Yikuphi ukufana izibungu flat and nxazonke? izici ngokuqhathanisa izimpethu flat and nxazonke

izimpethu Flat nxazonke uzibuze esizifanele enkazimulweni izimuncagazi zabantu eziyingozi nezilwane. Ngakho-ke, ulwazi mayelana timphawu tesakhiwo zabo nokusebenza ngeke ukulimaza sonke. Yikuphi ukufana izibungu flat and nxazonke, iziphi izici umehluko, zingaba yingozi? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo zingatholakala ku-athikili yethu.

Yikuphi ukufana izibungu flat and nxazonke

Umzimba kokubili izikelemu flat and nxazonke kwakheka la kwezicubu ukuthi zakha kwezitho izinhlelo zabo. Khumbula ukuthi coelenterates izilwane akudingeki lezi zakhiwo. Jellyfish futhi polyp aqukethe ezitokisini ezihlukene ezikhethekile. Isici esivamile kuyinto ukuma side komzimba izimpethu kokubili izinhlobo, nobukhulu nabameli babo, okuyinto iyahlukahluka kakhulu.

Ngakho, flatworm amagciwane wezinkomo - tapeworm sezinkomo, ikhula abafika kwabangu-10 amamitha. Kodwa round pinworm ngokulambisa idlula 10 mm. Nokho, ubungako bawo akuphazamisi sezingeni umonakalo mkhulu ngokulinganayo.

Ukuqhathanisa izibungu flat and nxazonke

ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

Abamele flatworms njengoba nxazonke, yisinanakazana e izibilini izilwane eziningi futhi abantu. Kulokhu-ke eyokuqala enamathiselwe ngaphakathi kwezindonga zabo esebenzisa izakhiwo ezikhethekile esisogwini phambi ohlangothini umzimba. Ngokwesibonelo, yisikhohliso isibindi has a umlomo ukuncela kanye ventral ingulube tapeworm - lezi ngezingwegwe. Roundworms efanayo emizimbeni okunamathiselwe akuzona, ngakho kufanele ugcine liyasondela mass ukudla. Ngakho, izikelemu, okuyizinto yisinanakazana e mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi emathunjini amancane lomuntu, "travel" ngomzimba nge samanje igazi nomoya-mpilo.

Phakathi flatworms futhi ube khulula-eziphilayo. Imihlobo ehlukeneko planarian yingcweti fresh, kasawoti kanye naphansi ehlathini. Zidla ngu abazingela izilwane ezincane: ezinamagobolondo, hydroids, izibungu isinambuzane nezinye izibungu.

indlela yokuphila

Yikuphi ukufana izibungu flat and nxazonke? Okokuqala, ngendlela yisinanakazana zokuphila. Ukuze sifinyelele engu ovuthiwe ngokobulili, kufanele ibhekane umjikelezo wokuphila eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho, ama-worms round - izimuncagazi yomuntu, ababiziweyo Trichinella, enqubeni ukuthuthukiswa esikhundleni abanikazi eziningana. Izingulube itheleleke nge izibungu zabo, ngokudla izinsalela nezinye inyama ezihlukahlukene izilwane ezigulayo. Kube sekulandela ukuthuthukiswa yabo futhi ukwethulwa izinhlumba e kwezintambo zesivikelo sesifuba imisipha izibungu. Umuntu itheleleke nge Trichinella ngokudla kahle-kwenziwa inyama yengulube. Emathunjini, izibungu amagciwane ushiya simila, ayahamba futhi linamathele izicubu kwemisipha.

impethu Flat - silwanyana yisikhohliso ikati - empilweni yayo umjikelezo eba emzimbeni zezimpi ezimbili eziphakathi: shellfish nenhlanzi. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho ifinyelela izinga lokuzala ku Amapayipi kwesibindi womuntu nezilwane izinhlanzi yokudla: amakati, izinja, izimpisi.

umzimba ingaphakathi

Ngokusekelwe idatha, equkethe etafuleni lethu, roundworms benezingane eziningi izici eziningi eziphambili isakhiwo. Omunye wabo ukuvela umgodi umzimba. Ngo flatworms ke engekho nhlobo. umzimba wabo isicaba e dorsoventrally futhi has ukuma ishidi noma ama-ribbon. Izikhala phakathi emizimbeni banayo, ngoba zisuthe ngokuhle uhlobo ezicutshini - parenchyma.

