Ezidabukisayo: indawo, umsebenzi, ukuhlulwa

Wonke umuntu esikoleni uyazi mayelana ngazimbili 12 izinzwa cranial. Bona abanezikhundla ukhiye ekusebenzeni isimiso sezinzwa. Noma yikuphi ukuphula emsebenzini wabo kufaka esephule umtimba. Ngakho ezidabukisayo kungokwalabo pair lesine.

Indawo ebuchosheni

Kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi yini nalapho kungekho amalungiselelo yokwakheka. Ngakho-ke, incazelo eningiliziwe ukufunda emsipheni indawo. Ngakho, umbhangqwana wesine nguye kuphela ukuthi uya ngemuva stem ingqondo. Ezingeni amagquma engezansi ubuchopho obuphakathi esophahleni core block emsipheni. Uma ubheka towards phambi, ukuthi akuphi phambili the ephakathi grey ndaba. Mayelana nuclei we oculomotor emsipheni nucleus ezinzwa block elise ngaphansi.

Trochlear ezinzwa chiasm lwakha grey ipuleti libizwa useyili cerebral okuyinto yakha ventricle isivalo. Ngemva emsipheni akube kusakhulunywa ngokusebenzisa ubuchopho obuphakathi phansi kwamagquma aphansi. Njalo ezimbalwa uya emhlabeni stem ubuchopho kuthabathela ecaleni. Kukhona ezinzwa block ingena phakathi igebe phakathi Lobe yesikhashana kanye nobuchopho stem ingqondo. Ngemva kokuthutha kuqhubeke, waphila lingena Mater Dura odongeni elingaphandle itheku cavernous. Lapho, ngokusebenzisa engenhla ZaseLaki esemkhathini ifinyelela orbit futhi uya aphakeme imisipha etshekile esweni.

Ezidabukisayo: umsebenzi, ukuxhumana nabanye namabhuzu nezinzwa

Injongo eyinhloko yawo umbhangqwana wesine nezinzwa cranial - ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba iso phambili bese phansi. Ngokuvamile inhlamvu yeso has izimbazo amaningi ujikeleza. Linani selilonkhe lebantfu labange imisipha ayisithupha abahilelekile. ukuhlukanisa Ngakho amehlo ujike emathempelini, ekhaleni, ephakamisa uphinde wehlise phansi. Isici esibalulekile salo ehlweni lomuntu - ukunyakaza ngokuhlanganyela, njengoba hhayi abantu evamile ungabona amehlo bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene. Ngakho, oculomotor, trochlear futhi abducens kufakwe iqembu ingqikithi oculomotor izinzwa. ukwehluleka anoma yiliphi iqembu kungukuphula umsebenzi ezibukwayo. Ngakho, nathi singakwethemba iziphetho ezilandelayo:

• angawodwa iso ukunyakaza akunakwenzeka;
• Bobabili amehlo ukuhambisa ngesikhathi esifanayo;
• njalo kunciphisa pair of imisipha iso.

Izindlela cwaningo

Ukuze lithole ukuthi lezi imisebenzi noma ukuthi pair of izinzwa cranial, odokotela basebenzisa izindlela olukhethekile uphenyo ngendlela efanele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uhlole ukuze ubone ukuthi umuntu has umbono double. Uhlolisisa ububanzi palpebral emifantwini, usayizi umfundi, isikhundla yeso. cwaningo Okubalulekile zokuxilonga - ukusabela Umfundi ukukhanyisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isiguli uyabuzwa ukuvala amehlo akhe ngezandla zakhe, wazifaka kude ngokucijile zibuka ukukhanya. Ukuze ukufunda tekuhlangana ezivamile isando esetshenziswa iso. eduze Its kwebhuloho, kokuhlola tekuhlangana apula. Indawo ihlolwe ngisho kulula: isiguli evala iso, yesibili ibukeka ekuqaleni oku into ezikude, bese ukuvala.

Ukunqotshwa kwe-block emsipheni: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

Njengoba umsebenzi oyinhloko umbhangqwana wesine nezinzwa cranial - motor, futhi owokuqala main uphawu - ukukhubazeka. A ukuphambuka inhlamvu yeso upwardly futhi ngaphakathi. Lokhu kubonakala ngokucacile lapho isiguli isitebhisi. Olunye uphawu - umbono double, njengoba ayisahambsani amabutho kuphrojekthi isithombe izingxenye ezahlukene retina.

Lapho kunqotshwa emsipheni oculomotor siyenzeka isithombe esilandelayo: iso asibahambeli, umfundi akasabeli ukukhanya. Uma lokhu kwenzeka kokubili amehlo, khona-ke sikwazi ukukhuluma kokunqotshwa emsipheni nuclei.

Ngokuvamile -ke is phetho ukuthuthukiswa izifo ezifana neurosyphilis, meningitis, kuwuphawu useshonile, thrombosis, nabanye. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba aphathe iyimbangela ukuqeda isimo.

Kuze kube manje, azikho izindlela eziphumelelayo nokwelashwa oculomotor izinzwa. Ngokusho idatha bekulokhu ngempumelelo isicelo Physiotherapy, ethile yayo kuphela - umphumela ingasheshi noma ukungezwakali kwawo. Ukuze ezidabukisayo futhi yaqala ukusebenza, wayevame ukusebenzisa ukushukuma kagesi.

Kunoma ikuphi, ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngudokotela. Lapho cranial ezinzwa ngazimbili kungcono ukusebenzisa indlela ihlanganiswe ezihilela amasu amaningana. Kubalulekile ukuqala inqubo isifo, nokuthuthukiswa ukulimala kwenzwa ngeke cores, okuyinto kunciphisa amathuba yokutakula kakhulu.