Uphi Kandalaksha Bay? Incazelo, izici, izithombe

Uphi Kandalaksha Bay? Itholakala enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-White Sea, phakathi oluseningizimu ye Kola enhlonhlweni (Kandalaksha coast) futhi ugu lweNyakatho Karelia. Ubude endaweni amanzi 185 km, nasezindaweni ububanzi nomnyango 67 km. Gulf Shores, kwakhiwa ayizinkulungwane 10. Eminyakeni eminingi edlule, ngemva ukubaleka we yeqhwa, kakhulu dissected ngu amawa ezincane (lezindebe), emanzini kunamakhulu eziqhingini ezincane, lezi ziqhingi futhi amatshe eziningi ezingaphansi kwamanzi.

sici

Ngo Kandalaksha Bay itholakala engxenyeni kwangempela White Sea. Kujulisa kwamamitha angu-200 ezansi juts kusuka endaweni ulwandle. Le ndawo iza cishe ukuba phakathi bay. Esikhathini ingxenye esentshonalanga yalesi ukucindezeleka ukucindezeleka ejulile (343 m). Nokho, ezifana a ka ngaphezulu ngaphandle kuka kokubusa ukujula. Usayizi isilinganiso endaweni amanzi labangaba ngu-20 m, ogwini ke kancane incipha futhi ifinyelela ku-10 m engajulile Littoral -. It lingachazwa ngokuthi Kandalakshsky bay. ukufikelwa ukushisa ngokuvamile ezidlula 1.8-2 m, kodwa futhi kukhona labo okuyinto ukufinyelela 3 m. wave noTidali isuka Belomorian emphinjeni, asinikeze eningizimu nasentshonalanga. Phakathi isilinganiso ehlobo okushisa amanzi ifinyelela 14-15 ° C, e encane amatheku ezivikelekile amanzi kungenzeka sekuqala ukufudumala kuya 25 ° C.

izici zezulu

Isimo sokukhululeka ngokwenkolo Gulf ulula kakhulu, isimo sezulu siyashintsha kakhulu ngenxa ukunyakaza zasezindaweni nezinguquko njalo emoyeni isiqondiso. Ithonya Gulf Stream nomthelela kule ndawo, ngezinga elincane kunangesikhathi Murmansk ogwini. Julayi Isilinganiso lokushisa - 13-14 ° C, ngo-February - kusuka -10 ° C kuya -12 ° C. isikhathi ungqoqwane ihlala izinsuku 110-120. Kandalaksha Bay embozwe iqhwa ngonyaka abandayo maphakathi no-Okthoba, ngesikhathi efudumele - ngisho ngoDisemba futhi ekuqaleni kuka-January. Ukuqeda ngokuvamile senzeka ngoMeyi.

Ukuthuthukiswa ogwini

Area yeNhlonhlo Kola lalihlala abantu ngokushesha ngemva ukuncibilika yeqhwa - ku VII-VI yeminyaka BC. e., in the Mesolithic. EGulf of amasayithi endala bemivubukulo esukela emuva le ekuqaleni seSimbi. On Bear Island XVII-XVIII eminyaka esiliva sasithathwa, kodwa zigcine yayo zisezincane. Industrial ukuthuthukiswa waqala emva ukwakhiwa e 1915-1916 we Murmansk ujantshi. On the amabhange eminyakeni 1910-1938 babe egawula asebenzayo. Manje ngokusebenzisa Kandalaksha Bay baba umzila ezokuthutha obalulekile ukuthi baphathe kawoyela kanye nezinye izimpahla. itheku elikhulu Kandalaksha isendaweni ithiphu esentshonalanga yendawo.

endaweni

Ngo-1932 okukuwo kwadalwa amanzi Gulf futhi iziqhingi ukuvikela mass eider lokushutheka Kandalaksha Reserve. Esikhathini esizayo, usayizi iziqiwi yanda, ukufinyelela kude ayizinkulungwane 70. Amahektha. Ukudoba emanzini wavinjelwa 1957. Phakathi ezikhumbuzo engokwemvelo ogwini futhi iziqhingi kweminyango ebusweni emadwaleni lasendulo emhlabeni, iminyaka 3 billion. Iminyaka.

Izici

Gulf Shores kuphezulu namatshe, ukuphakama isilinganiso kwamadwala Karelian coast - 100-300 m, kanye Kandalaksha -. 175-600 m kungasaziwa tetinkhombamagama ku Kandalaksha Bay abe umlingisi ethile. Ukusakaza noTidali isuka White Sea. It is bathuthela enyakatho ngesivinini aphansi. Uma silandela isiqondiso sakhe, khona-ke lokho kuyoholela ohlangothini olungasempumalanga, inhlonhlo ye-Turiy. Ziyafika ziphinde uhamba olwandle emuva.

izwe yemifino

emanzini angasogwini ikakhulukazi ehlanganiswa amahlathi coniferous (ikakhulukazi zikaphayini), at eziphakeme indawo nalapho ziklabile ongaphakeme. On the amabhange kanye iziqhingi sikhule ezingaphezu kuka 630 zezitshalo ephakeme, lokulandisa 55% ye izitshalo isamba Murmansk esifundeni. Kandalaksha Bay itholakala eslphambanweni izifunda ezimbili floristic - Nordic Arctic. Esiqiwini kutholakala 25 izitshalo sendawo, kuhlanganise sunflower Arctic, ezinhlanu marsh orchid, futhi izinhlobo ezimbili zezinkantolo ezinjengohlinzamfuku, peony impande Marin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izindawo ehlathini embozwe slipper ntokazi (kufika ku amakhophi izinkulungwane ezimbili noma ezintathu kwelinye endaweni) nomunye zezinyoni ezingavamile orchid - epipogium ezingenamaqabunga.

emhlabeni isilwane

Nezilwane kuhlanganisa 170 zezilwane ezincelisayo, izinhlobo ezingu-240 zezinyoni (kuhlanganise ezifudukayo), izinhlobo ezimbili zezitshalo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo, ezintathu - izilwane zasemhlabeni. Phakathi tilwane letinkhulu - amaphiva, ibhere, ama-lynx, Wolverine, impisi. Ezinye amabhere ahlala eziqhingini, njalo ukweqa phezulu Kandalaksha bay bhukuda ogwini. Abantu abahlukumeza abanye Small: impungushe, uchakide, marten, uchakide, ngazivumelanisa nendlela eNorth mink American. Fur eziveza izilwane - hare ophila ogwini futhi iziqhingi ebiyelwe ngamapulangwe futhi muskrat, ahlala amachibi. Ngo amanzi eGulf of bukhoma onogwaja ulwandle nezimpawu ringed. Phakathi kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezisohlwini Incwadi Red, kukhona ukhozi elimhlophe-tailed, i-golden eagle, ukhozi, nengqungqulu, kestrel, isikhova, isikhova seqhwa, loon ophuzi-ukhokhiswe, nomphishamanzi onesiqhova, ihansi barnacle, ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi whooper futhi uyisimungulu, gray crane.

Ngo Kandalaksha Bay atholakala 30 kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi, kodwa inani labo lincane uma. Ngokuvamile, wathola White Sea cod ngezizathu zidala kuleli qoqo leziqhingi kukhona inhlanzi White Sea. Emilonyeni emifuleni uhlalwe ulwe phansi kolwandle - ulwe polar. Emachibini exhunywe ne kolwandle, trout bukhoma futhi trout ensundu, leli lokugcina fed isikhathi eside emanzini olwandle.