Eyokuqala isivinini cosmic

On umzimba, okuyinto ihamba umhlaba, Kukhona amandla eyodwa kuphela - lena amandla adonsela phansi kakhulu kule planethi yethu. Into kulokhu izoya Ukuboshelwa futhi neravnouskorenno. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukusheshisa nesivinini kuleli cala, ngeke ukwanelisa izimo umfaniswano / ezinyakazayo nombala yashesha nge isiqondiso njalo futhi ubukhulu bale Isivinini / ukushesha. Lezi zithwala ezimbili (velocity ukusheshisa) njengoba ihamba ngaphakathi wo orbit kuyoba sonke isikhathi sokushintsha indlela. Ngakho-ke, inhlangano enjalo ngezinye izikhathi okuthiwa ukunyakaza ngejubane njalo kanye uzungeza emzileni isiyingi,

Isikhala lokuqala - ijubane ukuthi udinga ukunikeza umzimba ukuze ulwenze uzungeza emzileni isiyingi. Kulokhu, ukuthi kuyoba njani lo satellite yokufakelwa Zomhlaba. Ngamanye amazwi, isikhala sokuqala - isivinini, ukufinyelela ukuthi umzimba ezihambayo ngenhla surface eMhlabeni, ngeke kuwele phezu kwalo, uzoqhubeka ethinta eduze orbit.

Ukuze kube lula izibalo esingazicabangela bale nhlangano njengoba ezenzeka luhlaka-non-inertial reference. Khona-ke umzimba uzungeza emzileni kungenziwa ubhekwa njengomdala kunalona esimweni ukuphumula, njengoba ezosebenza ezimbili zamabutho: i centrifugal namandla adonsela phansi. Ngenxa yalokho, owokuqala Isivinini cosmic izobalwa esekelwe kokucubungula ukulingana awo acekela ezimbili.

Kulinganiselwa ngokuvumelana ifomula ezithile, okuyinto uyakucabangela mass, umzimba mass kule planethi, njalo okudonsa izinto. Uma kufakwa amagugu eyaziwa ibe ifomula ezithile yilezi: the velocity yokuphunyuka - 7.9 amakhilomitha ngomzuzwana.

Futhi isikhala kuqala kukhona ijubane wesibili nowesithathu. Ngamunye the velocity Isikhala ibalwe amafomula ezithile, futhi bechaza ngokwenyama njengoba ijubane noma yimuphi umzimba eyehlayo ebusweni iplanethi enguMhlaba, mhlawumbe satellite yokufakelwa (lokhu kwenzeka lapho kuqala isikhala Isivinini) noma akube kusakhulunywa ensimini eMhlabeni okudonsa (lokhu kwenzeka lapho yesibili isikhala Isivinini), noma uye kude isimiso sethu sikanozungezilanga, zokunqoba Luhambo kwelanga (lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi lwesithathu isikhala Isivinini).

Mkhathi ukuthayipha isivinini elilingana 11.18 km ngomzuzwana (isikhala wesibili) ingandiza maqondana amaplanethi esimisweni sonozungezilanga: Venus, Mars, Mercury, i-Saturn, i-Jupiter, Neptune, Uranus. Kodwa ukufinyelela noma yisiphi sazo, udinga ukuba acabangele ukunyakaza kwabo.

Ngaphambili, abacwaningi wayekholelwa ukuthi ukunyakaza amaplanethi kwenzeka nombala kanye selilonke. Futhi Kepler kuphela esungulwe ifomu samanje zazo zingaphazami kanye nomthetho obusa isivinini ushintsho kwezindikimba zasezulwini njengoba lizungeza ilanga.

Umqondo isikhala Isivinini (lokuqala, lesibili noma lesithathu) isetshenziselwa ekubalweni umzimba motion e yokufakelwa ensimini okudonsa kwanoma iyiphi iplanethi, satellite zemvelo noma wakhe, kanye nelanga. Ngakho kungenzeka ukunquma ijubane isikhala, isibonelo, the Moon, Venus, Mercury nezinye izindikimba zasezulwini. Lezi amazinga kufanele ibalwe usebenzisa amafomula ukuthi inake kunobukhulu bendawo nendikimba ethile esemkhathini, amandla adonsela phansi okumele unqobe

Isikhala lwesithathu linganquma esekelwe isimo ukuthi mkhathi kumele kube isihlobo weLanga trajectory parabolic. Kuze kube yimanje ngesikhathi kwethulwa kusukela komhlaba kanye ezingeni ukuphakama mayelana amabili namashumi angu ijubane layo uma igijima ungakwazi ukukwenza kufanele kulingane cishe 16,6 amakhilomitha ngomzuzwana.

Ngenxa yalokho, velocity isikhala ingabalwa nezalo evele of eminye imihlaba iziphuphutheki. Ngokwesibonelo, i-isikhala lokuqala luyobe 1,68 amakhilomitha ngomzuzwana, kanti eyesibili - 2.38 amakhilomitha ngomzuzwana. I velocity yokuphunyuka Mars kanye Venus, ngokulandelana, kuyinto 5.0 amakhilomitha ngomzuzwana futhi 10.4 amakhilomitha ngomzuzwana.