Association of Southeast Asia Nations (ASEAN): injongo yokudalwa, umsebenzi

Association of Southeast Asia Nations (ASEAN) - inhlangano ngobukhulu kwemibuso ezomnotho kanye nezepolitiki esifundeni. imisebenzi yakhe zibandakanya ekuxazululeni izinkinga eziningi amazinga kahulumeni ahlukahlukene umsebenzi ezingeni phakathi kohulumeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo phakathi neminyaka khona inhlangano sehle kakhulu aguqulwe futhi savela. Ake uchaze ukuthi kuthathwa Association of Southeast Asia Nations, futhi uthole izizathu indalo yayo.

Isizinda

Okokuqala, ake sigxile izenzakalo ezandulela ukwakheka ASEAN.

Okudingekayo ukuze ukuhlanganiswa lamazwe esifundeni yaqala ukubonakala ngisho nangemva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II futhi ukuthola ukuzimela. Kodwa ekuqaleni lezi izinqubo babe zempi ezingaphezu nezombusazwe, kunokuba kwezomnotho. Lokhu kwaba ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi amadolobha wangaphambili, nakuba kunikezwa amakoloni yayo ukuzimela, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo uzama singalahlekelwa lepolitiki esifundeni ukuvimbela ukusungulwa imibuso zamaKhomanisi endaweni Indochina.

Umphumela wale nezifiso kwaba ukuvela e 1955-1956, i-Bloc ezempi nezombusazwe ka SEATO ohlinzekela ukuzivikela esiwenza esifundeni. Inhlangano ihlanganisa uthi ezilandelayo: Thailand, Philippines, Pakistan, e-Australia, e-United States, France, United Kingdom. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyunithi lisebenzisane Republic of Korea kanye Republic of Vietnam. Kodwa umfelandawonye ezempi nezombusazwe yaba ngeyesikhashana. Ekuqaleni Kwathi emazweni amaningana, futhi ekugcineni ezaqedwa ngo-1977. Isizathu isibe kancane nesithakazelo ezindabeni wangaphambili amandla colonialism esifundeni, United States walahlekelwa impi Indochina, kanye nokumiswa imibuso zamaKhomanisi eziningi uthi.

Kwacaca ukuthi inyunyana in ngesisekelo ezempi nezombusazwe wakheke isikhathi esifushane futhi besikhashana. Amazwe esifundeni ayedinga ukuhlanganiswa kwezomnotho eduze.

izinyathelo zokuqala lokhu athathwa ngo-1961 lapho kumiswa inhlangano ASA. Lalihlanganisa isimo Philippines, Federation of Malaysia neThailand. Noma kunjalo, lena ekuqaleni kwakuyincwadi inyunyana kwezomnotho egqoka kubaluleke kancane maqondana SEATO.

ASEAN Ezemfundo

Manual amazwe ASA nezinye uthi esifundeni ziqonde ukuthi ukubambisana kwezomnotho kufanele wandiselwe territorially futhi qualitatively. Kuze kube yimanje, ngo-1967 e le-Thai dolobha Bangkok, inkontileka esayinwe, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-ASEAN Declaration. abasayinile zalo zazikunye, ngaphandle abameleli ASA amazwe ogunyazwe Abameleli uhulumeni ka Singapore futhi Indonesia. Kuyinto kula mazwe amahlanu kwakungasehlane laseBeti umsuka ASEAN.

1967 ubhekwa okwamanje lapho yaqala ukusebenza Association of Southeast Asia Nations.

imigomo zenhlangano

Sekuyisikhathi ukuthola ukuthi yini ilitshe ngesikhathi lasungulwa wajaha Association of Southeast Asia Nations. Baye washayelwa e okungenhla-ASEAN Declaration.

Yezinjongo eziyinhloko enhlanganweni usheshisa Dynamics ukuthuthukiswa kwezomnotho wamalungu ayo, ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kwabo kanye nobambiswano ezinhlakeni ezahlukene umsebenzi, ukusungulwa ukuthula kule ndawo, ukwanda ukuhweba ngaphakathi Association.

