Green-Vermillion Inkomba. ngomlomo inhlanzeko Inkomba. luhlolo Clinical at udokotela wamazinyo

Uyazi yini ukuthi ukuhlanza ulimi yakho ngendlela efanele? Uma ufuna ukuba ukumamatheka nekhazimulayo, kudingeka ufunde ukuze anakekele ingaphakathi lakhe ngomlomo. Manje sizozama anifundise lokhu.

inkomba yokuhlanzeka

Yokuhlanzeka Index of Green-Vermillion ikuvumela ukulinganisa ukubaluleka tartar futhi qwembe ngokwehlukile. Ukuze ubone ukuthi lokhu cwaningo namazinyo eziyisithupha 31, 11, 16, 26 - indiza vestibular, futhi 36, 46 - lingual. Plaque kungenziwa esikalini nge ukudaya izixazululo ( "Magenta", Schiller Pisareva "Erythrosin") noma zibukeke.

Amakhodi ezilandelayo kanye nenqubo ye-plaque yamazinyo :

• 0 - akukho Bokuhlela;
• 1 - i-plaque ezithambile esehlanganise esingaphansi 1/3 ye indiza ngezinyo, noma ukuba khona noma iyiphi inombolo imali ibala (onsundu, oluhlaza, njll).
• 2 - Bokuhlela obucayi zitholakala esingaphansi 2/3, kodwa abe ngaphezu 1/3 ye-izinyo lomhlathi ebusweni;
• 3 - plaque elithambile, bangazihluphi ezingaphezu kuka 2/3 we ebusweni izinyo.

Ukunqunywa sub- futhi supragingival itshe izinyo lomhlathi kusetshenziswa dantistskogo uphenyo.

Ezingaphezu kwezingxenye ezintathu Inkomba ezinhle Green-Vermillion? Ukuhlolwa tartar (criteria kanye amakhodi) imi kanje:

• 0 - amatshe azitholakali;
• 1 - sebethule supragingival uvala esingaphansi 1/3 ye indiza ngezinyo;
• 2 - ekwakhekeni, wabekwa phezu gum esehlanganise esingaphansi 2/3, kodwa 1/3 ye indiza ngezinyo, noma ukuba khona ngamaqhubu ngabanye esifundeni yayo wesibeletho;
• 3 - Bokuhlela supragingival uvala ezingaphezu kuka 2/3 indiza izinyo noma ngamaqhubu esikhulu itshe eliqhele intamo.

Green-Vermillion Inkomba kubalwa ngokungeza amagugu ekhiqizwa ngayinye izakhi zalo ne division ngenani izindiza futhi wafundelwa alo kokubili kobukhulu.

ujabule

ifomula ukubala sisetshenziswa simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

IGR-y = isamba plaque / izindiza inombolo + isamba itshe / inombolo ezishelelayo.

Ukuhunyushwa index (GPI-amagugu ezingeni wezokwelapha) kuhlongozwa:

• 0,0-1,2 - limi ngomumo;
• 1.3-3.0 - kuvunyelwe;
• 3,1-6,0 - ongaphakeme.

Green-Vermillion Inkomba unamanani elandelayo qwembe amazinga:

• 0,0-0,6 - limi ngomumo;
• 0,7-1,8 - kuyabekezeleleka;
• 1,9-3,0 - okubi.

KPU indices

Ukuveza izinkomba kwenhlanzeko we ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo? Omunye okuza yamazinyo eyisisekelo (KPU) sikhombisa ukushuba abolile. Le ncwadi "K" kusho inani umonakalo emazinyweni, "P" - inani uphawu, 'U "- namazinyo inombolo okufanele isuswe noma adiliza. Isamba letindlela tekuphila kunikeza umbono mayelana nokuthuthukiswa inqubo abolile e umuntu othize.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu CPU Coefficient:

• KPUz - sesibalo samazinyo carious futhi waphulukisa ekuhlolweni;
• KPU izindiza (KPUP) - Inani ubuso asibhujiswa;
• KPUpol - nenani ofakwe futhi caries kude.

Izinkomba alandelayo asetshenziselwa namazinyo angesiwo agcwele:

• KP - sesibalo samazinyo ephukile futhi waphulukisa bite iDemo;
• KP - sum ezishelelayo sesibolile;
• CPR - nenani imigodi carious nezimpawu.

