"Desu": lokhu izwi ukuthini? Lapho futhi kungani kusetshenziswa?

Japanese - lokhu kuyinto tangle ezithakazelisayo futhi eyinkimbinkimbi izinhlamvu, imithetho eziyinqaba, sigodzi engaqondakali nezinamathiselo ngokungadingekile. Kodwa umuntu amane nje ukuqala ukuliqaqa kwesisekelo salo njengoba kuba sobala ukuthi omunye ngaphandle komunye into. Futhi kufanele ufunde konke ukuze, benaka nasezinganeni imininingwane awuwona yini ongelutho kunayo. Ngo Japanese, imisho kakhulu declarative ukuqeda nge isiqalo "Desu". Kwenzani lokhu izwi Kusho futhi kungani isetshenziswa kaningi? Zama ukuqonda.

isenzo

Ngakho, yini "Desu" e-Japanese? Ngo kuhunyushwa, leli gama lisho "ukuba". Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu okunengqondo, ungase ubuze kungani igama elithi "Desu" livela cishe zonke iziphakamiso? Iqiniso lokuthi tento Japanese akudingeki Umumo nezinombolo. Iningi lazo ezibekwe kule ekugcineni kwemusho bese ukuhumusha igama elilodwa "Desu" - "ukuba".

Ukuze ngikwenze kucace, ukuhambisa isibonelo esincane.

. あ れ わ 新 幹線 で す (Ingabe wa Shinkansen Desu) - Uma ukuhumusha le nkulumo ngokwezwi nezwi, uthola into efana: ". Ukuthi isitimela" Ngo-Japanese eyayivame, kuyothiwa waqonda njengoba "Lokhu zemininingwane".

Eqinisweni, "Desu" akusho lutho. Lokhu console enikeza tento esinenhlonipho umthunzi hlangothi. Futhi ngoba isimo sengqondo zesizotha Japanese ubhekwa isixhumanisi main ke lesi sitayela lwenkulumo ezivamile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.

umbuzo

Luthini olwakho "Desu", manje kancane sobala. Nokho, lesi senzo has a izinketho ezimbalwa yokudla. Labo abafundisa Japanese, kanye nalabo abasanda kuqala ukufunda izisekelo kungase kuqashelwe ukuthi ngemva "Desu," ngokuvamile izinhlansana. Lezi zinhlayiya abizwa ngokuthi "Gobi" kanye umusho bazi ukuthi banesibophezelo ngemuva ngokomzwelo.

Enye "ka" ethandwa kakhulu izinhlayiya. Uma kubonakala ngemva "Desu", bese kuthi umusho umbuzo. Ngokucaca, sikunikeza izibonelo ezimbalwa:

1. あ れ わ 新 幹線 で す か? Kusibonelo lokuqala, le nkulumo bekungelegolide ngoyebo, kodwa ngemva kwalokho "ka" izinhlayiya liphendulwe umusho interrogative - (Ingabe wa Shinkansen Desu ka?): "Lona isitimela?".
2. ど な た で す か? (? Donata Desu ka) - Esinye isibonelo kuhunyushwa kuzwakala: "Ngubani kukhona?". Lokhu, esebenzisa isabizwana esithi interrogative, esetshenziswa uma kuziwa umuntu, ibonwa njengoba umbuzo: ". Ubani lo guy" isisho okunjalo ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa inhlonipho, ingxoxo esisemthethweni. Ukuze ngezikhathi ezikhethekile kancane ukusho: だ れ で す か? (Dare Desu ka?). Ingqikithi yalo ndaba lamahubo lilingana, ushintsha kuphela degree of nangesizotha.

Ngakho, "Desu" (okusho ukuthi "ukuba") zingavela hhayi kuphela kuzo lapho elandisa, kodwa umusho interrogative. Kodwa kukhona "Gobi" izinhlayiya ezimbili, engatholwa esihambisana "Desu".

