Low-voltage izinhlelo: design, isakhiwo kanye nokugcinwa

Thina zijwayele ukuze zonke izinzuzo impucuko: ayisekho amelela ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ngokushesha kulungele embizeni ngaphandle kwamanzi, ugeze semali ilondolo, nokuhlanza, noma abantu abangashadile musa ukubukela i-TV? Ngu ezivamile wire wamanje (220 V) ihlinzekwa nathi, lapho bevumela ukuba umsebenzi evamile. Kodwa kukhona izinto zikagesi eziphezu kwamakhabethe kanye izinhlelo ukusebenza okungadingi i voltage esiphezulu. For Amadivayisi ezifana ayanikezelwa nezinye izintambo, okuyinto ndawonye abizwa ngokuthi "low-voltage izinhlelo."

Kuyini uhlelo nge okulo?

I low-voltage izinhlelo ezikhona, okuyinto isabizwa ngegama kolwazi, ihlinzeka ukugeleza zamanje tintfo adlulisa ulwazi oluthile kumuntu: internet, cable TV, video ukubhekwa, wefoni, zonke izinhlobo alamu, videoprovoda ezahlukene. In izinhlelo ezifana voltage imisinga uhla of volts 12 kuya 24. imisinga okunjalo futhi, ngokungafani kuya amandla, ngokuthi ulwazi.

Yini okufanele ibe izinhlelo low-voltage

Izimfuneko esiyinhloko amanethiwekhi ne zamanje ababuthakathaka, yilezi:

• nokwethenjelwa High - nakuba imisinga futhi abe ibutho elincane sokuphepha kumele kukhunjulwe kunoma isiphi isimo. I izintambo Kumele uxhumeke futhi aphethwe yonke imithetho yokuphepha, ngci kanye ezingafinyeleleki abantu abaningi.
• umsebenzi Lungisa - uma ufaka low-voltage izinhlelo kufanele kuhlolelwe khona amaphutha ahlukahlukene kanye glitches. Kukhona ubalwa njengengxenye kagesi othomathikhi.
• Ubukhulu - kusukela izinhlelo enjalo ukufakwa amakamelo nge quadrature ezahlukene, kufanele babe abangane lula ukufinyelela yimuphi ekhoneni ekhaya lakho noma ehhovisi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka i-ukubala yardage ikhebula, cabanga lapho nendlela izinto beyobe behileleke ekunikezeni ukwaziswa kumuntu.
• izindleko okuphansi - lwalezi nhlelo ayatholakala ukufakwa kanye nokusetshenziswa. Ngenxa kahle obujwayelekile uxhumano iphuzu, inombolo nezinto zenethiwekhi, kodwa ungase wonge imali, okungase ukushiya ikhebula imitha.

Izinhlobo zolwazi amanethiwekhi

Njengoba sekushiwo, kukhona izinto eziningi nisikhonze, okuyinto anikwe amandla low-voltage izinhlelo. Izintambo axhunyiwe ohlelweni, enze imisebenzi yawo ukusiza abasebenzisi mnandi futhi ephephile ukuhlala kuyo. bahlukene injongo yabo:

1. uhlelo Domestic. Lokhu izinto uxhumano ukuthi sisebenzisa nsuku zonke - TV, ucingo, i-intercom, internet, umsakazo, i-alamu. Namuhla, kuzo zonke lezi amanethiwekhi ucishe efanele kithi. Ukusebenzisa ikhebula, singakwazi uqaphele zonke izenzakalo ezweni lakubo nasemazweni aphesheya. izintambo zocingo ukunikeza ikhono lokukhulumisana futhi ukuxhuma kwi-Inthanethi. inethiwekhi CCTV kusiza nokuzala isithombe futhi uzwakale ngokukhululekile, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukulawula kanye nokuhlolwa kwabasebenzi. Kulokhu, ikhamera kungenziwa exhunywe kokubili elincane lelikhulu, onamandla. Esisemqoka ngasese kuphezulu futhi low voltage uhlelo enikeza isixwayiso lapho nokungena khona ngokungemthetho kwanoma ubani noma umlilo - ibizwa ngokuthi i-alamu. Kukhona uxhumeke kwi-izintambo nemishini ekhethekile yokuthungatha, actuated yi ikhefu chain noma hambisa.
2. nezentengiselwano. Lezi zihlanganisa: wefoni, i-Internet, izinhlobo ezahlukene mkhosi, endaweni ze-computer amanethiwekhi, metering ngokuzenzekelayo amandla nezinto amadivayisi zokuxhumana, abanye ehlelekile cabling uhlelo. Systems nge zamanje ababuthakathaka ukuqinisekisa operation esitebeleni of izikhungo kwezohwebo. Ukugcina low-voltage izinhlelo emahhovisi eyenziwa ngochwepheshe abasebenza ngqo kule nhlangano noma amafemu ezikhethekile.

Yini liqukethe uhlelo?

Systems yakhelwe umsebenzi othize, ezihlukahlukene ezingu.

