IL-112: izici futhi ukukhiqizwa

Ipaki uyisa Russian Air Force is ukuguga ngokushesha. Leli qiniso abakwazi ukushiya ngabandayo abaphathi wezokuvikela abanentshisekelo ukuhamba esiphezulu amabutho ahlomile. Aircraft amashumi eminyaka ekhonza njengomdala ibutho "workhorses" kancane kancane acindezele, esikhundleni izingxenye ayisasebenzi etholakalayo nokunokwethenjelwa ukuphila inkonzo yawo wonke Antonov akuyona engapheli. Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe nakho kunomthelela izidingo ukukhula kokubili abathwali ezivamile nozakwethu abo ezempi. Wonke umuntu ilinde izindiza ezintsha, futhi kukhona isizathu abanye bakholelwa ukuthi entsha "okusalungiswa amandla" kuyoba IL-112. It namanje akuyona "ku metal", ikhona kuphela ephepheni, kodwa ezikhathini zethu zobuchwepheshe, konke kwenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu.

Ngu Antonov ukuze Ilyushin

Ngo-USSR, ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuthutha izindiza ngokwesiko wahlanganyela CB DC Antonov, okuyinto enhloko-dolobha Ukraine Kiev. Oleg K. wadluliswa enhlokodolobha Ukraine ephethwe amaSoviet ngo-1946 e Novosibirsk, lapho ephethwe igatsha Yakovlev Design Bureau. Lapha Antonov idale izindiza eziningi ezimangalisayo, kodwa eziningi zazo namuhla zululeka isibhakabhaka phezulu emazweni CIS kanye nasezindaweni ezikude. Lezi imishini zinokwethenjelwa, amahle "friendly" ukuba abashayeli, bona "thethelela" abanye amaphutha ukuphathwa.

Ngemva kokuwa eU.SSR CB kubo. DC Antonov kwaba Ukrainian, nokuxazulula izinkinga Russian amabutho ahlomile emkhakheni air zokuthutha kulo lakhula lisuka unyaka nonyaka nzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho ezingxabanweni zezombusazwe kuphazamise imbangela amaphutha amaningi lobuchwepheshe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, ubuholi Russian osethe target: ukwakha indiza bebodwa, ngaphandle ukuthembela abahlinzeki kanye nabasunguli angaphandle. Ingxenye yaleli su kufanele kube Il-112, izici zazo (ngokukhethekile, amandla we amathani ayisithupha) ngeke ngempumelelo esikhundleni imikhumbi olubanzi AN-26 AN-24T, AN-32 kanye nezinye imishini ukuthi abangaphuma impi yethu amashumi eminyaka.

zindlela lempi

Maphakathi nawo-nineties, umbuzo kabusha ezokuthutha izindiza kwaba kakade sina ngempela. Abadlali esiyinhloko supply elisanda eziyisisekelo ukukhanya emsebenzini izindiza (ie 5-6) kwadingeka ezimbili. Ukrainian An-140 ku-wonke amakhasimende Russian weza, kodwa eziningi izinkomba akuyona ngokuphelele asuthe. Ikakhulukazi, ubuholi ibutho uye wathi ufuna ukungenzela isidingo eyakhelwe, okuyinto okwabahambela kakhulu phezu An-26, futhi kokubili kummango futhi indlela ephakamisa.

Omunye Imfanelo ebaluleke kwaba nokwenzeka ukusebenza ku zezindiza eziwubhuqu. Ngezinga elikhulu lezi nemingcele kushiwo kwakulingana kuya IL-112, ngaphandle nje kwento eyodwa kuphela. Ukrainian An-140 base bamukelwe kakade bahlangana, ke okungase kuthintwe, kodwa izindiza Russian yayikhona kuphela ephepheni nezakhiwo.

Ubude schematics

Indlela ezithakazelisayo kwesakhiwo kwendikimba ezithathwe nabaqambi inkampani "Il'yushin". Konke kwakukuhle (futhi lokhu kwaba eningi) le "lwakhe" baye bamukela. Ukuze ubone lokhu, lwanele qhathanisa formula wokugcina izindiza ezimbili CB - IL-114 futhi IL-112. Eyokuqala (indlela, lowo akuphumelelanga kakhulu) it has a classic "ILYUSHIN" isikimu, esibonakala by ongaphakeme-iphiko nge nacelles amabili, ngisho kungase kutholakale IL-12, futhi eyindilinga cross-section fuselage (monocoque). Lesi sifunda, esikhundleni salokho, lihlotshaniswa 'Douglas "DS-3, lalisetshenziswa Umklamo IL-18 futhi IL-38.

