Coalition - Iyini? Definition of umfelandawonye uthi, amaqembu noma izinkampani

Lapho isenzo senzeka iyiphi wabantu abahlangene ngokuzithandela, izinhlangano noma abantu - sikwazi ukukhuluma umfelandawonye. Lena ngenye yezindlela ezivamile ukunqoba isitha eqinile noma enye womanyano. Engahlanganisa wonke amabutho nezinhlangano, kodwa emlandweni futhi elalidume kunawo wonke, yebo, etivume- ezempi nezombusazwe, ne esanda kuqalwa (ngezindinganiso zomlando) izikhathi - kwezomnotho. Ngokuyinhloko, kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko.

Uyini sokusebenzisana emlandweni?

Lo mfelandawonye lokuqala kwavela ezikhathini zasendulo. Mhlawumbe, uma amaqembu amaningana abazingeli kusuka kumasayithi ezahlukene zabantu zihlanganyela yokuzingela inyamazane emikhulu. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izinyunyana ahlukahlukene zenzeka njalo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuba ngenxa yezenzo zabo ukwenza ematfuba abukhali yomlando. Ngokwesibonelo, kuphela izinqubomgomo Hellenic united ebelizowina Persidkoe isimo - umbuso omkhulu kunayo futhi enamandla kunazo ngesikhathi.

Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi, iqhaza sokusebenzisana iye yaba nendima ezimbi. A. Hitler wafaka eziningi umzamo ekuqaleni ukwenza umfelandawonye uMussolini, bese ukukholisa umashiqela wase-Italy ukuba aye empini. Kodwa eqinisweni, amabutho Italian kwadingeka usizo oluncane, kunalokho, amabutho aseJalimane ayehlanganyele imisebenzi yaseshashalazini entsha, okuyinto awuzange ekuqaleni kufanele ukuyithumela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto izikweletu ahlangene eJapane eyenziwe-Adolf Hitler balwe US.

Kanjani eduze bebelokhu emlandweni umfelandawonye?

Emlandweni kukhona ucishe eduze womanyano. Lokhu kusho, okokuqala kunakho konke, ukuthi izenzo amalungu ayo kahle esihlelwe. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi kohlaka umfelandawonye ezifana NATO umbimbi njalo iqondise imizamo yabo. Kuze kube yimanje, inhlangano isebenza eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Council, neKomidi lokuHlela wezokuVikela kanye noNobhala Jikelele, Yebo, akulona umkhuzi induna zamabutho azihlanganisa, kodwa has a ngokubona ezibanzi enhlanganweni imisebenzi ngokuhlanganyela.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umlando uyazi izibonelo eziningi ngokubambisana ngaphansi. Phakathi neMpi Yeminyaka Engamashumi Ayisikhombisa ', France kanye Prussia babengelinye coalitions amabili aphikisanayo, kodwa siyobonisa, mhlawumbe, kuphela abazange ukulwa nabanye kanye abaphikisi babo baphila ngokwalokho aba- umfelandawonye. Ngalé kwalokho, musa Ukudidiyela izenzo zabo, ngisho alwa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni: Prussia kubonise ukuhlaselwa okuvela ahlukahlukene eYurophu, France kule mpi e isenzo main nendikimba British (ngokuvamile akuphumelelanga) e amakoloni nasolwandle ezaziwayo.

sokusebenzisana alinganayo

Okunengi edume kakhulu emlandweni coalitions ithi zazihlanganisa amalungu ucishe alingane. Isibonelo salokhu sokusebenzisana anti-kaNapoleon, okuyinto iphethwe zigoqiwe enye ngemva kwenye ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX. Ngenxa ukulingana amalungu abo, umfelandawonye kwakhiwa ngokushesha futhi ngokuzithandela, kodwa ngokushesha waphela ngemva kwenye ukunqotshwa, njengoba kwakungekho isikhungo enamandla, okungase ukusekela akashintshashintshi emzabalazweni wabo, noma ngisho siphoqa wakhe ukuze uqhubeke.

Futhi, ngenxa yokuntuleka olulodwa ebalulekile iphuzu kushaywa ngenxa uNapoleon, umfelandawonye akakwazi ukujabulela ngokugcwele izithelo lokhu kunqoba: at iCongress of Vienna inhloko zezombusazwe isiFulentshi, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord ephethwe ukuhlwanyela ukungathembani phakathi obambisene nabo, ngenxa yalokhu, France wakwazi ugweme ezimbi kakhulu ka okusongela yakhe ngemiphumela ukulahlekelwa kwabo.

sokusebenzisana ukungalingani

Kodwa emlandweni amacala eyaziwa lapho umholi liphinyiselwe sisho intando yabo lonke womanyano. Kuyinto, isibonelo, Delian League. izinqubomgomo Confederated akhokhe Athens simiselwe icala ngalinye, futhi Athens isivele ofakelwe emalini, okokuqala, imikhumbi, ukudalwa lapho umfelandawonye wayegxilile, kanye olunqamula amabutho ahlomile. Ososayensi abaningi abakholelwa ngisho lokhu okuthile inyunyana isilinganiso phakathi kukahulumeni kanye nemigomo umbuso Athene.

