Engadini Violet: zokutshala nokunakekela

imbali uPansy, ngendlela yesayensi - Garden violet, kuyigugu zonke ngadi, lapho watshala. Ukunakekela lesi sitshalo ilula futhi kufinyeleleke kunoma tsvetovodnom icala lutho. Futhi iyini ukuhlukahluka imibala kanye shades! Kwakuvamise ukuba luvame kuphela Lilac mpungana esikalini, kungakho igama. Modern engadini violets zezimbali umbhede imbali kapende obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noboya obudaywe baba nsomi, ophuzi, pink, olintshi ngisho ezimhlophe. Uma ufuna ukungenzela okuthile okukhethekile, ama-velvet amacembe abamnyama ncamashi amehlo.

Hlobo luni isitshalo - violet?

Igama le mbali livela ubudala "viola" Roman futhi lalisetshenziswa emibhalweni uPliny futhi Virgil. Violet engadini, izithombe izinhlobo zazo okwethulwa kulesi sihloko - iyona endala izitshalo horticultural. zeminyaka yakhe emibili eyedlule, amaRoma namaGreki elisetshenziswa amagoda ezimbali ukuhlobisa izakhiwo.

Ekupheleni nesishiyagalombili isazi sezitshalo sekhulu ezivela eRussia P. S. uPallas, ukuthi watadisha Altai flora, alethwe Petersburg ngokokuqala le mbali kusukela Altai.

Violet - umuntu aluhlaza, ababili noma Ezikhula iminyaka eminingi. Amahlamvu ahlelwe umugqa noma uya prikornevischnuyu yokuxhuma. Izimbali olulodwa, iphimbo engenhla ezincane kunalena ephansi, abe yayifanekisela nomxhantela uphondo noma esikhwameni emise ngasesinqeni. Isithelo violets - capsule, imbewu ukugcina ikhono likhuphukela iminyaka emibili.

Uhlobo lwe zalesi sitshalo has mayelana 500 izinhlobo baye basakaza emhlabeni wonke. Kukhona zilwane zasendle umusa.

izinhlobonhlobo violets

Abalimi abaningi amateur etshalwa emibhedeni yabo izinhlobo violets engadini, ikakhulukazi biennials noma unyaka. Isici nobuntu lezi izinhlobo ngukutsi eziqhakaza kwentwasahlobo izimbali kujule eqhweni. Ingcono abanye yalolu hlobo uye zimpande Russia uPansy.

Kodwa kukhona esinye umbono - violet engadini zisetshenziswa. Umzimba womuntu ungakwazi ngokugcwele ukuhlobisa umbhede imbali noma embhedeni iminyaka. Kodwa zisetshenziswa engadini violet injabulo bheka izimbali zawo ziwukudla baphane futhi zikanokusho kuphela entwasahlobo, ehlobo ngoba ulahlekelwe nomphumela wabo zokuhlobisa ngenxa ukwakheka bolls isethi. Le nqubo kuba njengoba abahluthula ngesikhathi esifanele wilted izimbali kuzosiza ukuthi banwebe isikhathi zezimbali. Ngokuvamile kwakhula njengoba Ezikhula iminyaka eminingi futhi violet elimnandi Viola cornuta.

violet ezingavamile

Kuyaphawuleka kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingavamile izitshalo iminyaka eminingi. Lokhu violet engadini emhlophe. Emvelweni, likhula ehlathini ezivulekile, ihlathi emaphethelweni noma ezimfundeni asemaqeleni.

Lokhu enhle isitshalo up encane ukuba 12 cm, rosette amaqabunga efana inhliziyo esingunxantathu. Izimbali abe ukunambitheka ehlukile amnandi. violet White akwazi ukwanda vegetatively noma imbewu, okuyinto zitholakala ebhokisini esibelethweni enoboya.

Violet blooms ngo-March kuya May, futhi kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-July, fruiting. Sikhula e iziketi, e-Ukraine (eTranscarpathia), kanti kwezinye izindawo eCrimea.

Inkinga nge lolu hlobo ukuthi elimhlophe violet engadini (ngenhla) iphele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuthi jika enkangala ovulekile futhi edlelweni nemithambeka, wabhubhisa Bushland, izimo zemvelo ushintsho. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi labantu violets mhlophe esezindaweni ezisemajukujukwini ke wokuwuxazulula kwezinye izindawo kunzima.

