Umkhakha Armenia: iziqondiso main

Armenia Republic - omunye ezimpofu ukwedlula ezinye ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union. Nokho, ngisho nakuleli zwe kukhona ezingaba ezithile kwezomnotho, okuyinto ingakamiswa kudalulwe ngokuphelele. Singabantu nawe namuhla sizoxoxa Armenia umkhakha ngokuningiliziwe.

Imininingwane zomlando

Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, umnotho Armenia kwakucishe unviable, ngoba kulelizwe kukhona nesimo esinzima kakhulu, uma siqhathanisa zonke izifundazwe Transcaucasian. Kwamandla enamandla Agro-zezimboni Armenia lalenziwa izwe elincane elisempumalanga ngempela ayikwazanga ngiziqhayise ngokusimama kwezinsiza zemvelo, noma indawo enhle njengomumo womhlaba, noma indiza evundile.

Njengoba bengenandaba igesi, amafutha, noma ngisho indlela yokungena olwandle, kuyilapho Armenia zaziseza ukuvimbezela kwezomnotho. Futhi sonke ngoba amabhizinisi of Armenia ngenxa Nagorno-Karabakh ngxabano nemizi ngokoqobo nginqume Azerbaijan naseTurkey, kodwa ngenxa Georgian-Abkhaz ukungqubuzana - kusukela Russian Federation, ngoba ekuqaleni zonke wezimpahla ngaphambilini kwenziwe ngokusebenzisa ujantshi Isi-Abkhazian .

Out of the Crisis

Ngo-1991 waqala azimele. Okokuqala ezandleni yangasese sawela yokulima ke amabhizinisi amancane kanye naphakathi zezimboni, futhi ngo-1995 kusukela endalini waqhubeka ukudayiswa, futhi izindawo elikhulu lezimboni.

Okuningi Armenia umkhakha waqala athole umfutho wayo ngemva isiphelo sesimiso ukuxolelana kanye Azerbaijan ngo-1994, ngakho-eyatholakala kusukela neBhange Lomhlaba kanye-International Monetary Fund. Kungenzeka ukunciphisa wenzuzo ukwandisa ukukhula omkhiqizo.

I zithwala ukuthuthukiswa komnotho

Ngo-Armenia kulezi zinsuku - kuba isimo zezimboni-nezokulima. Iningi ukunakwa Izigayo Uhulumeni uholela yabadobi ukukhiqiza kwezolimo. GDP isakhiwo yezwe kafushane simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• Ezolimo - 31.1%.
• Umkhakha - 21,8%.
• Trade - 8.7%.
• Ukwakhiwa - 8.5%.
• Isithuthi - 5.1%.
• Konke okunye - 24,9%.

I izimboni ehola yilezi: wamakhemikhali nezibulala-petroleum, yokusansimbi non-ayoni, ukucutshungulwa metal, isakhiwo umshini, ukukhiqizwa zokwakha.

Leli dolobhana futhi abantu

ezolimo Armenia athuthukile phakathi nezinkulungwane zeminyaka. Ngokuvamile, isimo kwaba ngomunye wabokuqala emhlabeni lapho umhlaba ukutshala iqaliswe abantu. Uma wayefisa, omunye ungahlangana 22 zinhlobo futhi zenyathi 218 okusanhlamvu.

ezolimo Armenia ekhulwini lama-21 ethuthuka ngokushesha. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-2010 62% Amandla iphathwa ingashintshwa ukuze umhlaba bakula mazwe, futhi ngo-2014 lesi sibalo isivele ifinyelele 74%. Ngokuvamile, 46,8% we yonke insimu yezwe Site ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezolimo.

Maphakathi isivuno isimo kubhekwa Ararati Valley. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kukhona ethafeni, kahle wotha ilanga. Ukuze ifolishi esekhulile mayelana 2000 izinhlobo zezitshalo, kodwa Izivuno eziyinhloko zihlanganisa clover, alfalfa, sainfoin.

ithuthukiswe Armenia nezinkomo kahle. Izwe ukwazi ukuhlangabezana izilwane ezingavamile eziye domesticated iminyaka eminingi. Kulokhu, ukwaluka izimvu nezimbuzi ingaphezu kuyinsakavukela, yingakho endaweni Grassland zemvelo kwehle kakhulu. Futhi uma kwakunemikhaya eyizigidi ezingu-14 amahektha ngo-1940, kodwa namuhla - kungcono ha ayizinkulungwane 805 kuphela ..

ukunakekela okukhethekile unikezwa yokudoba. Armenia amumethe carp, carp ezimhlophe, utshani carp. Ukuthengiswa ezifuywa rainbow nechibi trout, Sturgeon laseSiberia. ukudoba Amateur uvunyelwe cishe wonke imizimba amanzi akhona. Okuwukuphela yilezo imithombo yamanzi bangaphansi Ukuvikelwa isimo.

giant-athomu

Armenia ngamandla enuzi esiteshini etholakala eduze edolobheni Metsamor. It has amayunithi ezimbili. Eyokuqala wethulwa 1976, kanti eyesibili - ngo-1980. Amacebo ekuphathweni kwaba ukudalwa emabhuloki yesithathu neyesine, kodwa eChernobyl nhlekelele yaholela ekubeni kudingeke kwamakhaya kohlelo.