Ngo roundworms livela primary umzimba ingaphakathi. Sici Its sici iyona yokuntula ukuzithiba ulwelwesi. Phakathi Iziphathimandla zazilokhu ukhiphela uketshezi besisu, igcwalisa umsebenzi obalulekile. Athwala umoya-mpilo ezicutshini futhi izitho, futhi Amapayipi excretory ukuze - imikhiqizo ekupheleni umzimba. Njengoba uketshezi besisu ungaphansi kokucindezeleka, ke ohilelekile nokugcinwa njalo komzimba roundworms.

ukugaya Izici

umehluko omkhulu babe lezi zinhlobo zezilwane ngokukhethekile isakhiwo wokugaya ukudla. Abamele flatworms, kungakhathaliseki indlela yabo yokuphila, babe umlomo amathumbu, okuyinto uphela zifa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi ayashesha ukubamba ukudla unekhemikhali ke undigested. A izikelemu ngokuphelele bancishwa amathumbu, ziba kakade kugaywe impahla kusukela inesikhala emathunjini amancane kwezilwane.

izimpethu Round - izinambuzane kukhona ngokusebenzisa namathumbu. Lokhu kubangela Yiqiniso omkhulu umzimba. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, lo excretion izinsalela undigested ungagxambukeli supply izingcezu entsha.

Isakhiwo izinhlelo isitho

Lonke uhlelo zemizimba izibungu flat and nxazonke abe kuningi abafana ngakho. nesembozo yabo ethulwa isikhwama isikhumba-kwemisipha. Lesi sakhiwo siqukethe enamathela epithelium amaseli bese izingqimba eziningana imisipha ezishukumisa lezo zinyathelo. isakhiwo esinjalo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhambisa izimpethu asebenzayo emkhathini. Negesi lokushintshisana futhi inqubo yokwabiwa izinto futhi ube indlela efanayo.

isimiso sezinzwa ehlanganisa ISIZINDA kanye izinqubo, izinhlobo ezahlukene iyezwa worm. Ngokuvamile, ukuthi akuphi ekupheleni phambi emzimbeni. Lokhu amehlo ukukhanya-sensitive, uboya ethintekayo noma papillae, izitho okuqonda chemical nokulinganisela. Naphezu kokungafani okukhulu kule zokuzala uhlelo uhlobo, izimpethu flat and nxazonke babe esigabeni esifanayo yentuthuko. Lokhu amaqanda, isibungu kanye omdala umzimba.

Okusho flat futhi roundworms

Ukuhlaziya izimpethu ukufana flat and nxazonke, kubalulekile ngibalule indima begazi lezi zilwane. Parasitizing eziphilayo, Abulala imikhiqizo yabo siqu umzimba. Ngokwesibonelo, flukes kubangele ukuvuvukala kwesibindi, Bile imbobo odongeni ekubhujisweni. Ezikelemu, iyavuleka izakhi kanye amavithamini kusuka umzimba aphethe, kuholele ukukhathala yayo, ubuthakathaka kanye ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. izimuncagazi Round ichithe abaningi zalesi sihlahla, owabangela umonakalo elisemqoka kuya isivuno. nenyongo baziwa, nokolweni stem nematode.

izimpethu Flat nxazonke usongo olukhulu empilweni yomuntu. Ukuze kugwenywe, kudingeka udle izithelo kahle wageza futhi imifino, inyama ebomvu ukushisa kabi nenhlanzi, ungaphuzi manzi unboiled, banamathele imithetho inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu.

Ngakho izimpethu flat and nxazonke babe nezici eziningi ezifanayo kwesakhiwo. Lezi zihlanganisa: kwendawo ukuma side, indlela yisinanakazana wokuphila, khona ezintathu zamatshe umzimba, ukungabi bikho kokukhanya isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi. Nokho, roundworms benezingane eziningi izici ezithuthukile. Okokuqala, kuba khona umgodi eyinhloko futhi ngokusebenzisa emathunjini.