Kubuyiselwe imiphakathi violets elimhlophe ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhethekile - emasimini Botanical - futhi ngaphansi kwesivikelo.

Imibandela yokutshala

Ingadi Violet ukhetha izindawo libalele noma kancane ukubopha, okuyinto abe, inhlabathi evundile kahle akhanywa. Ngo nesomiso, lesi sitshalo udinga ayakhala, kungenjalo izimbali nezimbali zincipha zingayeka ngokuphelele.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi violet - izitshalo umswakama-onothando, abakwazi ukubekezelela umswakama ngokweqile, futhi ingasho nje abulawe uma kuncibilika iqhwa Vernal.

Lesi simila kalula ukubekezelela shading noma inzwa yokukhanya engaqinile, kodwa ukwakheka izimbali eziningi zezimbali obuningi kungenzeka kuphela ezindaweni okwanele. Ezindaweni ukuthi ziyafihleka ilanga futhi athambekele dampness, violet kungenzeka ibe ngaphansi kwegunya kulimaze slugs.

Violet ingadi imbali zisetshenziswa abatshali uya ukuzuza imiphefumulo. Mane uyiphakamise njengoba unyaka noma biennials. Ngokwengxenye enkulu lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kakhulu zikhishwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi violet neziqu, futhi izimbali ziyancipha ngosayizi. Sobala kubo bonke abantu ukuthi kuba lula futhi ngokushesha ukutshala izitshalo ezintsha.

unyaka

Uhlelo impande fibrous violets yonyaka, okungukuthi akukho impande main, kodwa kukhona rootlets enkulu amaningi amancane. Bona igcwale inethiwekhi ebanzi nje kwenhlabathi engaphezulu futhi ijulile akayi kude. Sifanamsindvo branched egatsheni ngalinye ngokuvamile kwembula ngumuntu izimbali ambalwa. Izimbali unyaka esikhulu kakhulu, kwabangu-10 cm. Engadini Lonyaka violet kuyinto zokuhlobisa ngombala ehlathini 20 cm ubude.

Ethandwa kakhulu yilezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ubudala efanayo:

1. Chalon Ephakeme - uchungechunge izinhlobo izimbali ryushevidnymi semisantimetrovymi enhle ngokubabazekayo.
2. Rose Shades - ezihlukahlukene nge ugodo pink amacembe kanye onsomi endaweni emaphakathi.
3. Cherry Pie Mix - onsomi noma amnyama maroon izimbali nge usebe emhlophe.
4. Flame - uhlobo a umbala somlilo obomvu, izungezwe piping orange.
5. Cats - i uchungechunge ezithakazelisayo izinhlobo. Libhekene ngalolo maphakathi imbali kungabonwa ukudweba, efana ngesifonyo ikati.
6. Jema - uchungechunge elakhelwe izifunda ashisayo.

izinhlobonhlobo zisetshenziswa ka violets

Violet engadini zisetshenziswa, izinhlobo ukuthi isithombe ukukhombisa ngobuhle bakhe, ivamile phakathi balimi amateur. Lezi zilwane ezilandelayo zivamile ikakhulukazi:

1. Viola odorata - violet Elimnandi. Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu enesizotha, isitshalo elimnandi kakhulu, ubude-15 cm. Ingabe ezinwabuzelayo sifanamsindvo ukuthi impande kalula, Amaqabunga izinyanda amise okwenhliziyo. Flowers kukhona cishe amasentimitha amathathu ubukhulu Kungase kube lula noma terry futhi ngokuvamile ube imibala purple noma okwesibhakabhaka. Iphunga luphakanyiswa kusihlwa.
2. Viola cornuta - Viola cornuta. Kuyinto isitshalo zisetshenziswa ka cm-8 kuya kwezingu-20 ubude. Izimbali kwalesi silwane zihlukaniswa khona sangaleso isici ohlangothini emuva. izimbali yalesi usayizi isitshalo ububanzi usuku olulodwa kuya ngamasentimitha, umbala ugxile emhlophe-oluhlaza-ephuzi ububanzi.

