Hairpin inyoka: incazelo, izithombe. Yokulunywa yizinyoka hairpin

amalungu Okumangalisayo, ezingalindelekile futhi kuyingozi kakhulu hairpin womndeni izinyoka (Atractaspis), ngakho-ngokungafani nezilwane ezihuquzelayo akubo. abameleli Amancane uma eqhathaniswa izinhlobo eziningi ezivamile, ezinzima njengoba ngocingo, inyoka hairpin namanje kubhekwa ongaqondakali, Ayindida futhi eyaziwa kahle eziningi zezilwane. Le ndawo yokusabalalisa, yokuphila, izici isakhiwo lezi zinhlobo kanye nemiphumela ukulunywa zabo kubantu nasezilwaneni - lokho lesi sihloko esisekelwe kuwo.

Incazelo zezinto eziphilayo

Ukumba noma yokwemba izinyoka ayehlala cishe lonke izwekazi lase-Afrika, ngempela Petite: ubude bawo isilinganiso ingeqi isigamu imitha. A ngaphandle ezingavamile abantu abathile ukuthi ukhule kufika ku-70 cm ubude. Isiqu sawo abushelelezi futhi ecwebezelayo, umsila iDemo. Umbala simnyama, cishe abamnyama noma emnyama-purple, kancane kukhanya esiswini. Small ikhanda esiyisicaba embozwe amapuleti ezinkulu, izihlangu, ngamehlo amancane uphela empumulweni blunt.

izici isakhi canines

inyoka Hairpin iyahluka kwenye yezinye izinhlobo, futhi ngokuphelele ukuziphatha atypical: naye emhlanganweni akubikezeli, "ukuxoxisana" ngeke isebenze - ematfuba kokuthola kokulunywa ngamaphesenti ayikhulu cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukungabikho lwaleli entanyeni ngemuva ekhanda kukwenza kungenzeki ukuba uyibambe ezandleni zabo ngangokunokwenzeka nanoma iyiphi enye inyoka, isakhiwo eliyingqayizivele futhi indawo canines kwenza lesi silwane kuyingozi kakhulu.

Ngo izinyoka waqopha Amazinyo maqondana ubukhulu ikhanda. Kungenxa yokuthi lezi, Amazinyo mncane eside athé umlomo wawo iwusongo lwangempela, baye ngokuthi i hairpin. Bona bakulume ukunyakaza okusheshayo lateral, ekuvimbeleni umzamo kancane kumenze ngemuva ekhanda lakhe.

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo

Hairpin inyoka ifakwe kuphela Amazinyo big eziyize. Okunye namazinyo kungaqali. Isakhiwo lezi canines esiyingqayizivele - bangathumela eligoqiwe futhi waqonda, uma kunesidingo, ezinye izinhlobo zalezi zinyoka unekhono qondanisa kubo, ngaphandle kokuvula ngokuphelele umlomo. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba sisebenzise hairpin izinyoka imithelela okusheshayo lateral ngaphandle kokuvula umlomo, futhi ulisebenzise kabanzi. Ehlome ngamathuluzi okuthola Amazinyo, inyoka hairpin, okuvumela izithombe ukubabona isikhathi eside ithuthukiswe amasu zokuhlasela lateral phezu ezingaba isisulu. Lesi isici ngokuchaza futhi njengoba ukuzingela ezimweni enyinyekile komhlaba ingabe akuhileli umzimba akhethekile ziyaphumelela eminyaka ohlangothini khahlela eside futhi Amazinyo mncane njalo ijahe ilitshe. Ngokusobala, lesi sakhiwo amazinyo zomhlaba izinyoka - umphumela lithathelwe ukuphila kwezilwane burrowing, futhi lesi sici ihlukanisa lolu hlobo njengoba inyoka hairpin. Lapho akuphilayo, nezimo futhi uvuma. Zonke ezinye izinyoka enikeziwe nge ezihleliwe phambi amazinyo futhi abanayo arsenal kwabo amakhono ngokushesha ukuhlasela lateral.

indlela yokuphila

Enye isimanga igama ngqo sale inyoka - South Upper - kubonisa ingozi kakhulu sesilwane, okuholela ogxile ebusuku. Lokhu nomzingeli njalo ngamakhasimende ngase nephunga. Snake kabi ubona. umqondo langa yokuhogela ivala isikhala yokuntuleka buka, ngenxa indlela yokuphila ohlala ngomshoshaphansi. Iningi usuku hairpin inyoka ukufihla ngaphansi phansi enhlabathini okuxekethile enesihlabathi esiningi noma amahlamvu esewile, namagundane abazingeli nezinye izilwane ezihlala elingenhla inhlabathi izingqimba. Lokhu inyoka Sekuyisikhathi eside ngokuqinile athola udumo njengoba umchithi izidleke. It kahle ithola Burrows komhlaba namagundane, aqala nibabulale ubani ke - ezincane kanye nabantu abadala. Ngemva kwalokho, esikhundleni salokho, wabagwinya. Kubonakala phezu futhi kuyaqabukela ebusuku, Ngokuqhubeka ukuzingela izibankwa, Amphisbaena, izinyoni ezincane noma izinyoka. Umndeni has a izinyoka hairpin futhi stenofagi - zinhlobo abadla eyodwa kuphela hlobo lwezimbali ukukhiqizwa. Kodwa iningi lalaba bantu ezihuquzelayo ukuzingela, inazozonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezincane, ngibabulale ukugwinya.