Lost ngenxa ushintsho emzimbeni noma ingazinzi namazinyo ekhishwe occlusion kuthiwa bambalala. Ezinganeni lapho amazinyo ezihambayo usebenzisa inhlanganisela okuza ezimbili: CPU kanye CP. Ukukhomba umfutho isiyonke isifo fingqa kokubili degrees. CPU 6 kuya ku-10 ukuqinisekisa umfutho ophakeme kwamazinyo 3-5 - ngokulinganisela, 1-2 - ephansi.

Lezi zilinganiso ungabonisi isithombe sangempela, ngoba amaphutha ezifana:

• cabanga futhi ekhishwe amazinyo, futhi disinfected;
• kungandisa kuphela ubudala futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uqale ukudlala izilonda odlule carious;
• ungavumeli akhawunti umonakalo kokuqala.

ukushiyeka kwethu okungathí sina

amaphutha Obalulekile izinkomba KPUz futhi KPUP kukhona ukungaqiniseki zabo okwandisa ukuwohloka ngenxa ukwakheka izimbotshana entsha emazinyweni waphulukiswa, ukulahlekelwa kunezimvu zamanzi, caries yesibili kanye izici ezifanayo.

Sebuningini caries abonise iphesenti. Ngenxa yalesi ingxenye abantu abaye bathole lesi sifo (ngaphandle demineralization ebalulekile), ihlukaniswe by labantu uphenyo kule team futhi iphindwe eziyikhulu.

Ukuze ukuhlola ngokuvuswa kwamazinyo endaweni ethize, bazisebenzisa kulinganiselwa lezehlakalo phakathi izimo zezingane nambili:

• Okuphansi umfutho ezingeni - 0-30%;
• Isihlobo - 31-80%
• elikhulu - 81-100%.

inkomba CPITN

isimo Ukufaneleka ngezinyathelo zenhlanzeko okwakufanele ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo senzeka ngokusebenzisa indices ezahlukene. Cabanga CPITN Coefficient. It is lisetshenziswe umkhuba emtholampilo ukugada behlola isimo periodontal. Nale Inkomba waloba kuphela lezo zibonakaliso ezingasetshenziswa bacale kutfutfukisa kolunye uhlangothi (tartar, ukuvuvukala izinsini, okuyinto yahlulelwe ukopha), futhi akusho acabangele izinguquko ezingenakuhlehliswa (ukuhamba amazinyo, gum sokuntenga komnotho ezweni sihlalise, ukulahlekelwa okunamathiselwe EPITHELIAL).

Nge inqubo esinqunyiwe CPITN umsebenzi. Lokhu isici alisetshenziswa ngokuphulukisa yokuhlela. Inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu ijubane ukuhlonza, okuqukethwe ulwazi, ubulula ikhono ukuqhathanisa imiphumela. Isidingo ukonakaliswa ngesisekelo kwalezi zimfanelo:

• Ikhodi X noma 0 kusho ukuthi asikho isidingo ukwelapha isiguli;
• 1 ubonisa ukuthi umuntu kufanele banakekele kangcono umgodi wabo ngomlomo;
• 2 wukuthi kubalulekile ukuqeda izici ezithinta ukubambezeleka koqweqwe akhiqize inhlanzeko ngokuyikho;
• Ikhodi 3 ubonisa esisemqoka inhlanzeko yomlomo kanye curettage, ngokuvamile kunciphisa ukuvuvukala ephaketheni ukujula Sehlile amagugu ezincane noma elingana no-3 mm;
• 4 izindlela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ezanele mucosal inhlanzeko yomlomo, kanye curettage ezijulile. Kulokhu ukwelashwa kuhlangene.

PMA

Ngakho, siyaqhubeka ku ukuthola lokho Inkomba impilo. alveolar-papillary-abekelwe emaceleni Inkomba (PMA) luyasetshenziswa ukuthola kobukhulu gingivitis. Kunezinhlobo eziningana lesi sibalo, kodwa kubhekwa isici esivamile kakhulu PMA Parma ukuguqulwa. Ukuba khona amazinyo (kuyilapho ukugcina ubunye dentition) eqoshiwe ngokuhambisana yobudala eyi-15 nangaphezulu - 30 namazinyo, eminyakeni 6-11 - 24 12-14 - 28. Ngokuvamile, Coefficient PMA zero.