Ukusebenzisa insimu violets ekuklanyweni indlu

Violet engadini, betshala nokunakekela lapho abalona nobunzima, lubaluleke ukusetshenziswa ekuklanyweni izingadi alpine. Kulona kanye igquma noma flat rockeries idaliwe kusuka itshe, yena limnandi kakhulu nenhle ngenxa yobukhulu balo encane, elibuye ugcizelela idwala.

Ensimini yase-violets nazo ezisetshenziselwa umhlobiso rabatok, zezimbali kanye nemingcele. nokuzwakala ezinhle lezi zitshalo phakathi kwezihlahla notshani, emizimbeni eduze lamanzi. Zingamashumi efanelekayo okhulayo ezihlukahlukene izimbiza engadini, ezitsheni kanye kuvulandi namabhokisi. Very interesting ukubheka zonke izinhlobo kwamagoda nalezi izimbali romantic.

Excellent behave violets e inani elilinganiselwe inhlabathi - izimbiza noma izimbiza. Lesi simila - okungcono ukusetshenziswa a multi-level futhi isekela kudalwa amaqembu ezincane nezinkulu ezimbizeni.

violet Elimnandi itshalwe eduze zokuvakasha, noma phambi amafasitela esegcekeni kahle.

Garden violet in the esezithuthukiswe

Ukubukeka kwale idolobhakazi limatasa esetshenziswa violet engadini zisetshenziswa. Photo imibhede zalesi sitshalo kukhona olunothile kakhulu.

Violets ngokufanelekile kungokwalabo zom Ezikhula iminyaka eminingi herbaceous, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwabo ekuklanyweni ensembles ezisemadolobheni ayokhawula kakhulu. Ngokuyinhloko okumiswe yobukhulu bawo amancane esifushane isikhathi zezimbali. Lokhu kudalela ukukhethwa abalingani kanye nokubekwa violets ku izingoma.

Ukuze ubuhle kanye ukujula violets njalo lungaphansi amaqembu noma nezimagqabhagqabha. I afanayo abalulekile yilapho zitshalwa, kulapho kwembulwe zokuhlobisa, elimnandi, izimbali ubuhle.

Lona omunye isitshalo esiyingqayizivele kakhulu edging nezihlahla eziqhakazayo, rose ezihlabayo noma ukwakheka landscape okhaphethi, okunikeza ubuhle olunothile lace lonke Ensemble.

Futhi violet omuhle emaphethelweni imbali Imibhede mixborders noma lapho izimbali abatshalwé Umugqa wokuqala ukuze angabonwa. Nokho, uma isikhathi kwesikhathi sabo izimbali kuvumelana izimbali yesitshalo utshalwe ngemuva ngadi.

Ukutshala futhi zizalela violets

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ezihlukahlukene nezinhlobo, violets zisetshenziswa engadini, ukunakekelwa kanye zizalela zazo ngeke akunike izinkinga, bahlakazeka kahle futhi self-seeding. Ngesandla njengoba bebizwa okusakazwa cuttings, imbewu noma layering (sokuhlukanisa ehlathini):

1. Cuttings bafa kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-June. Sifanamsindvo violets zihlukaniswe emihlanu isentimitha ngezikhawu. Noma yimuphi ucezu ezinjalo ukuba ukubaleka esinamafindo ezintathu. Konke izimbali namaqabunga (udinga ukushiya amathathu) eyanyatheliswa ngalo, kanye cuttings esitshekile ezijulile emgqonyeni evundile olumanzi ukuba 1 cm. Ngemva kwenyanga kwenzeke ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele nesitshalo kungenziwa utshalwe endaweni unomphela nge ibanga phakathi sezihlahla ayi-10-30 cm.
2. Ukuze cuttings ukhethe ohlangothini stem eside futhi izimisele emhlabathini, gcizelela pin balifafaza endaweni inhlabathi. Ngemva kwenyanga, chofoza impande futhi kungenziwa ahlukaniswe.
3. Enye indlela ukuveza - sokuhlukanisa ehlathini - a viola esinezimpondo ngenxa ekhethekile, eyayizalwa kuzo zonke izinhlangothi Rhizome kusuka ezimila ehlathini abasha. isihlahla Ubude umbe wahlukanise izingxenye.

Imbewu violets

Excellent okusakazwa imbewu Violet engadini zisetshenziswa. Ukutshala nokunakekela uqale ekwindla. imbewu Fresh kutshalwe September enhlabathini, futhi eduze entwasahlobo amahlumela ukuvela.

