Eziphilayo Autotrophic: izici kwesakhiwo kanye nokusebenza

eziphilayo Autotrophic bayakwazi ngokuzimela ukukhiqiza amandla ngoba zonke izinqubo zokuphila. Njengoba befeza lezi zinguquko? Yiziphi izimo ezidingekayo ukuze lokhu? Ake sithole ukuthi kwakungani.

autotrophs

Lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi Greek "okuzenzekelayo" kusho "self" futhi "trofos" - "ukudla". Ngamanye amazwi, izinto eziphilayo Autotrophic athola amandla kusuka yezinqubo zamakhemikhali ezenzeka emizimbeni yazo. Ngokungafani heterotrophs abazondla izinto ngomumo kuphela organic.

Iningi abameleli emhlabeni organic uphakathi kwabantu abangenalo leli lesibili. Izilwane, isikhunta, amagciwane kakhulu kukhona heterotrophs. Plant eziphilayo ukukhiqiza udaba eziphilayo bebodwa. Ama-virus futhi umbuso ahlukene ngokwemvelo. Kodwa kuzo zonke izici eziphilayo, zingabantu nje siyakwazi nokuzala zazo siqu nangokusebenzisa self-inhlangano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba ngaphandle umzimba aphethe, amagciwane akunangozi ngokuphelele futhi ungabonisi zimpawu zokuphila.

izitshalo

eziphilayo Autotrophic ngokuyinhloko zemifino. Lena main esiwuphawu sici yabo. izinto eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi i-glucose monosaccharide, akha e inqubo ye-photosynthesis. Senzeka plant cells, e organelles ezikhethekile ngokuthi chloroplast. Lokhu plastids dvumembrannye equkethe sombala oluhlaza. izimo photosynthesis ukugeleza nazo khona kwelanga, amanzi nesikhutha.

Ingqikithi ye-photosynthesis

Carbon dioxide ingena amaseli oluhlaza nge ukwakheka ekhethekile - stomata. Zakhiwa enezinto ezimbili okuyinto zivulwa sokufeza le nqubo. Therethrough kanye negesi lokushintshisana senzeka: i dioxide carbon ingena iseli nomoya-mpilo eyenziwe i-photosynthesis, - imvelo. Ngaphandle igesi, okuyisigaba sokuqala ukuphila, izitshalo zibe glucose. Basebenzisa ke njengoba umkhiqizo ukudla inqubo wokukhula nokuthuthuka.

Kanyekanye inqubo ye-photosynthesis, izitshalo njalo ukuphefumula. Njengoba lezi zinhlelo amabili aphikisanayo kungenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa? Kulula. Inqubo emishinini yokuphefumula lingaphansi okukhulu kuka-photosynthesis. Ngakho-ke, izitshalo ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana umoya-mpilo angaphezu kuka-carbon dioxide. Nokho, isikhathi eside endlini emnyama eningi izitshalo, ukuphefumula kuba nzima. Iqiniso lokuthi, umoyampilo uzokwehla ne-carbon dioxide, kunalokho, ukwandisa.

Ngokuvamile, photosynthesis eziphilayo abe ukubaluleka kwamaplanethi. Siyabonga kubo, kukhona ukuphila kule mbulunga enguMhlaba. Futhi lokhu akuyona rant. Phela, impilo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle oksijini.

amagciwane

eziphilayo Autotrophic namagciwane ukuphi. Futhi akusiwona mayelana ulwelwe oluluhlaza, amaseli eliqukethe oluhlaza sombala i-chlorophyll.

Kukhona iqembu elikhethekile eziphilayo - chemotroph. Bona ninamathele compounds eziyinkimbinkimbi organic lelula, okungase zimuncwe yizimila. Lapho kubhujiswa izibopho zamakhemikhali lwabelwe ethile namandla chemotroph esetshenziswa ukuze baphile. Lezi zihlanganisa i-nitrogen, yensimbi nesibabule amagciwane. Ngokwesibonelo, la magciwane oxidize ammonia ukuba nitrite - nosawoti of nitric acid, ekhuthaza sulphur - ukuba nosawoti of sulfuric acid, sulfate.

Kodwa ngokuvamile atholakala phakathi amagciwane zinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo heterotrophic - saprotrophs. Ukuze uthole amandla basebenzisa izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo efile noma imikhiqizo yabo umzimba. Lokhu elibi amagciwane kanye ukuvutshelwa.

Abathandwayo Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokwemvelo azikho izinto amagciwane ayikwazanga zahlukana.

eziphilayo Autotrophic akuzona njalo uyakwazi ukwakha organic compounds. Isikhathi esining impela ngokwesimo izimo zokuphila eziphilayo ziyahlukahluka. Khona-ke, lezi zinhlelo ukuba ngeke sisaba nempumelelo. Autotrophs e inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo ingashintshwa ukuze lokhu ngendlela yabo. Ngokwesibonelo, owumphumela isilwane euglena oluhlaza ngesikhathi ezingezinhle okwazi sesilungele ukudliwa izinto eziphilayo. Futhi lapho izimo zokuphila kukhona kwesejwayelekile, ke iphindela-photosynthesis. eziphilayo maKristu abizwa mixotrophy.

eziphilayo Autotrophic zidlala indima ebalulekile emvelweni, ukuhlinzeka izimo zaba khona zonke ezinye imibuso nemvelo.