Ukunakekela Wezingane

Uyini Inkomba Fedorov-Volodkina? Yisebenzise ukunquma ukuthi isiguli iwashi omuhle phezu amazinyo akhe. Le nkomba kufanele zisetshenziselwe ukuhlola isimo umlomo ezineminyaka engaba 5-6. Ukuze usungule isifundo sakhe ubuso labial amazinyo eziyisithupha.

With izixazululo ekhethekile namazinyo namabala sibukeze khona koqweqwe kubo. Ukunqunywa sub- futhi supragingival itshe dantistskogo kusetshenziswa iphenywe. Ukubalwa Coefficient isamba izinombolo etholwe for element ngayinye ngenani division izindiza wafunda, kulandele alo amagugu kokubili.

kuyinsakavukela

manje Fedorov-Volodkina Inkomba (1968) futhi lisetshenziswa ezweni lethu.

Okokuqala, isixazululo potassium-iodide iodine zigcwele lip kobuso namazinyo eziyisithupha phambi aphansi. Inkomba yokuhlanzeka kunqunywa kusukela ukushuba umbala okuholela, khona-ke nohlolwe indlela emihlanu-phuzu, futhi ibalwe ifomula Kcp = (ΣKu) / n, lapho:

• I-DAC - jikelele yokuhlanzeka yokuhlanza isilinganiso;
• Ku - enempilo uhlanzekile izinga elilodwa ngezinyo;
• n - sesibalo samazinyo.

Colorization kulo indiza ye umqhele 5 amaphuzu; 3/4 - 4; 1/2 - 3; 1/4 - 2 amaphuzu; yokuntuleka umbala - 1. ngesilinganiso evamile enempilo kumele singeqi 1.

PHP

Futhi ziyini indices esingcono kunazo zonke sempilo ngomlomo? Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu ezivamile iyisici kahle (PHP). Isiko esiphelele koqweqwe ngesineke namazinyo eziyisithupha. Inkomba ibalwa nangokunquma ikhodi ngezinyo ngalinye efingqa amakhodi for indawo ngayinye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke amakhodi amazinyo zihlolwe kungezwa isamba okuholela ihlukaniswe ngenani amazinyo.

I tebuciko ingxenye

Inkomba impilo is ezisetshenziswa by odokotela bamazinyo. osetshenziswayo yobuhle bite zamazinyo inkomba ukunquma isimo. It elungisa isikhundla emazinyweni isakhiwo bite e yokusetshenziswa, sagittal futhi izinkomba mpo. Isetshenziselwa ne eneminyaka engu-12 ubudala.

ukuhlolwa

Futhi ziyini imiphumela ukusebenza ukuhlola ngihlolwa at udokotela wamazinyo? Kuyaziwa ukuthi ucwaningo olunzulu izakhamizi kusikisela indlela yabo impilo siqukethe ukuhlinzeka izimo nentuthuko yabo ephelele emzimbeni, nokuvinjelwa kwezifo ngokwenza yokuhlanzeka efanele, imisebenzi prophylactic, zokwelapha kanye nesakhiwonchanti setenhlalo.

Inhloso ukuqinisa luhlolo emitholampilo kulondolozwe impilo yomphakathi, okwandisa ubude bokuphila kwabo.

ngihlolwa senzelwe ukuba baxazulule izinkinga ezinjalo:

• Ukubuyekeza yaminyaka yonke impilo yomuntu;
• ukuqapha olunzulu iziguli;
• ulwa imikhuba emibi, ezinqala ekutholeni nokuqeda izimbangela kwamazinyo;
• ukuziphatha okusebenzayo futhi ngesikhathi esifanele izinyathelo zokuzithokozisa kanye ezelaphayo;
• ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kanye nekhwalithi medical aid ukuthi labantu ngomsebenzi ngokulandelana futhi oxhumene zonke izinhlobo izikhungo, ezinkulu iqhaza odokotela ukuzibonakalisa ezahlukene, ukwethulwa technical support, amafomu amasha wokwakha ubunye, ukudalwa izinhlelo mechanical ukuhlolwa labavoti ukuthuthukiswa izinhlelo ezikhethekile.

Ukubuka izingane

Ibala Inkomba Green-Vermillion, odokotela ungakha iqembu Dispensary okwashiwo izingane:

• Iqembu 1 - izingane abangenalo zokugula;
• iqembu 2nd - eqinisweni, izingane obuhle umlando yisiphi isifo esingamahlalakhona noma sibi akuphazamisi umsebenzi izitho ezibalulekile;
• iqembu Okwesithathu - izingane abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona esinokulinganisela, sub- futhi decompensated inkambo yabo.

