzimbeni uhlamvu ikhombe ohlobo rubella noma isimungumungwana, ukuqothuka kwezinwele, okuvela izilonda ku nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Umbhali wayevame ukunezela lokhu acute esiteji yokutheleleka nge-HIV kudidaniswe mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus ukutheleleka, toxoplasmosis, rubella nezinye izifo. Nokho, i-acute ukutheleleka nge-HIV ingaphezu ejwayelekile kuqala acute, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo mononucleosis ezithathelwanayo, nokuba khona ezibangelwa ukungaphenduki embhedeni nokukhubazeka izilonda sibi amalaka.

Izimpawu zokuqala yokutheleleka nge-HIV - akusiyo isigwebo sokufa!

Kunoma ikuphi, izimpawu zokuqala ukutheleleka nge-HIV kwabesifazane futhi amadoda ukhulume izinkinga emzimbeni womuntu, kufanele isignali lokuqala yokuthi isiguli kuzodingeka ibhekane kokuxilongwa ezengeziwe. Nokho, zikhona izimpawu eziningana akuyona supply lokukhulisa ukuxilongwa sína kangaka njenge AIDS. Ukuze wenze kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane, isiguli uzocelwa ukuba baphumelele isivivinyo ekhethekile, esiqhutshwa njengoba ngokusobala noma ngokuyimfihlo, futhi kuphela ngemva kokuba kokuhlolwa kaningana waqinisekisa lapho ethola ukuthi unesifo. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukusheshe kutholakale lesi sifo phakathi ebaluleke kakhulu anti-ubhubhane izinyathelo, kanye nokuphathwa esifike ngesikhathi yokwelapha namagciwane kungaba ngokuphawulekayo ukuhlehlisa noma ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa AIDS.