Bureya reserve: isithombe kanye nencazelo

Eningizimu eMpumalanga Ekude in maphakathi eKhabarovsk Territory, lapho imicengezi ilungelo futhi Bureya ngakwesokunxele, izindawo olunothile amahlathi Boreal, imifula edla izindwani, ohamba uba nezimpophoma ezincane Stony entabeni iphakama embozwe yiqhwa. namachibi amahle nezimpophoma izimpophoma mangaza, izitshalo engavamile nezilwane ezingavamile mangaza ne ehlukile yayo. ubunjalo lwasekuqaleni futhi kuba non-eziwubala utshelwa ukudala kulezi zindawo ngo-1987 Bureinsky State Nature Reserve.

Sezulu nohlaza

Esiqiwini lizungezwe izintaba, lapho Izintaba namagquma ube jellied emfuleni izigodi.

Isimo sezulu phakathi nonyaka bedle yezimvula imimoya kungazelelwe. Okubusa anticyclone laseSiberia ebusika kubangela ukuthi izinga lokushisa lehla ukuba -45 degrees. Ehlobo, kunalokho, emoyeni efudumele olwandle ukwandisa izinga lokushisa kuze kufinyelele +38. Morozov kuyinto nje kwezinyanga ezimbili, ekupheleni kuka-October kubhekwa ekuqaleni isembozo iqhwa.

512 zezimila ezahlukene ezitholakala esiqiwini, hhayi kuhlanganise wona kanye ulwelwe. Amabili nambili zinhlobo wabo yilunga zohlobo eliyingqayizivele futhi ezisengcupheni izitshalo. Uhlu ahlukahlukene, anesikhundla bokuphakama Rosaceae, Asteraceae, utshani kanye sedge.

Eqoshiwe 293 zama-wona, enye yazo, krifeya Amur, kuba angaphandle isayensi. Lichen Group has 101 zinhlobo, iningi lawo ezihlukahlukene izihlahlana ulele-cladonia, okuthiwa ama-reindeer moss.

izindawo Ihlathi esisogwini lihlukana aqukethe larch softwood nesihlahla sonwele. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona amahlathi lezihlahla yesihlahla se-poplar Chosenia. Izimila siqukethe emagqumeni willow futhi yemifino zikaphayini laseSiberia, nayo lapha flora.

Nezilwane (Bureya Reserve)

Kafushane ukulanda izilwane ahlala kule ndawo, Kusafanele ukugqamisa ezinye izinhlobo zawo. Phela endaweni yasendle nokongiwa ezingengaphansi ocebile futhi akumangalisi kuka simila.

Kusukela ezweni Far Eastern kwezilwane ikakhulukazi inyoni ezithakazelisayo emndenini grouse - sonwele grouse kanye lase-Amur waxwing.

Kukhona okuningi izilwane nezinyoni ezihlala ehlathini entabeni emathafeni: i Ibhere elinsundu, reindeer, Sable, warbler bobukhosi, ptarmigan, nutcracker. Ithuba ukuhlangabezana nezilwane ezingavamile ezifana sparrowhawk noma encane intulo laseSiberia.

Ezindaweni lapho Bureya reserve, emifuleni eminingi. Kukhona indawo zidala Grayling, Lenca. Bureya - emfuleni kuphela emhlabeni, lapho evamile ezine izinhlobonhlobo enhle nesinamawala Grayling izinhlanzi. Kukulo muzi lapho elaqala ukutholwa futhi izinhlobo Bureya krupnocheshuychaty ka Grayling.

izilwane

Bureya kuyinto komhosha futhi nobudlova ngokwengeziwe. Labo lapha livela okokuqala, kubonakala ukuba umuntu omuhle, kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi satholana singageza kude ogwini kwetende, futhi konke okwakungokwayo kuzo. Kulezi zindawo ngokuvamile kwezulu. Bureya Reserve itholakala ezindaweni ezifana esingaweleki, ukuthi izilwane ezihlala eduze Upper Bureya, angahlangabezani nendoda, njengoba aliveli lapho.

Ezintabeni, ubuswa ezinwabuzelayo umsedari, kukhona okuningi cranberry futhi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, azidle, umnikazi ehlathini Ibhere elinsundu, olutholakala ezindaweni ezigudle umfula, Batten phambi nesenzakalo womgodi. Asiatic black bear ezingavamile, it is ezisohlwini iNcwadi Red.