Lapho efeza lo wamazinyo Luhlolo izingane ukugubha lwaluyoba nezigaba ezintathu:

• Esigabeni sokuqala, ukuhlola kwenziwa ingane ukubhalisa ngamunye, kokuxilongwa ezengeziwe esibhedlela, bese unquma ukuthi uyafaneleka iqembu sinenkonzo yokunakekela iziguli emakhaya observation, ukulinganisa ngokukhuthazela ngengane ngayinye selisho phambili ekuhlolweni.
• Esesibili - akuxhomekile ezakhiwe amaqembu curation esimisiwe izimo olulodwa ukwehlukaniswa izigaba futhi ucwaningo okuqhubekayo, kulingana ngokweqashiso, phakathi iziguli Dispensary ngodokotela, kudingeka wanelisekile okwaxoxwa inpatient eziphuthumayo kanye nokwelashwa sinenkonzo yokunakekela iziguli emakhaya.
• Ngekhulu lesithathu - odokotela iqophe izikhathi kanye nohlobo ukubhekwa asebenzayo ngengane ngayinye, izilinganiso ezifanele zokuxilonga nokwelapha, ngokuhambisana ushintsho isimo sezempilo, nokuhlola ukusebenza eyalandela.

Lokubaluleke kakhulu iyona inhlangano umsebenzi zokufundisa nokuvinjelwa kwezifo zamazinyo izingane ukudalwa ugqozi ekunakekeleni amazinyo ke entsha.

ukuhlolwa abakhulelwe

Ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela esiphezulu e nokuvinjelwa kwezifo zamazinyo, kudinga nokudidiyela kwamazinyo nezifo zabesifazane, futhi abesifazane izivivinyo impilo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ehhovisi yamazinyo, odokotela kwenziwe:

• ukukhucululwa kwendle we ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo;
• usizo ukukhethwa izindlela eziyisisekelo futhi ezengeziwe kwenhlanzeko, ukuphathwa ukuqeqeshwa ukunakekelwa ngomlomo;
• ezempilo;
• remineralizing yokwelapha kwandisa ukumelana koqweqwe lwawo kwamazinyo.

caries Prevention

Definition of Green-Vermillion Inkomba linendima ebalulekile ekugwemeni izifo namazinyo omama abakhulelwe, esiklanyelwe ukufeza imigomo emibili: ekuvimbeleni ukukhumuzeka caries e izingane utero kanye nokuthuthukisa isimo zamazinyo abesifazane.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi impilo kamama kuthinta inqubo obeka ingane namazinyo eqala ku-amasonto 6-7 esesibelethweni. Odokotela sinqume ukuthi e pathologies ezehlukene fetus siyehla ezilamatshe aligugu we koqweqwe lwawo kwamazinyo futhi ngezinye izikhathi uyama at the stage of calcification eyinhloko. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka kwangemva kokubeletha, ke ingaqhutshezwa, kodwa hhayi ukufinyelela ezingeni elivamile.

Owesifazane kakade kusaqalwa sokukhulelwa eziwohlokayo zamazinyo kwezicubu kanzima futhi periodontal ngenxa esibi ngezinyathelo zenhlanzeko okwakufanele ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Yingakho-ke kudingeka ukuba afeze izinyathelo zokuvimbela nje ingane engazalwanga. Odokotela ukweluleka abesifazane ukuba banamathele imodi efanele emsebenzini kanye nokuphumula, sijime futhi ungcono umsoco Vitamin.

odontolith

Ebusweni izinyo ozwelayo amathonya ahlukahlukene. Kumiswa It is concretions ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• ukwephulwa inqubo ukuhlafuna;
• umkhuba wokushaya snacking kanye ukusetshenziswa kwe-nani elihlaba umxhwele iziphuzo carbonated kanye carbohydrate;
• reception ukudla ikakhulukazi ezithambile;
• izifo kwezitho zangaphakathi;
• ukubhema nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala.