Ngayinye yalezi imigomo iye enqophe umqondo global - ukusungulwa ukuchuma esifundeni.

ASEAN

Kuze kube manje, angu-10 kuhlanganisa Association of Southeast Asia Nations. Ukwakheka kwenhlangano ezakhiwe amalungu alandelayo:

• Thailand State;
• Federation of Malaysia;
• Philippines;
• Indonesia;
• yedolobha isimo Singapore;
• Sultanate of Brunei;
• Vietnam (SRV);
• Lao (Lao PDR);
• -Union of Myanmar;
• Cambodia.

Ezinhlanu zokuqala zalezi amazwe abasunguli ASEAN. Zonke ezinye agelezela inhlangano kuwo wonke umlando ukuthuthukiswa yayo.

Ukwanda ASEAN

I Sultanate of Brunei, eVietnam, Laos, iMyanmar nakwamanye Cambodia elahlanganiswa ASEAN eminyakeni ezayo. States esifundeni ngokwethukela ukudonselwa ukuhlanganiswa mutual.

Inkulumo Echaza Isimo Sezwe Brunei kwaba lizwe lokuqala esifundeni, owazihlanganisa abasunguli ezinhlanu ASEAN. Kwathi ngo-1984, cishe ngokushesha nje izwe yakhululeka ekubusweni iBrithani.

Kodwa ukubusa Brunei kwakungandile uhlamvu olulodwa. Phakathi - engxenyeni 90s yesibili, amazwe amaningana wajoyina ASEAN, futhi lokhu kuyinkomba yezitayela ezithile futhi isithunzi ubulungu enhlanganweni.

Ngo-1995 waba ilungu ASEAN eVietnam - ezweni lapho ukuphathwa yayisekelwe imibono kaMarx. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngaphambi amazwe kuphela aba isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa ASEAN wathatha imodeli Western. Ukungena inhlangano isimo lamaKhomanisi eziboniswe ushona lokuhlanganisa izinqubo esifundeni kwi igunya yokundlelana kwezomnotho phezu izingxabano zezombangazwe.

Ngo-1997, i-Association of Southeast Asia Nations eyayihambisana amalungu amabili. Yibona kweLaos Myanmar. Eyokuqala wabo futhi ibuye ibe yizwe ukuthi saba ngabantu abanjani phakathi uhlobo lamaKhomanisi yentuthuko.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo enhlanganweni angene Cambodia, kodwa ngenxa yeziyaluyalu zezombusazwe liye luhlehliswe 1999. Nokho, ngo-1999, konke kwahamba kahle, futhi isimo isibe ilungu okweshumi kwe ASEAN.

Isikhundla izingqapheli kukhona Papua New Guinea, e-East Timor nabanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-2011, i-East Timor uhambise isicelo esisemthethweni sokuba yilungu eligcwele enhlanganweni. Nakuba lolu hlelo lokusebenza isalinde.

Izilawuli

Ake sicabangele izimpendulo zemibuzo ASEAN nokubusa isakhiwo.

Umzimba obuphakeme Association esiqongweni yezinhloko zemibuso, engena ezindlini ngezindlu ke. Kusukela ngo-2001, ubelokhu enziwa minyaka yonke, futhi ngaphambi kwesikhathi somhlangano ihlelwe kanye ngeminyaka emithathu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nokubambisana Kunenkolelo ngefomethi emihlangano abameleli Ministries Wezindaba Zangaphandle lamazwe iqhaza. Ayekholelwa nawukuthi ngonyaka. Eminyakeni yamuva, ngokuya baqala ukuyisa nendawo yomhlangano kanye nabamele amanye zezinkonzo, efana nezolimo kanye nomnotho.

ukuphathwa kwamanje ASEAN izindaba esiphathiswe Secretariat kwenhlangano, akhiwe eJakarta, e-Indonesia. Inhloko lo mgwamanda uNobhala Jikelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ASEAN inabasebenzi ezintathu kweshumi amakomiti kanye namaqembu angaphezu kwayikhulu ukusebenza.