Ngalesi inhlangano njalo Union amandla usebenze njengomahluleli yomkhakha owodwa. Yini embi ngalo kwaba ubushiqela Athene ngo umbimbi. Ngezikhathi ezithile elilodwa noma kwenye Inqubomgomo uzama ayibulale - umphumela Athene mikhankaso lempi izinhlawulo ezinzima ngoba abangalawuleki.

Ukuguqulwa sokusebenzisana kwisimo esisodwa

Ngakho, kusobala ukuthi umlando has imifelandawonye eduze nezinyunyana nge umholi libizwa. Ngokwalokhu esesixoxe ngakho akumangalisi ukuthi bezilokhu zikhona izikhathi lapho umfelandawonye uthi yaphenduka isimo esisodwa, amalungu aso elahlekile ukuzimela.

Rome ekuqaleni yokunqoba kwakhe kwaholela ubuhlobo impela izinqubomgomo Italian (ezifana Delian League). Ngezinye izikhathi, ezinye amalungu ushiye womanyano, njengoba kwakunjalo ngesikhathi II ZabaseCarthage neMpi, lapho umbimbi nabaningi ababeyizithunywa Roman asekelwe uHannibal. Kodwa ekugcineni umfelandawonye kwakuthandeka ukuze ngesikhathi okuthiwa War Social kwakuyizwi oMfelandawonye Ngabamba sokusebenzisana ekubeni isimo esisodwa: ithemba ubukhosi wangempela izinqubomgomo zabo ayisekho khona, kanye nokwakhiwa kombuso owodwa kwadingeka ukuba uziyeke amalungelo eyisakhamuzi saseRoma, okwakumnika babengcono kakhulu enkulu amalungelo yizakhamuzi izinqubomgomo Union.

Coalition amaqembu ezombusazwe

Sekuyisikhathi ukukhumbula lokhu ekuqaleni definition sihloko. Lo mfelandawonye - union ithi hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi wonke amabutho nezinhlangano. Esikhathini ukuphila kwawo ngokuqondene nezombusazwe yenqwaba yeningi yesimanje womanyano babé ukuphila okuvamile zezombusazwe.

Iqembu kungaba ukulwela amandla isivele umfelandawonye, ukuya okhethweni njengoba umfela. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuba khona we-Union of Right Amandla waqala njengoba Bloc pre-ukhetho, okuyinto kamuva kuphela lalenziwa iphathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi i-party ungenza umfelandawonye ngemuva kokhetho lokwakha uhulumeni iningi, okuyizinto, ngezinye izikhathi, imifelandawonye ezingalindelekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ekuqaleni kuka-2015 e Greece, ne isibalo esiphezulu samavoti iqembu "SYRIZA", kokuba ngokuphelele washiya uhlelo, futhi ukhetho mpendulo, uye Wajoyina iqembu isikhungo kwesokudla "Independent amaGreki ', esangenza umholi" Syriza "lokwakha uhulumeni.

umfelandawonye amabhizinisi

Umncintiswano uphika izinkampani, kokubili yezimboni futhi commercial futhi zezimali, ukwakha umfelandawonye ezahlukene. It yaziwa kithi kusuka nombimbi esikoleni, imikhonyovu nomethembayo. Asikho isidingo waphinda ukuchaza umehluko phakathi kwabo. Engingakusho nje ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene coalitions phakathi izinkampani ezinkulu zidlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni wanamuhla wembulunga yonke.

Izibonelo coalitions ngempumelelo izinkampani ezahlukene eziningi. Ukuwaloba eyodwa. Ngo 1892, umfelandawonye wezinkampani "Edison Electric Khanyisa" futhi "Thomson-Houston Electric" emenza "General Electric» (General Electric), okuyinto namuhla ingenye izinkampani ngobukhulu, ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo ehlukene cishe kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni.

Emihle nemibi coalitions

Kukhona okuye kwachazwa kuphela indaba emfushane olukha phezulu lo mkhuba emlandweni wezwe njengoba umfelandawonye. Kuyini futhi iyini indima yalo emlandweni - ngesihloko uyakufanelekela wokulandisa ehlukile. Kodwa kuyacaca kakade ukuthi umfelandawonye ungadlala kokubili indima emihle nemibi umuntu eza khona. Kungaba fikisa ahlula, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwenza ukuxazulula izinkinga zabo kuphela, kodwa futhi izinkinga kuncike kubangane bawo. Kungasiza ukumelana isitha esinamandla, futhi kungenzeka kuncisha ubukhosi.