Antonov izindiza KB nezinye izici esingokwemvelo: Ophikweni engenhla sinendawo izinjini ngaphansi okwesikhashana, esigabeni fuselage yakhiwa Ngaphezulu, eduze semicylinder, iphansi - cishe flat (monocoque). Yilokho IL-112. Izithombe Ubukhulu basikisela ukuthi izindiza ukusondela imibono AN-24 kanye ukuhlela kabusha kwalo okwalandela (AN-26 AN-30 futhi AN-32).

Yiqiniso, lena akuyona mayelana ukusebenzisa umqondo womunye. Ngamunye design izindiza isakhiwa, esekelwe ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe, nemibono jikelele kuzoholela ukuvela izindiza ngokusobala efanayo, ngisho noma ukubukeka kwabo ukugcina kuyimfihlo. Yisho ukuthi "ILYUSHIN" ikopishwe okuthile "Antonovites ayecabanga ukuthi 'azinakwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi noma izintandokazi okwamanje abazange wathola.

Qaphela ukuthi izinkinga benza IL-112 kuya ekuqaleni le phrojekthi.

Izinkinga egijima ekukhiqizeni

Iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili edlule, ngo-1993, indaba emfushane imodeli indiza yethuliwe ingxoxo yikhomishana isimo. Ngemva konyaka, ngemva kokukhululwa kwe yesinqumo sikahulumeni, yaqala ukuklama izinguqulo zayo ezimbili - zokuthutha impahla yempi nomgibeli.

Umqondo yokuqala yayinjalo sihlanganise imizamo zikawoyela Bashkir futhi abenzi bezindiza. Ngesikhathi isitshalo Kumertau (lapho wakhela ezinophephela emhlane "Ka") kuhlelwe ukwethula omunye, "indiza", umugqa ngokuxhasa ngemali iphrojekthi ngokusebenzisa ukudayiswa hydrocarbon. Ngo umoya "nineties ephonseka" kwalesi sikhwama, okuyinto wathembisa okuphumelela ekuqaleni, ngeshwa, ukuthi akuzange kusebenze.

CB Ochwepheshe baye banquma ukuba bandise ukukhiqizwa IL-112 e Voronezh, i ifektri izindiza VASO. Intshiseko ithimba nomthelela ukunqoba BBC mncintiswano, lapho imoto entsha kwakumelwe akwazi ukumelana namandla mncintiswano sina nezinkampani zezokuthutha, odale lezi amakhosi izikebhe zabo - Sukhoi, MIG, Tupolev ASTC futhi kokulinganisa Machine Isakhiwo Plant. VM Myasishcheva. Kwakubonakala sengathi impumelelo iseduze.

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Nokho, isiphetho Il-112, kwasungulwa kanzima. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwethulwa elichumayo uchungechunge siyabhubha yizizathu zezombangazwe izikhungo. Transporter Heavy sesimanje ezijulile iphrojekthi Il-76MD-90A ukuncela kakhulu isabelomali izimali, futhi ngakho Onjiniyela ke-Defense uNgqongqoshe Serdyukov uhlongoza ukufuna yabo imithombo ngokulungiswa kwemigwaqo imali. Le nkinga yaziwa kube nzima, uma engenawo isixazululo, njengoba zezindiza emakethe civil wafika izimbangi lesinye isizwe, futhi ngenxa yalokho, eqinisweni, izindiza yakhelwe (ie oda lempi) akazange alethe imali. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, waqala yolunye ukuhweba yezombangazwe Ukraine phezu ukuthi efanayo AN-140.

izinkinga Technical

Nakuba kunzima kwaba umsebenzi ukhulisa izimali ngokungabi bikho ukuxhasa kukahulumeni, inkampani "Ilyushin" ukuze siyixazulule. Le phrojekthi likhona izinkontileka ukuzivikela esimweni ne umnqamulajuqu we indiza yokuqala. Wamiswa ngo-2008, wabe esedlulela 2010-th. Isidingo yonyaka balinganiselwa ku izingcezu 18.

Kodwa ngale dethi developers akakhiphanga umphumela. Kwakunezizathu ezizwakalayo eziningana, futhi base luyingxenye lobuchwepheshe ngokwemvelo. Nokho, eyayibalulekile ukuthi abalingani (igama lesi sitshalo Klimov) lahluleka ukunikeza injini efanelekayo Il-112.

