Oxide acid. Chemical futhi Izakhiwo

Oxide acid - ebuthaka monobasic acid, okungaba khona kuphela izixazululo alulaze aqueous okwesibhakabhaka ngesimo igesi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi usawoti nitrite noma nitrite. Ziyakwazi ezinobuthi futhi uzinze ngokwengeziwe ukwedlula acid uqobo. Ifomula amakhemikhali le nto imi kanje: HNO2.

Izakhiwo:
1. mass izinyo lomhlathi kuyinto 47 g / Mol.
2. isihlobo Isisindo yamangqamuzana kuyinto 27 amu
3. Wugqinsi kuyinto 1.6.
4. lokuncibilika kuyinto 42 degrees.
5. abilayo kuyinto 158 degrees.

izakhiwo Chemical of oxide acid

1. Uma isixazululo acid oxide ukufuthelana, kuzoba ukusabela chemical ezilandelayo:
3HNO2 (oxide acid) = HNO3 (nitric acid) + 2NO (nitric oxide ikhishwe negesi) + H2O (amanzi)

2. isixazululo aqueous dissociates futhi bashiya kalula kusukela nosawoti of acid namandla:
H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) + 2NaNO2 (i-sodium nitrite) = Na2SO4 (i-sodium sulphate) + 2HNO2 (oxide acid)

3. lodaba singaba kokubili i oxidizing futhi izakhiwo ukunciphisa. Lapho kuvezwa eqinile oxidizing ejenti (isibonelo, chlorine, i-hydrogen peroxide H2O2, potassium permanganate) is oxidized ukuba nitric acid (kwezinye izimo kumiswa nitric acid nosawoti):

Ukunciphisa izakhiwo:

HNO2 (oxide acid) + H2O2 (i-hydrogen peroxide) = HNO3 (nitric acid) + H2O (amanzi)
HNO2 + Cl2 (chlorine) + H2O (amanzi) = HNO3 (nitric acid) + 2HCl (hydrochloric acid)
5HNO2 (oxide acid) + 2HMnO4 = 2Mn (NO3) 2 (manganese nitrate, nitric usawoti acid) + HNO3 (nitric acid) + 3H2O (amanzi)

izakhiwo oxidizing:

2HNO2 (oxide acid) + 2HI = 2NO (i-oksijini oxide, endaweni igesi) + I2 (iodine) + 2H2O (amanzi)

Ulungiselela nitrite

Le into ingatholakala ngezindlela eziningana:

1. Lapho ziyoncibilika nitric oxide (III) emanzini:

N2O3 (nitrogen oxide) + H2O (amanzi) = 2HNO3 (oxide acid)

2. Lapho ziyoncibilika nitric oxide (IV) emanzini:
2NO3 (nitrogen oxide) + H2O (amanzi) = HNO3 (nitric acid) + HNO2 (oxide acid)

Sebenzisa of oxide acid:
- diazotizing ama elimnandi eyinhloko;
- ukukhiqizwa diazonium nosawoti;
- e synthesis organic compounds (isib ukwenziwa udayi organic).

Ukuchayeka oxide acid emzimbeni

Ingqikithi kuyinto anobuthi, kunomphumela elikhanyayo mutagenic, njengoba ngokuyisisekelo kuyinto ejenti deaminated.

Uyini nitrites

Nitrite - kukhona nosawoti ezihlukahlukene oxide acid. K okushisa kukhona okuncane kuka nitrate. Kudingeka enkulu ekwakhekeni ezinye nodayi. Kusetshenziswa imithi.

Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu atholwe sodium nitrite. Le into ine NaNO2 ifomula. It usetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukubola kokudla embonini yezokudla enkulu ekwakhekeni imikhiqizo ephuma inhlanzi nenyama. Kuyinto luyibhuqu lwezinyawo omhlophe emsulwa noma kancane aphuzi. Sodium nitrite hygroscopic (ngaphandle ukuhlanzwa sodium nitrite) futhi wavala kahle H2O (amanzi). Emoyeni uyakwazi kancane kancane oxidize sodium nitrate, has a izakhiwo eziqinile ukunciphisa.

Sodium nitrite isetshenziswa:
- chemical zamagama: ukuthola compounds diazo Amine ukwenza kungasebenzi ngokweqile sodium azide ukukhiqiza umoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen oxide, sodium ne-sodium, ngoba ukumuncwa kwe-carbon dioxide;
- Ukukhiqizwa kokudla (ukudla okufakiwe E250) njengenhlangano antioxidant futhi umenzeli elwa namagciwane;
- Ukwakhiwa: njengoba emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni okufakiwe kuze izakhiwo zikakhonkolo enkulu ekwakhekeni imikhiqizo wokwakha, futhi synthesis organic compounds njengoba asemkhathini ukugqwala inhibitor, enkulu ekwakhekeni rubbers, poppers, isixazululo izithasiselo yini iziqhumane; lapho metal iphathwa ukususa ungqimba ithini i phosphating;
- ezithombeni: njengoba i antioxidant futhi reagent;
- eziphilayo futhi imithi: a vasodilator, antispasmodic, laxative, bronchodilator; kuyindlela yokuvimbela ushevu isilwane noma cyanides womuntu.

Manje futhi isetshenziswe ezinye nosawoti of oxide acid (isib, i-potassium nitrite).