• Local-endaweni amanethiwekhi ukuhlanganisa umsebenzi izintwana ezimbalwa kanye namathuluzi ukuze wabelane ngolwazi. Lokhu kungenziwa esihlelwe ukusebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa eye-, iphrinta, beka amafayela, izinhlelo ukuvikela ulwazi kusuka nokugenca, inethiwekhi yolwazi, nokunye.
• Ehleliwe cabling uhlelo (SCS) ahlinzeke kalula nesivinini zonke izici ephambili. Lapho kukhona Umklamo low-voltage izinhlelo, ochwepheshe ukubona ukuthi SCS yokuhlala izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuxhumana: ulwazi, umlilo-Ukuvikelwa, ucingo, kanye nezinto ezidingekayo ngabo.
• Ngo wefoni, usebenzisa ephansi amandla izinhlelo kunika ngokuzenzakalela ngocingo Ukuhwebelana. Lokhu kudala ukuxhumana okuthembekile phakathi ababhalisile ngokusebenzisa ikhebula amanethiwekhi kanye nezinhlelo ezikhethekile.
• Akekho wacabanga mayelana lokuthi isikhathi emhlabeni nalo enikeziwe ephansi yamanje master iwashi izinhlelo. Lapha, yakhiwa eyisisekelo zokucathula master iwashi kanye iwashi lesibili. Okwesikhathi emhlabeni ukubukela amawashi eyodwa nje athomu, okuyizinto ultra-eqondile. Ngemva isignali kuya satellite GPS bona badlulisele isikhathi esiqondile emsakazweni, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa master iwashi. Through the radio, sifunda isikhathi kakade on iwashi lesibili ukuyifaka.

Yini izinzuzo low-voltage izinhlelo ahlinzeke?

Kahle usethe iphrojekthi low-voltage izinhlelo kusenza sikwazi ukusebenzisa ulwazi ngaphandle kokuzizwa yimuphi kabi. Kunalokho, ezazikuyo esasizithole ukuthuthukiswa isayensi njengoba senza ukuphila kwakho kube lula futhi ukuthola ukwaziswa angashadile ezinyakazayo. Uxhumano sikwazi ukubona kahle ukubukela i-TV satellite ngosizo ngabo, singakwazi ukufinyelela ngocingo, internet nomsakazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, usebenzisa inethiwekhi ungalawula ukufinyelela kumasayithi ngokufaka amasango izithiyo, ukuze bazizwe bephephile, ukubeka umlilo nokuvikeleka i-alarm base video ukubhekwa. izinhlelo ezinjalo ezakha ukuze kufezwe izidingo zabantu eziyisisekelo, ngezizathu zokuphepha - okokuqala nethemba ngekusasa futhi ukuthula.

Ukuhambisana imithetho cabling

Njengoba kubekwa izintambo - engathí sina futhi ezingaphephile ke udinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela futhi abale, lapho ezizokwenzeka. Ngaphezu ubunjiniyela kanye nomsebenzi design, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele imithetho eyisisekelo ukufakwa. Umthetho esemqoka kanye oyinhloko ukwehlukanisa izintambo amandla avela low-voltage amanethiwekhi kolwazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze ugweme ehunyushelwe ukuphazamiseka kagesi. Uma singasinaki leyo mithetho, amakhebuli kagesi kuzovimbela izinto okuqhubekayo, okunikeza ubunjiniyela izinhlelo ephansi amandla. Ukuze cabling efanele imibhalo eyinhloko zokulawula, lapho yonke imininingwane zipendwe izinyathelo.

Indlela ukukhweza inethiwekhi?

Ochwepheshe bayazazi ukuthi ngisho ngaphambi kokuhlela izintambo inethiwekhi kumele okulungiselelwe iphrojekthi yayo. Kuyinto ngokucacile ezidingekayo ukuze uqoke indawo ephansi yamanje ibhodi, udlulisela, nezinyawo kanye nezinye izingxenye uhlelo. ukunakekela okukhethekile futhi ekhokhelwe amazinga avunyelwe futhi imithetho okukhiwa nokulungisa amakhebuli. Umsebenzi isifaki low voltage izinhlelo Kudinga ngokujulile ulwazi oludingekayo ikhebula osayizi, zinhlobo zayo, izidleke wiring tintfo adlulisa ulwazi kanye kunethiwekhi.

Kuyadingeka ukugcina ngokunembile ibanga phakathi izintambo namandla low-voltage - okungenani 0.5 m, futhi kufanele zihlelwe ngokulinganisa. Izintambo udinga ukusebenzisa wonke kuphela, Ukuhlanganiswa akuvunyelwe. Kuqondane ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubeka amakhebuli e wiring kufihlwe, ngakho izintambo inethiwekhi kufanele kube ibanga kusuka ngocingo ikhebula 15 mm (uma ubude 10 m). Kumelwe sikhumbule ngaso sonke ukuthi wiring amapayipi kumele avikelwe esimweni sezulu izenzakalo ezihlukahlukene futhi umonakalo. I lebhokisi lokuxhuma izintambo nayo etholakala endaweni efanele, kude eminyango, amafasitela nezicabha bengena. Zonke low-voltage phansi izintambo okubeka usebenzisa ibhasi ekhethekile, esakhiwa babashayeli zethusi.

Izinhlobo izintambo ngesikhathi sokufaka

Ukuze kudivayisi Imininingwane ngamunye ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene amakhebuli. Izingcingo Employment olunikezwa inethiwekhi izintambo 3 izigaba. ukusebenza ongenaziphazamiso amanethiwekhi computer kungenxa ukusetshenziswa optical fibre izintambo 5 no-6 isigaba. Brand futhi izintambo ezibalulekile. Uma ukhetha ikhebula, kudingeka ucabangele kwenkululeko isicelo, ukubunjwa, izici, ukuphepha komlilo.

Ubani ongafaka ukuklama behlangana low-voltage izinhlelo?

Yiqiniso, akuwona wonke umuntu angakwazi ukukhwezwa low-voltage izinhlelo. Moscow igcwele ochwepheshe ezinhle kule mboni. izisebenzi ezinekhono kahle futhi ngokuhlakanipha badedele inethiwekhi, ngoba kuthinta ukuqina isibopho amasistimu, ukuthembeka isignali, ukuphepha imishini iyasebenza.