Imisebenzi ASEAN

Cabanga iziqondiso eziyisisekelo umsebenzi wenhlangano.

Okwamanje, idokhumenti eziyisisekelo, okuyinto ethathwa njengolibo isisekelo sokunquma ukuthuthukiswa jikelele amasu kwenhlangano kanye ubudlelwano phakathi kwalo, isivumelwano sisayinwe e Bali, izihambeli lamazwe iqhaza.

Kusukela 1977 ke waqala ukusebenza ngomhlaka sivumelwano ukuhweba phakathi amazwe esifundeni. Ukuhlanganiswa umnotho South-East Asian wabelwa e-1992 ukudalwa indawo yesifunda yohwebo khulula, eyaziwa ngokuthi AFTA. Ochwepheshe abaningi kubhekwa impumelelo enkulu ASEAN. Kulesi sigaba we-Association, njengoba isihloko umthetho international, ukuthi sisebenza ukwenza izivumelwano zohwebo ne China, India, Commonwealth of Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Republic of Korea nakwamanye amazwe amaningana.

Ekuqaleni kwawo-90 okuphawulekayo ikakhulukazi kwaba usongo ukubusa kwezomnotho nezombusazwe e-United States ngo-esifundeni. It ezama ukuvimba Malaysia. Izwe ezihlongozwayo ukudalwa uMkhandlu, okwakuyoholela, ngaphandle ASEAN amazwe China, South naseJapane. Le nhlangano yayiwukuvikela izithakazelo lesifunda. Kodwa iphrojekthi asisebenzanga, ngoba wahlangana ukumelana olushubile oluvela US naseJapane.

Nokho, China, naseJapane namanje kuletsa ukuze imisebenzi Association. Ngenxa yale njongo, kwase kunesiqiniseko ngo-1997 Inhlangano ye "ASEAN plus ezintathu".

Olunye uhlelo okubalulekile umsebenzi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kutepolitiki esifundeni. Kusukela ngo-1994, waqala iforamu abasebenza zokuphepha, ngokuthi ARF. Noma kunjalo-ke, amalungu inhlangano engafuni ukuvula ASEAN ibe Bloc lempi. Ngo-1995, besayina isivumelwano, okuyinto waqaphela South East Asia esifundeni khulula kusuka zenuzi.

Ngaphakathi Inhlangano ngenkuthalo balwe nezinkinga zemvelo.

amathemba ukuthuthukiswa

Ngaphezu kwalokho kuhlanganiswa kwetemnotfo esifundeni, kanye ushona ukubambisana namanye amazwe Asia-Pacific esifundeni kuyinto ebaluleke ngoba ASEAN esikhathini esizayo. Lolu hlelo kuhloswe ngalo ukuba lelisu ASEAN Single Community, eyasungulwa ngo-2015.

Omunye umsebenzi wenhlangano esikhathini esizayo esiseduze - ukuvala igebe ekuthuthukisweni kwezomnotho phakathi kwamalungu. Thailand, Singapore kanye Malaysia izwe kwezomnotho kude ngaphambi kwamanye amazwe esifundeni. Ngo-2020 sihlelwe ukuba kakhulu ukunciphisa igebe.

Inani inhlangano

ukubaluleka ASEAN sika sokuthuthukiswa emazweni South-East Asian likhulu kakhulu. Kusukela yaqala ukuba khona, Association ingenye ezifundeni Asia emuva kakhulu wajoyina inani ehola hhayi kuphela kuleli zwekazi kodwa emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kakhulu kwanciphisa inani ezimpini esifundeni. Ukuthuthukiswa ubudlelwane bezomnotho phakathi amalungu Association kunomthelela ukuchuma kwabo.

Ngokuqinisekile amacebo inhlangano - ukufinyelela iphakama okukhulu nakakhulu.