Okthoba 15, 1982 ngesikhathi Armenia Nuclear Power Plant kwaba khona umlilo omkhulu wokuqala amandla iyunithi, okuyinto welula amahora ayisikhombisa. Ngo inqubo ngokubeka abantu abangu-110 babekhona ohilelekile. Futhi ngo-December 1988, ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba e Spitak, kwanqunywa ukuba ayeke ngokuphelele ekusebenzeni esiteshini. Lokhu kwavumela ezindongeni block ngowokuqala usike izimbobo ezimbili futhi siqhuba izifundo ezikhethekile, imiphumela eyabonisa ukuthi umsebenzi iyunithi esikhathini esizayo engenakwenzeka.

Nokho, ngenxa yesimo sezomnotho kanye sezombusazwe kuleliya lizwe, iziphathimandla Armenia wanquma ubuyise umsebenzi zenuzi Novemba 5, 1995. Umphumela waba i umkhankaso iyunithi yesibili eyayimi ku ukongiwa ngamaphekula cishe iminyaka engu. Kuthiwa emva isiteshi kabusha isiqalo kwekhabhoni yingozi emkhathini ezizungezile kwehle izikhathi 2.5 uma ziqhathaniswa isikhathi kuze kube unyaka ka-1989. It ekuqaleni kuhlelwe ukuthi esiteshini Kuzoze kube 2016, kodwa ngo-December 2014, uNgqongqoshe weZamandla we-Armenian Amandla Zakarian nenhloko "Rosatom" Kiriyenko ongene isivumelwano, okuyinto bakufakazela ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-unit yesibili uzobe enwetshiwe eminye iminyaka eyishumi, okungukuthi, kuze 2026. Ngakho, amandla Armenia kakhulu encike kakhulu phezu operation evamile esiteshini, edlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni amandla ukuzimela yezwe.

amaphuzu ezithakazelisayo NPP

Armenia Nuclear Power Plant waba ngowokuqala emhlabeni, okuyinto esetshenziswa wokubacindezela ukushaqeka wezinciphisi, oluqanjwe inkampani Japanese. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe isimo abalingisa esiteshini okwakuyigama imbangela yale ngozi ukuba "Fukushima-1". Imiphumela yokuhlolwa wabonisa ukuthi izingozi ezinjalo imisebenzi esiteshini Armenia akazange asithole.

Ehlobo 2009, izindiza emhlabeni ezokuthutha ngobukhulu An-225 zithutha omkhulu emlandweni wezimpahla zezindiza - 147 ton generator ukuze enuzi izitshalo amandla. Lo mzila kuyofikwa kusuka Frankfurt ukuze Yerevan.

utshwala

Umkhiqizi main utshwala e-Armenia kuyinto Proshyan Brandy Factory. It yasungulwa eminyakeni 130 edlule, izinto azenzekanga ngendlela umndeni kwesikhulu ka Abgar Proshyan. Le ndoda izifundiswa, watadisha eJalimane, futhi ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya eduze waziphatha ukwakhiwa Distilleries endaweni esigodini Armenia, ngoba kwaba khona ukuthi yamagilebhisi esiyingqayizivele ikhula ngesisekelo okuyinto uthole umoya brandy, eyaduma brandy Armenia emhlabeni.
Phakathi nenkathi zase-USSR, inkampani kwenzakala a kalowo ukuze isimo sezombangazwe, lapho bonke alcohols ekhiqizwa yilesi sihlahlana forcibly uyiswa Yerevan ngenxa yokuhlela isimo eyodwa. Nokho, ekushoneni kwelanga 1980 Proshyan Brandy Inkampani iholwa umholi omusha, futhi inkampani ngasibuyisela enkazimulweni yayo yangaphambili namandla.

Namuhla, lesi sitshalo kuveza hhayi kuphela vodka ne-brandy, kodwa yokuqala izithelo iwayini ezenziwe kusukela Quince, ijikijolo, cherry. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le nkampani kuyinto umholi ngokuphelele emsebenzini wokukhiqiza brandy Armenia kuleli zwe futhi basebenza eduze abalingani bamazwe omhlaba abafanele. Lokhu kwanda kakhulu ivolumu lemikhiqizo-United States, Greece, Korea, Israyeli. LaseMoscow isitshalo kwavulwa igatsha ngoMashi 2008.

umkhakha igesi

Kuvaliwe Joint Stock Inkampani "Gazprom Armenia" is ngokuphelele eyayithengwe PJSC Russian "Gazprom". osizayo Armenia inkampani Russian kuyinto ayitholwa ngokuphelele emakethe igesi i-Armenia. Ngokuvamile, uhlelo ukusatshalaliswa igesi inezikhumulo mayelana 14.902 amakhilomitha gas amapayipi. By the way, wezwe igesi ukunikezela izinga 95%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe 80% RA imishini yezimoto usebenza kuphela igesi yemvelo.

Imboni steel

Armenia umkhakha omunye zithwala main has izinsimbi zayo non-ayoni. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, leli lizwe linazo 9% zezwe izinqolobane of molybdenum. Ekucebiseni ore yethusi-molybdenum esetshenziswa imidondoshiya ezifana Zangezour Agarak nezitshalo ore-ukugqoka, Kapan concentrators.

Futhi, leli lizwe linazo Zod futhi Meghradzor igolide imali, okuyinto eyenziwa ngokubambisana nezinkampani Canadian. Kwandzisa igolide ore Kwenziwa ngaso Ararati yokutakula igolide isitshalo.

Ngokuqondene umkhakha steel, imboni ye-Armenia akancikile ngokweqile kulo, njengoba le ndawo ngokweseka izwe. In the state zikhona izinkampani ezimbili kuphela kule isiqondiso - Yerevan isitshalo zokuhlola-zezimboni onguchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa yensimbi kazibuthe ngoba insimbi kanye Tumanyan Refractory Plant.