Snake hairpin lapho izimpilo

Sishilo kakade ukuthi yezwekazi lase-Afrika kuba kule inyoka ekhaya. Ake sihlole kabanzi endaweni lapho inyoka kutholakala hairpin. Habitat stylet eningizimu - Afrika, noma kunalokho, anhlobonhlobo, kuhlanganise ingxenye enyakatho ntshonalanga esifundazweni KwaZulu-Natal naseLimpopo, umbuso elincane Swaziland, ezindaweni eseningizimu nemaphakathi eMozambique Zimbabwe Afrika uthi, Botswana naseNamibia. Habitat izinyoka kumba eqolo, futhi uma acabangele zokuzamazama ezahlukene zezulu, kungashiwo wagomela ukuthi nezimo hairpin izinyoka impela high, ngoba zingatholakala emahlathini elisezansi futhi ngesimo sendawo enezintaba embozwe sezihlahla.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Nge nezinye izinhlobo izinyoka kuyinto umndeni efana indlela zokukhiqiza kabusha, kukhona bendabuko: inyoka hairpin libhekisela izilwane amaqanda-laying. Ukuheha nephunga besilisa eyinqaba, abashadile zesifazane, futhi ngokushesha endaweni esekusithekeni izalela amaqanda 3 kuya ku-7. Lokhu kwenzeka ehlobo. Ngeke lokuhlola nezindaba ukudlala labantu yalezi zilwane, ngoba lokhu izici zokuphila kwabo ayiqondakali kahle. Ake sixoxe ngalokho inyoka eyingozi bite hairpin ukuba abantu. Cabanga ngalokho imiphumela kungase kubangele nomthelela empilweni.

Hairpin inyoka ushevu

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abameleli Isihlungu hairpin izinyoka omkhaya akubhekwa ebulalayo, kodwa akungabazeki e ubuthi bayo eliphakeme enginakho. Emlandweni zikhona izimo lapho yisilwane uhlobo oluthile lezi zilwane liyabulala. Ngokuvamile, izisulu zamacala la izingane, intsha noma abantu ababuthaka. Kodwa ngisho umuntu omdala inyoka senzakalo hairpin izophela izinyembezi: nokugedla amazinyo endaweni ethintekile kanye umzimba, impatho eside, ukulahlekelwa kungenzeka esinye sezitho zomzimba wakho noma ingxenye yayo, kulandela lokhu ukukhubazeka kanye ukubuya ngezikhathi isimo isifo. Kusukela endaweni ukusatshalaliswa lezi zilwane likhulu kakhulu, ngoba izifunda eziningi yezolimo Afrika iseduze lezi zilwane unikeza omningi enkingeni enkulu. Thuthukisa ushevu eqinile anobuthi amakhulu eminyaka ososayensi ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili: amakhono impumuzo umzingeli ukubulala ngempumelelo impango, enhle kakhulu ukuvikela indlela kwezinye izilwane eziyingozi kakhudlwana.

Ukwakheka Ubuthi

Liyisihlungu sezinyoka inhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi izinto asebenzayo nge wokuqukethwe lelisetulu ubuthi. Inani elikhulu of izingxenye ketshezi uye cishe engakaze wafunda noma uphenyo okukha phezulu kakhulu, kodwa ukuthi ushevu kuyinto sasivumela viscous Milky ketshezi ezaziwayo. Investigation of the ukwakheka ushevu izinyoka hairpin manje eduze waziphatha ososayensi US nase gerpentologi.

Ingabe ikhona kuyindlela yokuvimbela

Umhlangano no-izilwane ezifana hairpin yokulunywa yizinyoka yokuvimbela okuyinto ayikho, kuyingozi. Namuhla, umsebenzi uyaqhubeka ku umgomo okusungulile antizmeinoy, kodwa ukuthi abanye imithi eminye esebenza ngempumelelo khona. Esikhathini umkhuba ezweni ezosindisa izisulu zezinhlekelele yokulunywa yizinyoka serum esetshenziswa ekhethekile, okuncike inyoka Isihlungu. Ngeshwa, kusukela lunywa yokuvimbela hairpin inyoka ingakamiswa yasungulwa. Ukungabikho izinto singadambisa umphumela ebhubhisayo ushevu - inkinga enkulu ngoba labantu elikhulu emasimini Afrika. Namuhla, njengoba eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, ingozi eliphezulu zokuhlasela le nyoka encane kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu. Imiphumela kokuba yenhlwathi inkulumo okwengeziwe.

