Dye Ukungena welds: izici kanye nencazelo

Ikhwalithi Welding Okunqumayo indlela okuqinile waphenduka ngokuhlanganyela. Kulokhu, uxhumano control kufanele kube non-koda, okwenza amakhosi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze zisebenze izindlela ezikhethekile ukuhlolwa. Kwezinye izimo, kuvunyelwe neluhlolo zangaphandle ngaphandle amathuluzi, kodwa endabeni izakhiwo ezibucayi akufanele kungagcini kuhlolwe ngamehlo. Kungase kube kulekelelwa udayi Ukungena welds - eyodwa yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu, elula ngokomlando sokuhlaziya compounds ezinjalo.

Izici Ezihilelekile Kule ndlela yokuqinisekisa

Le ndlela yokuhlola welds libhekisela capillary, kodwa ibheka kuphela Ukuxazulula zangaphandle. Okungukuthi, ayikuvumeli ukuba uhlole Sakhiwo sangekhatsi endaweni ehlanganyelwe, njengoba kuqhathaniswa, kwenta sibonelo, ngekuletsa ultrasonic icala ukuthola. Ngokuvamile, ukuvivinywa ngale ndlela babhekana metal, othambekele ngokuhlaziya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilawuli umbala ikuvumela ukuhlonza ngempumelelo abasafufusa ukuze ezintweni ebusweni.

Mayelana isimiso yokuqinisekisa, kusekelwe nozwela metal basebenzisane izinto penetrant anemibala. Ngokuphambene ethandwa inkolelo ukuhlaziywa njengoba ulwazi elawulwa, lisebenzisa akukho izici workpiece kwamanzi, izinguquko cuphuluza ukucasuka isakhiwo amakhemikhali. On izinqubo zamakhemikhali ukudaya penetrant wokuhlola indlela kusekelwe, okuvumela ukuba ulwazi mayelana nezinguquko futhi ophumayo ukunikeza idatha ezingaqhamuka we metal.

indlela ngokwaso njengoba enjalo kuyaqabukela esetshenziswa wedwa. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa e-jikelele test eziyinkimbinkimbi - kanye ultrasound. Okokuqala, kufanele sihlaziye umbala, futhi ukuhlolwa ke ultrasonic.

izinto ezisetshenzisiwe

Njengoba sekushiwo, wokuhlola kuqedile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali ezikhethekile. isethi Standard ngodayi penetrant kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu izingxenye: inkomba penetrant, cleanser lonjiniyela. Okungukuthi, ukulawula umbala ukuzwela icushiwe ngenxa ukwelashwa ezintathu isigaba of endaweni yokusebenza. Esigabeni ngasinye izinto ezikhethekile ezisetshenziswa.

Penetrants - eqinisweni, colorants, okungase zethulwe ngeendlela ezihlukeneko. Sebenzisa futhi amakhemikhali omile, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwawo kumelwe angafakwa futhi eyengeziwe imisebenzi, ukwelashwa ezishisayo noma ixutshwe uketshezi. penetrants Ifanele ethile udayi metal penetrant akhethiwe ezisuselwa kuzakhiwo eziningana ukusebenza. Kunakwe, ngokukhethekile, umlilo ukumelana, ubuthi kwemvelo, isidingo yokuhlanza alandelayo okuhlukile, nokunye. D.

Okudingekayo ukuze indawo yokulawula

Afeze wokuhlola ukusebenza kungenzeka kuphela ikamelo walungisa ngokukhethekile. Kubalulekile ukuba acabangele izidingo imishini yezokuxhumana isikhala emoyeni Ukucaciswa, technical support, nokunye. D. igumbi kumele umoya futhi abanalo amalangabi evulekile noma ngenxa yokushisa okukhulu. Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube jikelele kanye lendawo, eduze indawo sezibani ukuhlinzwa kumele bavikelwe ukushisa.

