Australia flora. Izimila nezilwane eziningi zase-Australia

Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo ye ososayensi, nezwekazi endala eplanethini yethu nje e-Australia. Izitshalo, nezilwane, nesimo sendawo kanye nezinye izici zemvelo lapha waqala ukwakha mayelana no 3 billion edlule. Kuyindida abantu wathola ezweni esanda kutholakala, yingakho imvelo wendawo namanje yasekuqaleni okuningi futhi eyingqayizivele kuka kwezinye izingxenye Earth. Hhayi-ke, ake sibone kabanzi ukuthi kuyini, izimila nezilwane eziningi zase-Australia, iziphi izici zako, nokuningi.

isikhundla ezindawo

Ngu uqobo, nezwekazi lase-Australia luncane emhlabeni. Itholakala Nenkabazwe eningizimu, engxenyeni Eastern zomhlaba, wageza ngasemanzini we Oceans Indian nasePacific Ocean. Umugqa nogu ezwekazini kakhulu Kuhlehliswe amatheku lapho abaningi ulwandle kwakhiwa. Pacific Ocean iyona Tasman, Coral futhi Arafura Sea. Ngo amanzi Indian Ocean iyona edume kunayo ulwandle Timor. Australia lizungezwe baseziqhingini ezihlukahlukene, phakathi lapho kukhona khona ababili esikhulu kakhulu - Tasmania neNew Guinea. Futhi eduze izwekazi elincane Kunawo Wonke Emhlabeni coral zamakhorali, othiwa Great Barrier Reef.

sezulu

nethonya elikhulu kumiswa yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene fanele hlinzeka for eminyaka Australian nesimo sezulu esishintshashintshayo. Naphezu kobungako nobuningi bayo encane, ezwekazini itholakala izici ezintathu eziyinhloko. Lapha ungathola endaweni sezulu bhé, ezishisayo athokomele. Basuke ahlukaniswe esishintshashintshayo odlulayo: nakwezifudumele, ehlane futhi ephuma kabili desert. Air lokushisa lapha kakhulu kakhulu kuthonywa olwandle - Indian Ocean dipole kanye-El Niño. Siyabonga kubo, lo zasezindaweni akhiwa imimoya omile futhi gusty, okuyinto ukulawula amaningi ala masimu. Njengoba sezulu esihlukahlukene Australia wehlukile ngakho, isimo sezulu ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zaleli zwekazi esiyingqayizivele. Engxenyeni esenyakatho nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe zone tropical owandile. Ehlobo khona ibhalwe imvula alinganiselayo nesomiso ebusika owandile. Kusukela maphakathi ezweni nemisinga eya eduze entshonalanga elula ehlane futhi ephuma kabili desert - endaweni sezulu enkabazwe. Southwest coast - ezisondelene nazo okuqinile, kanti eningizimu-esempumalanga, kuhlanganise isiqhingi saseTasmania - yilokho esishintshashintshayo athokomele.

Ukukhangana main landscape wendawo - ehlane

Ogwadule Australia ukumboza mayelana 45 amaphesenti yaleli zwekazi. Basuke ise North-West, ezonini ezishisayo nezithokomele. Isici esivelele sesimiso ezingwadule zase-Australia wukuthi kukhona inhlabathi ensundu ngokubomvu. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke kwezihlabathi kukhona umthunzi coral ukuthi akukho ndawo emhlabeni behlala ndawonye bengashadile akusashiwo ezitholakele.

Ngakho, ezingwadule eyinhloko Australia - kuyinto:

• Great Sandy Ugwadule. Embozwe leso sihlabathi elibomvu, okuyinto ngezikhathi ezithile ezitholakala ngomuthi futhi zikagamthilini.
• Victoria Ugwadule. Le ndawo ngobukhulu sandy zaleli zwekazi. Lapha kukhona sezulu eyomile kakhulu, ngoba lesi sitshalo ayitholakalanga.
• Gibson Ugwadule - indawo embozwe amatshe kanye imfucumfucu. It ihlukile kwabanye nge izintaba eziphakemeyo eziphansi.
• Simpson Ugwadule. Nsimu enkulu embozwe isihlabathi esibomvu. Lapha kukhona kuphela izitshalo ekhula ongaphakeme ezifana nezihlahla.
• I elineziqongo. ehlane Unconventional, embozwe esihlabathi esiphuzi. On indawo ephansi nje zikhule rocks anameva mayelana 2 amamitha eliphezulu.

Impumuzo kanye nezici zayo

Australia - nezwekazi emhlabeni uyisicaba. Kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka, umoya kubhebhethekiswe ngokoqobo kuzo zonke zohlobo yakhe, ngoba isimo sezwe bahlanganisa ikakhulu Amathafa namathafa. Noma kunjalo, le ntaba-Australia manje ethulwa ngesimo yokhalo, okuthiwa kuhlukane Omkhulu. Basuke etholakala empumalanga nezwekazi, futhi sibonga iqiniso lokuthi babe ukuphakama hhayi kakhulu, yagcwala izihlahla, izihlahla kanye nezinye izitshalo. Iphuzu esiphezulu - Mount Kosciuszko, obude kuyinto 2228 amamitha. Nokho, phawula ukuthi lena akuyona ezintabeni zase-Australia kuphela. Ophakeme kulelivekati atholakala kuwo wonke ezindaweni ezisogwini. Kodwa akusho lutho ukuze zokuma kwendawo musa ngezikaNkulunkulu kubo isimo amabanga egcwele, futhi ubheke ukuba isigaba wezintaba.

