Ukuhlolwa izinga ukukhiqizwa

Ngaphansi izinga imikhiqizo ngokuvumelana GOST 15467-79 kumele aqondwe nesigcino impahla yayo ngenxa ngalo uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana, ngokuhambisana nenhloso yato, ngezidingo ezikhethekile.

Igama elithi "umkhiqizo" ngokuvumelana GOST P ISO 9000-08 (isigaba 3.4.2) kubhekwa lapha ngenxa inqubo, okuyinto iqoqo tinhlobo letehlukene imisebenzi oxhumene nokusebenzisana futhi iguqulwe imibono okukhiphayo (iphuzu 3.4.1 we isivakashi efanayo). Ngakho, ekutholweni izinga imikhiqizo kumele kwenziwe ezindaweni zokuhlola:

• ke kwanelisa izidingo (okulindele noma izidingo, amiswa futhi ziyabophelela noma azibone kuphela - definition kusukela esigabeni 3.1.2 ka GOST 9000-08);
• ukukwazi kwazo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo, okungukuthi ukuchaza iqoqo noma ekugcineni lizinga lekuphumelela edingekayo futhi angasetshenziswa.

Isigaba 4 GOST 15467-79 uveza nokuthi ukuhlolwa izinga imikhiqizo kumele kwenziwe ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo:

• umehluko isekelwe ngabanye izinga izinkomba, ngalinye elikwazi ephawula isakhiwo umkhiqizo (isib ubulukhuni ephawula okuqukethwe Ca futhi MG nosawoti uyakwazi ukwakha ezifakwa noma ukuziphilisa imishini);
• eziyinkimbinkimbi - isebenzisa izinga izinkomba eziyinkimbinkimbi (isib for kwamanzi 1st, 2, 3, 4th noma 5th grade izinga ungazisa ukuthi amanzi ngokwemibandela ahlanzekile, kancane ezingcoliswe angcolile, engcolile noma ezingcolile kakhulu);
• okuxubile - kokuhlaziywa Kwenziwa usebenzisa izibonisi olulodwa futhi esibanzi (ngoba imithombo yamanzi ebusweni ihanjiswa nokusebenza ngabanye, ezifana ubulukhuni, futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi - ezifana izinga ekilasini);
• Izibalo - isicelo izibalo zezibalo (ngokulandelana ukusetshenziswa ukulawula izinga ulawula uchungechunge GOST R 50779).

Ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezidingo Kwenziwa ngayinye inkomba izinga ngaphambi kokuthumela komkhiqizo kwikhasimende. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukwamukelwa kwangaphandle nangekhatsi ukulawula ukusebenza umthengi.

isilawuli Ivolumu, kuhlanganise netindlela tekuhlola izinga imikhiqizo, njengoba umehluko, eziyinkimbinkimbi noma exubile, okuyinto olwenziwe ukuhlolwa ebekiwe ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe noma inkontileka (sivumelwano). Uma sebhithi akubonisi nezidingo izinga iqiniso, akukwazi ukuqinisekiswa. Ngokwesibonelo, izitsha ukusebenza ngaphansi ophezulu iziqondiso okufanele ziqondise nje kuphela ngendaba kusuka lapho idivayisi ekhiqizwa, nomklamo walo futhi Ubukhulu, kodwa futhi imisebenzi efana yokukhiqiza, ukuhlangana, ukulungiswa, ukugcinwa uphethwe, ukugcinwa kanye ukukhanda. Okungukuthi, zonke izidingo, ukuhambisana saziso nge oqinisekisa nokwethenjelwa ukuphepha izitsha ukusebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi.

Umthamo (ngokuhambisana injongo yayo) ukwanelisa izidingo ezithile angabhekwa isibonelo izidingo zomthetho ikhwalithi yamanzi ahlanzekile amakhemikhali senzelwe ukukhiqizwa umusi. Imithombo enjalo yamanzi kumadokhumenti lobuchwepheshe ukubizwa ngokuthi amakhemikhali nahlanza (desalted) noma yokudla okunempilo (yanikezwa amandla okokubilisa lapho umusi ikhiqizwa).

Kuhlola izinga umkhiqizo wenziwa ngokuvumelana nemingcele ethile: nezidingo elibekwe kuncike ambalwa nemingcele (phansi, maphakathi noma umfutho ophakeme). Ngokwesibonelo, i-boilers nge ingcindezi zokusebenza 9 kgf / cm², 18 kgf / cm² futhi 50 kgf / cm², nobulukhuni feedwater kufanele ibe ngaphezu micromoles 70 / kg, 15 mmol / kg kanye 5 pmol / kg ngokulandelana. Zezakhi zethusi, esibaliwe Cu, basingathe amacala ezimbili zokuqala akuyona ezilungisiwe, futhi boilers nge ingcindezi zokusebenza 50 kgf / cm² okuqukethwe kwabo emanzini okuphakelayo akufanele idlule 20 mg / kg.

Ukuhlolwa izinga imikhiqizo Kwenziwa laboratories abanekhono, izidingo jikelele okuyinto amiswa GOST R-ISO /-IEC 17025-09. Nendinganiso 15 izimfuneko ukuphathwa izinga e ngokuhlola noma Samandla laboratories 10 nezimfuneko zomsebenzi. Ngaphandle kungenzeka lezi laboratory ithengiswe eqinisekisiwe ngaphansi zamanje Quality Management System inhlangano noma eziqinisekiswe lotimele. Inketho wesibili isiqinisekiso temakhono Yiqiniso, sibaluleke kakhulu.

Uhlelo lokulawula kusebenza ohlakeni lwale nhlangano, esetshenziswa ukulawula izinqubo noma imisebenzi ukuthi uguqule okokufaka kwezinsiza ibe umkhiqizo noma isevisi ukuhlangabezana nemigomo yenhlangano. Ngokwesibonelo, izinga nezidingo ukwaneliseka ikhasimende, iziqondiso zokuphepha noma izinhloso kwemvelo.

Kuhlola izinga umkhiqizo amafemu amaningi angaphandle kwenzeka esekelwe kwezibalo inqubo control, esekelwe indlela Six Sigma. Ukuze uthole wezibalo elawulwa izinqubo amathuba iphutha elingalindelekile kukhawulwe eziyisithupha ngeziphambeko ejwayelekile kusukela sokusabalalisa okuvamile, okungukuthi, esingaphansi billionths ezine. Ukwethulwa le ndlela yenza kube lula ukuqinisekisa imikhiqizo okusezingeni eliphezulu oqine izinga.