Esikhathini sifinyelela ongenhla emfuleni lapho sikhule moss, horsetail nesikhunta eziphilayo sokzhoy - inyamazane zasendle. Lapha ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana inyamazane - inyamazane obomvu, Roe izinyamazane, ama-lynx kanye nezinyamazane kencanikhulu - musk.

I Izimfunda copses esezansi roes eziningi, inani elikhulu izinja raccoon nonogwaja emhlophe.

Huge ezihlukahlukene noboya izilwane: marten, Ermine, Otter, uchakide, mink, squirrel, Sable. Abaningi ihlangabezana nezimpisi raccoon izinja nezimpungushe awavamile.

Ezintabeni, ngokuvamile amakhwela abameleli lagomorphs, pikas, okuyinto ngenye ngokuthi senostavkami.

izinyoni

izilwane ezinkulu Bureya reserve phezu Upper Bureya akuzona ingxenye enkulu "labantu" zalo. Kunezinto eziningi zezinambuzane arachnids. Bahlala lapha izinyoni, ezinye zazo izimpukane ukuthola inzalo, kuyilapho omunye - abahlala ezindaweni ezivikelwe njalo. I ezincelisayo namagundane kakhulu: izimvukuzane, lemmings. Ngokuvamile kuphakamisa umsindo nutcracker isilwane esikhulu noma umuntu.

Emahlathini we inqolobane game izinyoni grouse ikuyo yonke indawo. Ngenxa imizimba omkhulu wamanzi kuyinto izinhlanzi ngokwanele, okuyinto zidla izinyoni ezidla inyama. izinyoni ezifudukayo abaningi, lokhu goose, Cranes, amadada, izindwandwe futhi zibuthana ezenza izidleke zabo ezigodini emfuleni. Izinyoni zitholakala yonke indawo: eduze kwamanzi, emigwaqweni, emahlathini, e ezimfundeni. It lapwings, pheasants, storks ezenza izidleke zabo ezihlahleni ophakeme emi phakathi izimfunda.

Izinyoni abahlala eduze kwamanzi okuphakelayo izilwane zasemhlabeni (Far Toads, amaxoxo, frog, intulo eSiberia), kanye molluscs.

ezinwabuzelayo

Awezinyoka ivezwa lamabutho zibe maholoholo - izibankwa izinyoka. Of izibankwa esiqiwini, kanye kulo Primorye, wathola zinhlobo kuphela eyodwa - isibankwa ezivamile futhi ikhaya le nyoka ukuba imikhaya emithathu. Ezigodini entabeni kungabonwa Japanese utshani inyoka, kakhulu akuvamile - Amur umgijimi, ngokuvamile kusukela izinyoka non-enobuthi wathola coluber.

izinyoka eziyingozi kufanele zabelwe enesihlungu copperhead futhi Sakhalin, okuyinto efakwe ohlwini e Red Incwadi Amur esifundeni

izinambuzane

Reserve izimfunda generously ugcwale izinambuzane ezehlukene. Izintethe, okuyinto has abantu ezahlukene kufika ku-50. Butterflies ngempela zezinyoni ezingavamile, njenge-CAST. Kukhona engaphezu kwengu-20 zama-ojekamanzi. Sekukonke kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-1 ayizinkulungwane. Lesitshalo izinambuzane. Konke lokhu ubukhazikhazi kungabonwa ngokuvakashela Bureinski Reserve.

izimila

Esiqiwini cover izimila kukhona ihlathi, ama-marsh, edlelweni, izihlahlana futhi entabeni emathafeni izinhlobo. Iningi endaweni imbozwe amahlathi kanye izitshalo entabeni nezimfunda.

Ngu ihlathi uhlobo izitshalo larch, Elnikova, Chosenia, Poplar, willow lokuhuquzelayo we amahlozi umsedari ihlathi. Zohlobo main kuyinto larch ihlathi reserve Gmelin. Ngo emfuleni nezigodi emifuleni emikhulu ubuswa amahlathi lezihlahla lapho likhula Poplar amnandi, willow serdtselistnaya birch, chosenia.