Izici kuxhomeke powerplant izindiza. Amandla luyadingeka ukuze lokhu izindiza, ayizinkulungwane 3.5. HP (2 x 1.75 th.), Futhi "Klimovskii" TV7-117ST motor athuthukile ayizinkulungwane 1.4 kuphela. Ukuze abonise yi edingekayo, llu entsha siswele 700 "amahhashi".

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana izindiza

Ngakho, manje into esemqoka, okungukuthi, ukuthi efanayo kuyinto IL-112. Lokhu monoplane metal nokuxhumana riveted main units eyenziwe titanium futhi duralumin ngokunemba, nabanye izakhi esakhiwe ngezinto oluyinhlanganisela. Wing indawo high, nge pods ezimbili, degree yaso ephezulu imishini, ukunciphisa run-ukuphuma ukubopha pads lapho. I fuselage uhlukaniswe linezingxenye ezintathu. kwesigaba Cargo (kanye bonke abanye) evaliwe. Empennage T emise. Umnyango ahambisana kummango, kwisiphambukisi bese kummango kukhona ngaphambili langemuva. I chassis has imibhoshongo ezinhlanu, kokwehla main ahoxise ku ohlangothini Izigaxana ezinhlangothini.

indiza ukusebenza

entsha ngesivinini izindiza kuyoba cishe iyafana ukuthi we AN-24 futhi AN-26 - 480 (sihamba) ukuze 550 km / h. Ceiling - 7600 m, ibanga - abafika kwabangu-1000 km, kodwa kakhulu ngcono ukusuka kanye kokwehla ukusebenza. Ukundiza, Ilu zidinga CPA ubude 870 m nokuhlala phansi -. 600 m Avionics izinguquko ezinkulu zabhekana. Kusolwa ukuthi amadivaysi kuyoba lamadolobha esimanjemanje kakhulu. Cargo gumbi isikhala, umthamo wayo kosayizi umthwalo ukuthi kungenziwa athuthwe AN-140.

Yeka ukuthi kuhle kanjani?

IL-112 - indiza aluphelele, kodwa singasho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi muhle. Kuncike esikhundleni izinjini for yasekhaya VK-3500 e isakhiwo ukulungiswa ezithile angase ayenze umsebenzi ezokuthutha izindiza, ngisho has a ukuthekelisa engaba othize. Kunohlobo olusha umshini iminyaka embalwa edlule, amalungu amabutho India kanye nedumela elihle ingayala sihlolisise ke nezinye namakhasimende abazoba. Lokunye lokubaluleke kakhulu yokuthi namuhla, nenkonzo yethu Defense ayisekho ofukamela amathemba ukubambisana ethelayo nabalingani Western, ephumula ekucwaningeni ubuchwepheshe zasekhaya. Lutho zanamuhla esinayo namuhla, kodwa isikhathi siyaphela.

izindaba ezinhle

Le phrojekthi yayigubha iminyaka engu-Athazeksesi, kungaba ngokuthi ukwakhiwa eside. Kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye simo isimo sezombangazwe iphrojekthi kwakuyokwenezelwa uhlu imibono ezinganeni, Nokho, izindaba ekhuthaza muva ezikhishwayo. Il-112 isazoqhubeka alethwe engqondweni, futhi imiyalo eqondile kaMongameli WaseRussia. He is one of the best ekilasini yayo, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwayo kuyindlela enhle kakhulu ukukhulisa ezifuywayo izindiza umkhakha. Kungashona imali futhi izonikezwa.

Samara "Aviacor" ziyoba isisekelo main lapho iyokwakhiwa Il-112. Ngo-2014, kanjalo wazala juqu isiphetho izindiza. Kwethenjwa ukuthi ngemva esiphezulu iminyaka emithathu, kuzothatha indiza yayo yokuqala.

Lesi sinqumo senziwa ngemva ushintsho umqondo ezokuthutha izindiza - okungukuthi, ukuqoqwa zonke ukukhiqiza kanye nomklamo kwamandla e isakhiwo esisodwa. Nokho, izazi zikholelwa ukuthi akufanele kube maduzane ukubhala off izindiza Veterans. Yesimanje wazama futhi kuyiqiniso Soviet imiklamo izindiza ukunikeza isikhathi ukuthuthukisa futhi imenze ezingeni oyifunayo bezindiza ezintsha ezizoba zithathe isikhala sawo.