"Yo" futhi "ne"

Ukutadisha materials ulimi Japanese Wabasaqalayo, ungakwazi ngokuvamile ukuthola inhlanganisela "Desu ne". Ngokuvamile livela nemabintana njenge:

• . わ, 畳 の 部屋 で す ね (Wa, tatami akukho ne heya Desu.) - ehunyushiwe umusho lizwakala lilula ngokwanele: ". Kuyinto igumbi tatami amacansi" Kodwa qaphelani ukuba isiqalo "wa" Isiphakamiso wokuqala, okusho injabulo noma ukutuswa ayekubona. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, inhlanganisela "Desu ne" - kusho ukuthi umuntu Uyazazisa igumbi tatami, engaqiniseki ukuthi omunye umuntu abelana imizwelo yakhe.

lolu hlobo le nkulumo ngokuvamile nazo lapho ixoxa nengane ngokuvakashela Japanese. Zonke izivakashi Japan, kubonakala eseyintsha, futhi lalolo hlanga - lena okuyinto evamile yansuku zonke. Iphinde isebenza kolunye uhlangothi: uma Japanese ukuza izwe futhi ukhuluma nomuntu ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko, ungakwazi ngokuvamile ukuthola inhlanganisela "Desu ne".

Enye kuyizinhlayiyana engatholakala ngemva "Desu" (okusho ukuthi "ukuba"), funda ngokuthi "yo". Ngakho, sikhule size "Desu yo". Lokhu Ngohlelo isetshenziswa ingxoxo lapho umuntu ufuna ukwabelana ulwazi olusha mayelana into. Uma siqhathanisa nge isiRashiya, inhlanganisela "Desu yo" lisetshenziswa ngendlela leli gama elithi "indlela". Lokho isetshenziswa ukutshela ulwazi mayelana lapho isikhulumi uyazi, kodwa akazi umthombo. Ngokwesibonelo, isikhulumi sithi lokhu yokudlela ethokomele futhi kukhona okumnandi okuphekiwe. Futhi uma umuntu wokuqala ozwa mayelana nempahla, ngemva isiphakamiso uqinisekile ukubeka inkulumo ethi "Desu yo."

Futhi hhayi "Desu" lenzani

Labo abafundisa Japanese, kufanele wazi ukuthi "Desu" (okusho ukuthi "ukuba") ze sho ngokugcwele. Ngenxa zokunciphisa onkamisa eMhlanganweni ekhishwa uthola igama elithi "DES". Okusho ukuthi, uma ukubhala igama futhi sizofaka amaqoqo amabili "de» (で) kanye "su» (す), kodwa uzobe ukufunda ngokuthi "DES".

Ngenxa yokuthi abantu ababeke yawenza isiko Eastern, akusiyo esitolo eyanele yolwazi njalo, eziningi abasebenzisi Inthanethi Niyaphaphalaza ngokuthi indlela efanele yokubiza amagama.

Ukuze noma cha ukuba

Ngakho, kulesi sigaba kakade kufakwe "Desu" ukuthi kusho "ukuba". Kodwa yini okufanele uyenze uma udinga "kube". "Ukuze sibe noma ukuba" - amazwi indlela kaShakespeare kule ndaba kungaba wusizo kakhulu.

Igama elithi "Desu" kuwuhlobo engakhi "de wa arimasen" okusho ukuthi "akuyona" e nezwi. Ngokwesibonelo:

• . 山田 さ ん は 学生 で は あ り ま せ ん - Nge ukuhunyushwa umnyuziki ongokoqobo obungaba khona (Yamada-san wa gakusei de wa arimasen.): ". Yamada-san, akukho umfundi" Okungukuthi, abangabantwana isilaleli uthola ulwazi Yamada-san akuyona umfundi wasenyuvesi.

Igama elithi "Desu" othandwa kakhulu. It kungabonakala anime yasekuqaleni futhi manga, uzwe izwi esebenza dabberov noma ukukhumbula ngemva kokubukela amanye amavidiyo. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyini nenani lanoma yiliphi enamathiselwe igama elithi "Desu" - limane nezinhlayiya yokukhuluma. Kuvele Analogue iphuzu kule ekugcineni kwemusho. Futhi kuphela ngenxa lo mfanekiso kungase kube lula kakhulu ukuze iqondwe kungxoxo, ngoba "Desu" kungenzeka "kube" noma "ukuba ', ukubuza, ukuveza imizwa yakho futhi unikeze ukwaziswa okwengeziwe.