Yokulunywa yizinyoka kanye nomthelela okunawo

Isihlungu le nyoka kuyingozi ukuba abantu, njengazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo. kakade Siphawulile ukuthi isenzo inyoka beshesha ngendlela eyisimanga. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa uma kunobufakazi bofakazi kanye izisulu: snakebite molnienosen ukuze abantu musa Ngokushesha uyaqaphela ukuthi kwakwenzekeni. abalunyiwe abaningi, udidekile kuleli qophelo, engozini yokuthola Ukulunywa ambalwa. Kwaba ngemva isikhashana umuntu uyaqonda ukuthi kwenzekani ngempela.

Izacile, inaliti-namazinyo ingxenye izicubu ayikajuli, futhi ncela Ubuthi njengoba Ukulunywa okungenzeka ezinye izinyoka eziningi, kulesi simo, cishe, ngeke uphumelele. Emkhakheni eqoshiwe kuphela Ukulunywa ambalwa lezi zinyoka, ngenxa abalimi ezingavamile Afrika isikhalazo bathole usizo lwezempilo. Ngakho-ke, imiphumela inqubo ubuthi emzimbeni womuntu engakaze wafunda.

Yokulunywa yizinyoka hairpin kulandele umjovo we ubuthi, okuyinto eba izicubu ongama siyahluka ngokushesha egazini Amapayipi lymph. Ubuthi zisakazekela umzimba kanye Indwangu ushukunyiswa yiwo uma singaqali zigcwala cishe ngokushesha. Kubangela ubuhlungu babulawa.

Umthelela ubuthi emzimbeni womuntu

Ubuthi inyoka hairpin iqukethe ubuthi eziningana ehlukile abekho nesihlungu sezilwane ezinye izinyoka. Omunye wabo - ubuthi endothelial, kwandisa isibalo Kufinyeta of imisipha yenhliziyo nemithambo kwandisa umfutho wegazi. Akubuzwa, kuyingozi enkulu ukuba abantu. Pulse umuntu yenhlwathi luyanda amabhithi ezingamakhulu amabili ngomzuzu. Ngokwandisa inyuka ingcindezi nobuhlungu.

Inhlanganisela ubuthi ekhona Isihlungu, has nethonya elilimaza kakhulu wonke nomzimba womuntu: ezisithintayo isimiso sezinzwa, njengoba kufakazelwa sebuhlungwini obunzima, futhi kungase kubangele edema semithambo, nokucupha ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Indlela abasabela ngayo izicubu ushevu

Ubuthi laleyo nyoka hairpin ekhohlisayo futhi ngempumelelo. It sifana ushevu uhlobo lwenyoka yaseMelika enesihlungu esibi, kanye ebangela inqubo noqhekeko kanye nemiphumela kwezicubu wendawo lilokhu libuna.

Okokuqala, esizeni bite akha isimila ukuthi likhula ngokushesha futhi blushes. Kwabe sekulandela amanye amahora ambalwa erythema kuphenduke igazi amashashaza, kamuva coalescing ibe hematoma eyodwa enkulu. Gerpentologi baphikisa ngokuthi ubuthi kubangela ukuwohloka engelapheki ihlule. Usizo lwezokwelapha eziyisisekelo kuleli qophelo iyona analgesia qualitative, kanye inhliziyo reception antihistamine izidakamizwa ukuthi ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwezicubu. Esimeni a hematoma omkhulu, zembula endaweni oyinyumba, ukwehlisa ingcindezi. Uma umuntu angenakho iphendukele ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, hematoma lwembula uqobo ekubeni onezinkinga bushelelezi kancane oily. Kusukela uqala ezimhloshana eziyinhlaka igazi. Izicubu ngaphakathi hematoma is ngendlela engenathemba ezilimele, kukhona iphunga elibi. Sonke lesi sikhathi yenhlwathi sihlushwa nobuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu, ephelezelwa imfiva, kukhuphuke blood pressure, palpitations futhi ukujuluka kakhulu.

Ngeshwa, ukuvimbela umonakalo izicubu endaweni bite akunakwenzeka namuhla, futhi isetshenziswa yokwelapha bangisekela kuphela ekunciphiseni yisimo esibuhlungu. Mangisho ukuthi necrosis (ukufa) izicubu incike kumuntu ngamunye: unamandla kwezinye, kuyilapho abanye - kahle. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi bite noma kunjalo kuyinto ukunqunywa ngokwengxenye kwezicubu efile noma isibanda kwalokho, eneka ithambo. Bites iminwe ngokuvamile kuholele ekulahlekelweni kwabo, ngoba ngokuvamile wabhubhisa izicubu hhayi kuphela zithambile kodwa futhi bone.

Ekuphetheni

Ngiqinisile Imiphumela osindayo emihlanganweni izilwane eziyingozi like inyoka hairpin. Bite, umthelela okuyinto elibuhlungu kakhulu, ehlala isikhathi uyakhumbula uyahluleka uma elwa nokuphuza yakhe ngokuphindaphindiwe - izimpawu esibuhlungu esifanayo lapho sihlaselwa umalaleveva. Izithombe waphulukisa amanxeba nguphoyizeni, evezwa izincwadi zezokwelapha ezisekelwe ekwazisweni, ukuqinisekisa umphumela okusezingeni eliphezulu ezilimazayo ubuthi.