Umlayezo mayelana Bureya isitshalo reserve ngeke ibe ephelele ngaphandle indaba izimo ezithile zemvelo isimo sezwe. Frost, abukhali lokushisa izinguquko ukhawule kakhulu ukukhula izihlahla. Ngenxa nzima sezwe izimila kwasakazwa ngemazinga lamatsatfu: ihlathi, amakhanda ayizimpandla, nazo Bald.

amaqembu zofuzo

I izitshalo ndawo Ukwakheka ezihlukahlukene. Ezabelwe amaqembu amahlanu:

1. Kabi - kuhlanganisa chistoustovnik Asian, Pennsylvania lily esakaza boron krasnotsvetkovy podlesnik.
2. Ehlathini-Boreal - ilungu oxalis, enyakatho linnei Ramish lopsided, akujabulela uMose.
3. Angaridskaya - siqukethe sedge black esinamakhanda birch Skinny, rosemary, sage dissected.
4. Beringian - sifaka streptopus streptopovidny, Uda Clinton Ayan Dawn.
5. Highland - basonta ke rhododendrons segolide, ukuthola ukukhanya phyllodoce okwesibhakabhaka.

Bureinski reserve eqoqwe ku insimu yalo isibalo esikhulu izitshalo, kuhlanganise ama-sedge zihlanganisa izinhlobo 59 ezahlukene, Rosaceae - 37 bluegrass - 34, kanye Asteraceae - 44. Iningi lalezi izitshalo ezimila abekelwe emaceleni Ukusabalala endaweni.

nemizila izivakashi

Bureinski reserve, izilwane kanye nezitshalo okuyizinto okunabileko, edonsela inqwaba izivakashi. Kukhona nokuhamba kanye nemizila Pesce-amanzi.

Uhambo iqala evakashele yokhalo Dusse Alin futhi ihlala izinsuku ezingu-11. Isikhathi esingcono ukuvakashela lezi zindawo zibe zinhle - ngo-August no-September. Lokhu obuphelele izintaba umzila ngama-80 km. Indawo okuhlelwe ematendeni maqhugwane. Ukuze bahlanganyele ukuvakasha kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuqina zabo ezingokwenyama (idinga ezingeni maphakathi).

Kukhona umzila uhlelo ezokuthutha okuvumela iqembu ukuphonsa indiza Mi-8 basuka eKhabarovsk iChibi Karbahon, kukhona ikamu eliyinhloko. Uhambo isikhathi - 3 amahora, kanye nebanga - 550 km.

Hlela nemoto ukulethwa balandela dvadtsatikilometrovaya ukuhamba uhambo endaweni. Ngesikhathi kuzothatha amaviki amabili.

Kunoma iyiphi indlela ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana izilwane zasendle: brown bear, Wolverine, must inyamazane futhi reindeer; ukubona Kite, capercaillie, ptarmigan.

Can iqhaza kwamanzi ukucwiliswa phansi echibini kuya 24 m. Ukuhlelelwa ukujula and ingxubevange ye Bureya emfuleni. Ifomu eyinhloko ezokuthutha ehlobo - izihlenga nezikebhe, futhi ebusika - ezithuthuthwini nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezikwazi ukundiza ezindaweni ezikude lomfula. Esikhathini enyakatho ingxenye kuba elidala "umgwaqo bobukhosi ', manje nonperforming. Ohlangothini mpumalanga ungathola manje ishiywe ihhashi izindlela.

Reserve izindawo abathandwayo

Bureinski reserve, isilwane izithombe nezilwane zazo okusesihlokweni esithi, iyona isici esikhanga kakhulu nge - umgogodla Dusse Alin, ezingavamile ukuba sezwe olunothile futhi omuhle kakhulu. iziqongo Cijela ukuqeda ezintabeni emithambekeni emaweni. On kwelinye lamagquma esiphezulu Amur esifundeni kokuba enkulu ubuhle entabeni echibini. ezithakazelisayo Ikakhulukazi kukhona izimpophoma ezisebusweni emifuleni entabeni. Ngenxa elide kusukela inaccessibility kwemigwaqo izilwane zasendle lapha abephule.

Mountain Lake - yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu, etholakala eduze komngcele esiqiwini uqobo. Leli chibi ejulile e lase-Amur ndawo Karbahon ezime njengesitebhisi okweqanda. Kuphela kuYe uhlala yefilakisi Popeye. Bear echibini yeqhwa sizungezwe egwadle amawa, lafinyelela ukuphakama 100 m. Uma kungenjalo, echibini ubizwa ngokuthi "parele" lomzimba ijuba yayibhekisela yamanzi futhi indawo engavamile emzungezile.

On endaweni esiqiwini zonke ukwephula yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene ngobudedengu zemvelo, ngakho Bureinski reserve ubhekwa izingxenye eziyingqayizivele zemvelo.