Ngo ukwakheka walo, phezu-futhi subgingival amatshe komunye nomunye kuyiwa. Esikhathini sokuqala oqavile-calcium carbonate, magnesium calcium-phosphate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima kakhulu. Kumiswa wesibili kusukela qwembe lezinyo, iqukethe semali izinsalela zokudla, amaseli EPITHELIAL, isikhwehlela, ama-bacterium ezihambisana ngamathe viscous.

Uyini ahlanzayo ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo? Ngalo ukuvimbela ukwakheka concretions. Odokotela batusa uvakashelwa njalo zamazinyo zisebenzisa Floss yamazinyo, emuthini wokuxubha abese nasici eliphezulu emabhulashini. Kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa asikiweko futhi rinses ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo.

ulimi

Futhi manje sibheke indlela ahlanzekile nolimi. Uma lokhu umzimba akuyona kokuseshwa - uhlelo wakho wokugaya ukudla okunempilo. Kusukela ezinsukwini uHippocrates odokotela ebuzwa isiguli ukukhombisa ulimi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kusukela umzimba ngokusebenzisa ubuso bayo axoshwe lemali umxhwele slag. Uma ulimi buthelela bacterium, bona zibe nobuthi.

Kuleli umzimba has papillae eziningi, namabhampa imigodi, kuhlanganise ezinhlayiyeni ezincane kucwila amalungiselelo. Yingakho ulimi wukugxiliswa amagciwane. Iyathwalwa ngamathe on the amazinyo, futhi eminye ivela umoya ezinjengendle - halitosis.

Uma umuntu njalo ehlanza ulimi, ukufinyelela ukutheleleka emzimbeni wakhe inkimbinkimbi, nozwela ukunambitheka receptor inyuka, kuvimbela gingivitis, wokugaya ukudla ipheshana sifo, isifo periodontal, ukubola kwamazinyo.

Lokhu umzimba kudingeka zizifunele zonke, ikakhulukazi ababhemayo nalabo abangamaqembu anolimi "womhlaba", phezu kobuso okuyizinto emphethweni ezijulile futhi imisele.

Ukunakekela ulimi kwenziwe amazinyo ngemva ukugeza umlomo vypoloschen. Okokuqala, amabhaktheriya ziyasuswa libhubhisa izinyathelo (kusuka base enika) ngakolunye uhlangothi lwale umzimba bese kuze kube komunye. Khona-ke, ezweni ulimi ubambe ibhulashi 3-4 izikhathi, wagqoka pasta wakhe futhi ngobumnene zizifunele umzimba kusukela empandeni kuya onqenqemeni. Okulandelayo udinga Hlambulula umlomo wakho, ukusebenzisa gel futhi ukuyimela imizuzu 2. Phela lezi manipulations kungenziwa zakhukhula ngamanzi.

Ukuhlanza ulimi iyisici esibalulekile lokunakekela. Ukuphungula qwembe isikhwehlela, izinsalela zokudla, ezithinta ebusweni ngezinyo, kangcono bushelelezi ekhethekile noma shayela (kungaba soft). Disinfectant gel imali kwi groomer, igcwalisa izikhala phakathi papillae filamentous. Phakathi liquefaction, ngenkuthalo kudedela mpilo, has a umsebenzi anamandla elwa namagciwane ku microflora anaerobic we ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Uma ngezikhathi enze le nqubo, ukwakheka qwembe zamazinyo kuyehla 33%.

Mouthrinse

Iziguli eziningi umbuze: "Yini ukuba Hlambulula umlomo wakho," Uma une izinsini abavusa ingasetshenziswa elwa namagciwane (isinqandakuvunda) kanye ukuvuvukala. izidakamizwa Antiseptic isinyathelo amabhaktheriya ezibangela suppuration. izidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala cishe akukho ukusebenza ngomhla ka-virus, kodwa bakwazi kancane lesi sifo sika.

Ngakho-ke yini ukuba Hlambulula umlomo wakho uma abavusa izinsini? Odokotela batusa:

• Uma periodontitis noma gingvite zisebenzisa zombili izinhlobo izimali, nakuba elwa namagciwane zizosebenza ngaphezulu.
• Lapho ukuvuvukala izinyo imithombo akude kudingeka ukusebenzisa ejenti isinqandakuvunda, isibonelo, "Chlorhexidine".

Uma ngaphambi kokuba kudliwe uyohlale bageze izandla, bese - ukuhlanza amazinyo nolimi, uzonikezwa ukumamatheka elikhazimulayo iminyaka eminingi ezayo.