izwe uphawu yemifino

Manje, ekugcineni, ake sicabangele lokho izilwane zasendle libhekene Australia. Izitshalo kuleli zwe has uphawu ayo - zikagamthilini. Lo muthi ingashintshwa ukuze olunzima izimo zezulu, kungaba isikhathi eside ukuba siphile ngaphandle kwamanzi futhi kuletha gusty ukuhweba imimoya futhi eziphephweni. Iqiniso lokuthi Eucalyptus inohlelo esikhulu kakhulu impande, okuyinto evame kunangendlela ingxenye ebusweni esihlahleni. Ngakho lesi sitshalo ifinyelela amagatsha ngaphansi komhlaba ukuze emaxhaphozini, emifuleni kanye nezinye imithombo ukusuka udonsela umswakama. Eucalyptus izihlahla zikhule kuzo zonke izingxenye e-Australia, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sezwe kanye sezulu izimo.

Wik naseMpumalanga Australia: flora

Kulezi zindawo, sihlangana endaweni zinomswakama isikhathi esiningi sezulu kuleli zwekazi. ke Izimvula iwe unyaka wonke, ngoba inhlabathi ngempela evundile esithambile. Eastern Australia yiwona ovame kakhulu bamboo zamahlathi. Bakha i-jungle ebalulekile, okuyinto ukudlulisa kusukela seashores nezokugcina esinqeni amagquma ongumlando. Ngaseningizimu bamboo usuthathelwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-bottle tree. Ukuze izakhamuzi zendawo, lesi sitshalo iyisibusiso real. thelo abe ukuma ibhodlela, okuyinto njalo ihlinzeka amanzi ahlanzekile efanelekayo ukuphuza nokupheka.

North flora

Lendawo zwekazi likhulu, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ezindaweni ezishisayo. Bese kuba khona uhlaza ukuthi ihlanganisa indawo enkulukazi, futhi lwakha jungle njengomuzi ongangeneki. Phakathi kwemithi North Australia lwathola pandanus, umtholo, lomhlume zamalala zeminqumo. izitshalo yakwazi ukwanelisa - Izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene futhi horsetail. I eduze eningizimu, endaweni kuba eyihlane. Namathafa enyakatho-ntshonalanga embozwe amakhambi izimbali zokwelapha entwasahlobo nasehlobo, umhlaba bome, kusale kuphela amagquma zesihlabathi.

Hlangana kangaroo - uphawu nezilwane Australian

Izimila nezilwane eziningi zase-Australia kuhlobene. Lapha kukhona izihlahla sendawo nezihlahla, nezilwane kanye nabo atholakala, okuyinto ngeke ukuthole kwenye indawo. Omele bhá we nezilwane Australia yikhangaru marsupial. Lesi silwane uhlukaniswe 17 izizukulwane, phakathi kwazo ezingama-50 zama. Kukhona ama-kangaroo ukukhula akukho cm abangaphezu kuka-25 - iyona amancanyana. The esiphezulu zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha 170 cm futhi zibhekwa ezingavamile kakhulu. Kukhona bukhoma kangaroo rat, i-kangaroo Derby nezinye izinhlobo eziningi izilwane.

Zonke nezilwane bahlale kulomhlaba

Ngokufunda nezilwane-Australia, singabona ukuthi cishe zonke izilwane ezincelisayo lapha uhlala noma emoyeni noma amagatsha emithi ezishisayo. Ngu zikagamthilini iziqu njalo ukugibela koalas, opossum, wombat. Abahlukile amaprotheni Australian - kuba ehlobo, futhi like inyoni, flit komunye legatsha kwenye. Kukhona amaphiko ngisho izimpungushe, okufuna womele igazi kakhulu, kodwa eqinisweni ayinangozi, njengoba sidla umpe izimbali. eziyingozi kakhulu ngaphezu kukhona amalulwane, okuyinto abe namaphiko isigamu imitha futhi kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu empilweni isisulu.

abakhileyo ezweni

Komkhathi flat ukuthi ihlukile Australia zasendle, alime ezihlekisayo platypus. Lesi silwane ungowokuzalwa zaleli zwekazi ukuthi uhlala eduze kwamanzi. Bekanye nabo kukhona kukhasa isibankwa frilled, okuyizinto njengokuzijabulisa okungenangozi futhi izingwenya, zazo lokhu akusho. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izilwane ezidla ezinye kuleli zwekazi, cishe ayikho. Cishe le zilwane ezidla inyama kuphela ezincelisayo, okuhlangabezana lapha - kuyinto zasendle inja Dingo.

isiphetho

Yini, in a Ngamafuphi, siye sacabangela ukuthi iyini - Australia zasendle. Izitshalo zinokuphila okunempilo, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, namathafa sezulu yaleli zwekazi - konke esiyingqayizivele. Kuphela e-Australia ungahlangana ehlane obomvu, lapho kunezibonelo zikagamthilini. lapha kuphela kukhona ama-marsupial kangaroo, giant nezincane. Kukhona izimpungushe kanye izingwejeje enamaphiko kukhasa izibankwa engavamile futhi opossum. Futhi okubaluleke - izwe akukhona yingozi kubantu.