Kufanele ekuqaleni unakekele yokudala isimo sezulu elikhulu - kuphela izimo ezikahle kungaba kwenziwe qualitatively ukudaya penetrant. GOST 18442-80, ikakhulukazi, ibonisa ukuthi umoya kumele kube elomile efudumele - esidingekile ekuzuzeni kulezi zici kungenzeka ukusebenzisa kwe-heater lefoni esihlinzeka omiswe unjiniyela at 5 ° C. imishini yobuchwepheshe kuzoncika indlela yokusebenzisa yizici zamakhemikhali. Ikakhulukazi, kungasetshenziswa sokusebenzisa efanayo izibhamu penetrant, spray amathini, emabhulashini futhi t. D.

Lungiselela lezisekelo umphetho

ingxenye uxhumano futhi lilungiselwe ukuhlolwa imisebenzi. Uma ebusweni uzwakalise maholoholo okungcola, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa ukwaziswa okuhle futhi ukukhiqiza iphatheke kalula. Ngokulandelayo, degreasing wenziwa. Ukuze lo msebenzi, ungasebenzisa enye isethi ukuhlolwa izingxenye, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi kuhlinzekwe degreasing umphumela, futhi ngisho kangcono - ukwandisa control ukuzwela. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ngenhloso ezifana, iziketekete kodwa ungasebenzisa zikaphethiloli acetone. Uma kungekho umoya omncane in ekamelweni, degreasing wenziwa kuphela ngesisekelo izixazululo aqueous of powdery zokwenziwa kusho emakamu low. Uma uhlela ukuba ukudaya izingxenye ezincane obujwayelekile penetrant, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa futhi ukucwiliswa ngokuphelele degreasing kwengoma. Kwezinye izimo inqubo sputtering noma isayithi target, noma ukufaka isicelo ngendwangu ofakwe isixazululo.

Isicelo penetrant

Inkomba yokuqala sisetshenziswa penetrant. Njengoba esimweni degreasing, enze le nqubo kungaba by sishaye, ekushoniseni noma uxubha ukwelashwa - incike izici workpiece. Sebethule kufanele kwenziwe izingqimba amaningana (4-6) kanye ukuze ungqimba Ukwakheka ngalinye esandulele akazange abe nesikhathi ukuze ome. Futhi, ukudaya Ukungena welds yabonisa yi ngokufanele olunembile, ngamunye ungqimba lempumelelo kumele ezimboze indawo elikhulu ayengaphansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ungqimba omusha ngamunye ngeke chaza nentaba indawo langaphambilini, ukugwema ukuhwebelana ngokuzumayo nokuwohloka kwesikhumba, okungase waqonda njengoba ufa zamanga. Uma ukusebenza wenziwa khona ngaphansi kwezimo okushisa negative, ke penetrant kumelwe uqobo ube nesimo mayelana 15 ° C.

ukususwa penetrant

Ngokushesha incurring inkomba ifilimu kufanele kususwe usebenzisa indwangu ehlanzekile noma indwangu, hhayi kokuba indwangu olunzima. Oku-moisten impahla kufanele ibe utshwala ukuhlanza ebusweni ngaphambi nokuqedwa ephelele enamathela. kungadaleka izinkinga uma umsebenzi wenziwa phezu maholoholo kobuso metal - kulesi simo kunengqondo ukusebenzisa ukukhanya Abrasives. Okulandelayo, sebenzisa amafutha-upharafini ingxube. Ihlanganisa yonke target ndawo, bese futhi isuswe ngendwangu noma izicubu. Ukuze izigaba ezimbili echazwe udayi penetrant kumelwe silondoloze ukuhlanzeka nokuhleleka kome ebusweni emhlabeni weld. Kubalulekile ukugcina ukunemba okwengeziwe izinqubo zomthetho.