Ukutshala imbewu uPansy zokutshala incike izimpokophelo:

1. Ukuze unyaka yisithombo sihlwanyelwa kwentwasahlobo lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ukuze +10 ° C. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela imbewu kancane inhlabathi futhi ezimboziwe pritrushivayutsya ifilimu. Emva kweviki ukuba kuhlume amahlumela. Uma izithombo kuyoba amahlamvu okungenani ezine, basuke itshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo.
2. Ukuze ukufika iminyaka emibili imbewu ezihlwanyelwe Juni yesehlukaniso ipulazi. Ngokushesha embhedeni imbali azihlwanyeli, ngakho-ke akwaziwa ukuthi bangaki uzobe amila. Uma ungenalo anyukele zonke, kuyoba khona "indawo Bald." Ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa amabhu amahlumela, ngemva ukuvela amaqabunga amabili weqiniso we izithombo dive. Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, izitshalo ezincane abatshalwé endaweni ehlala njalo nge ibanga 10-15 cm. Bona bayoqhakaza kuze kube unyaka ozayo, kodwa izimbali kuyoba ezinkulu futhi kuyoba khona ngaphezulu.

Ukunakekela violet

Ngokuvamile, viola - isitshalo undemanding. Kodwa zikhona eziningi izimo ukuthi kudingeka kucatshangelwe kulinywe yayo.

Violet babedinga kakhulu ezindaweni libalele. Kodwa ikhule ethunzini esinqunyiwe, kodwa yayo sifanamsindvo uqale ngenkuthalo yokwelula futhi ulahlekelwe ukuma izihlahlana.

Qiniseka ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuze aphuzise isitshalo: ithanda umswakama. Kodwa uma embhedeni kuhlelwe ngaba nokucindezeleka ke udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho amanzi amile.

Njalo ngemva kwamasonto athile umkhaya ukondla violets angasebenzisa noma iyiphi Umanyolo for eziqhakazayo, kodwa gwema fresh organic: banayo yokusabela sibi viola.

Izimbali ukuthi fade, kubalulekile ukuba ehlelekile anqunywe, ngakho lesi sitshalo uyobheka zezimbali eside gona.

Kushisa kakhulu, neziqu zikhule ngokushesha Viola futhi izihlahlana ilahlekelwa umphumela wawo zokuhlobisa. Ukuze ubuyele zalesi sihlahla ukuze ifomu compact, kufanele usike. Ngokusobala usike amahlumela izimbali. Neziqu kufanele ahlale ubude mayelana 8 cm. Kakade emva kwamasonto ambalwa of Viola ngeke ukuvuseleleka uzoqhubeka eziqhakaza futhi.

Abanaso uthanda engahluziwe abandayo engadini ebusika violets. Ukutshala kufanele kalula embozwe amagatsha ngesihlahla sonwele amagatsha fir noma amaqabunga esihlahleni.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Njenganoma yimuphi isitshalo engadini, violet kukhonjelwe umonakalo by izifo kanye izinambuzane. Khona-ke abakhululiwe eziyinhloko:

1. , Amaqabunga kanye efihlekile eshaya powdery isikhutha, spider livela qwembe amachashazi amnyama. Waphatha by sishaye nge ejenti antifungal.
2. Ihamba indawo yesiteleka, lesi sitshalo bome, ukutheleleka kungase kuphikelele ngisho imbewu. Kuyadingeka ukuba abhubhise futhi amba embhedeni, inqubo-chemistry.
3. Ngesisekelo stem kuba ohlabayo futhi mnyama. It blackleg. Isizathu - izitshalo uqweqwe, abahlukaniswe-ukukhanya imodi futhi umswakama. I imibhede kudingeka ukuze kuhlukaniswe, thinned futhi iphathwa ngokumelene ukhunta.
4. Izimbali yabekwa botrytis - plaque Fluffy kusukela abolile. Isizathu - ukukhanya kancane, eziningi umswakama kanye nitrogen. Ukwelashwa siqukethe thinning, umoya omncane, umquba. Futhi okwenza sidinge ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali.
5. Lesi sitshalo e noJuni abathintekayo amathrekhi clover cutworm pearl violet. Kuyadingeka ukuba fafaza ukumnika ugwayi hlorofosom lapho amacimbi abasha.