umqambi wohlelo

Njengoba kunjalo nge inkomba izingqimba futhi yokuhlanza izingoma, unjiniyela ibekwe ngezindlela ezihlukene - kusukela esihlakaleni kuya sprayers. Into esemqoka kulesigaba - ukuba bagcine ukufana kanye nokuqina umgwengwezi kwakhiwa. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba siyihlolisise amathuluzi spray, Imibhobho esemzimbeni nezinye izingxenye zomculo ezithinta izinga esebenzisa ukulethwa kusayithi target. Konke lokhu esikhathini esizayo kuthinte udayi ukuhlolwa penetrant, kanye ikhwalithi okwalandela ukuqinisekiswa imisebenzi. isicelo Ukulandela lonjiniyela wenziwa iphele. Ngeke nifeze elinde polymerization endle, kepha kunonophisa luhlelo ovunyelwe ukusebenzisa ephansi amandla iphuzu heater.

Ukuhlolwa kwendawo elawulwa

Lapho umthuthukisi ezomile, kungenzeka ukuba balungiselele ukuhlolwa elinde cishe 30 imizuzu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela yokulawula kuhilela ukusetshenziswa udayi penetrant ukuhlolwa isikhulisi, ukuhlinzeka okungenani ukukhuphuka 5-emhlanjini. Uma inqubo sisetshenziswa ukulawula layerwise uvivinyo lungase kwenziwe kungakapheli imizuzu 2 emva kokwelashwa ne unjiniyela.

Ekuhloleni opharetha elungisa kwesokunxele indawo izici - ikakhulukazi, ingena Ubukhulu ephephabhukwini wabuka, ukuma, njll Nokho, inkinga enkulu ebangelwa udayi penetrant, kuyinto ukuthola ubuso amaphutha okuyizinto ngokucacile azibonakali emva inqubo usuphothuliwe ... Kungatholakala futhi umonakalo mechanical nemiphumela ezonakalisayo ka iminonjana nokusasamba nge kwatheleka ngokweqile.

Ukuphepha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa

izinyathelo zokuvikeleka izidingo ngenxa ingozi yomlilo kanye nokuqhuma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Ngakho-ke okuyisilinganiso esiphansi semali edingekayo ukulungisa izingubo, ehlanganisa ingxenye ukotini ingubo, isigqoko iraba amagilavu, ebusweni okumele embozwe talc. Eqinisweni, le site kufanele ngokugcwele ngokuvumelana izinyathelo zokuphepha. Ngesikhathi inqubo, kufanele kube khona amalangabi banqunu noma Sparks. Uma ezinemibala ukuhlolwa penetrant wenziwa ngendlela ejwayelekile egumbini elilodwa, kufanele ufake i-izimpawu ezifanele evimbela ukubhema nokulandela izinyathelo abantu bavikelekile ezingozini zomlilo. Rags, usula futhi ejenti oluvuthayo kufanele agcinwe endaweni esitsheni refractory.

isiphetho

Kungaba okungalungile ukucabangela indlela yokuhlaziya izinga weld njengoba elikhulu ngokukhetha kwaso kusukela uhla ingqikithi nezinye izindlela. Le ndlela ngokukhethekile iqondiswe luhlolo, okuyinto igxile ukuhlaziya ebusweni workpiece. Okungukuthi udayi penetrant akuyona isilinganiso oluphelele lokulawula, kodwa nge kahle kuqhathaniswa okusezingeni eliphezulu inikeza ulwazi amaphutha zangaphandle. Uma le ndlela ukwelekelela nezinye izindlela ukuphenywa kokuphulwa isakhiwo sangaphakathi umthungo, ungathola ulwazi oluphelele mayelana nokwakheka metal. Landelayo kuyinto isinqumo izilungiso kungenzeka izici zale mbali. Kwezinye izimo, le ekhiqizwa Welding yesibili - ke kuzoncika inombolo bese ukubaluleka ukukhubazeka ngombono ithonya ekuqineni isakhiwo preform. Ukuxazulula Ngezinye izikhathi lolu hlobo asetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya isakhiwo ezinkulu ubudala futhi amalunga ezakhiwe esizakala ngawo.