Armenia - futhi bayini? izici eziyinhloko

Emlandweni wezwe, zalandelwa impucuko, ayebonakala futhi yanyamalala unomphela wonke abantu, izilimi. izizwe eziningi zanamuhla nobuzwe sesakhiwe ekupheleni yokuqala yeminyaka AD. Nokho, kanye namaPheresiya, amaJuda, amaGreki, kusekhona okunye ukwaziwa abantu, kabani abamele bathole ukwakhiwa kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe waseGibhithe, ubuKristu basungulwa nezinye izenzakalo eziningi ziyaphawuleka endala lasendulo. Armenia - futhi bayini? Kuyini umehluko phakathi kwabo kanye angomakhelwane abantu zaseCaucasia, futhi siyini ngeqhaza labo umlando wezwe namasiko?

Ukubukeka Armenia

Njengazo zonke izizwe, umsuka okuyinto uya kude emuva ku umlando ukuvela Armenia zithandelana izinganekwane kanye izinganekwane esidlule, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuba ezinganekwaneni temlomo, ngocansi phakathi nezinkulungwane zeminyaka, unikeze izimpendulo ezicacile xaxa futhi enembile kuka yemibono eminingi ecatshangelwayo ngokwesayensi.

Ngokusho yetinsita ethandwa, umsunguli we wekuba sive Armenia futhi eqinisweni sonke isizwe-Armenian kuyinto inkosi yasendulo, u-Ike. Emuva cishe enkulungwaneni yesithathu BC, yena nebutho lakhe lafika ogwini lweLake Van. Agasti 11, 2107 BC. e. impi okwenzeka phakathi okhokho Armenia yesimanje futhi amabutho nesi yinkosi Utuhengala, okwakubekelwa iwine Ike. Lolu suku kubhekwa iphuzu kokuqala kwe-ikhalenda kazwelonke reference futhi iholide kazwelonke. Igama lenkosi ngokwalo zanikela igama abantu (self-Armenia - okusezingeni eliphezulu).

Izazi-mlando bakhetha ukusebenzisa indlela yokucabanga zibuthuntu kakhudlwana futhi usongene, okuyinto uhlala ngempela nokungaqiniseki okukhulu ngemvelaphi abantu ezifana Armenia. Yikuphi uhlanga bona - futhi impikiswano ngokokukhetha kwabacwaningi ahlukahlukene.

Iqiniso liwukuthi endaweni ye-Armenian Plateau e yokuqala yeminyaka BC. e. kwakukhona isimo nge impucuko athuthukile - URARTU. Abamele abantu hurarty exovwe bendawo, kancane kancane wathatha ulimi futhi elakha isizwe ezifana Armenia. Yini banayo iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili, ngalokho ababenakho nobuso - omunye idrama.

I emlandweni womzabalazo ubunikazi

Zonke izizwe ubhekene emlandweni waso nge kuhlasela angaphandle, sizama ukushintsha uqobo isizwe. Lonke umlando Armenia - alwa abahlaseli eziningi. EPheresiya, ama-Arabhu,-Turks - bona bonke zangishiya emlandweni Armenia. Nokho, abantu basendulo abakhuluma ulimi lwabo bodwa ebhaliwe, ulimi nenokuzinza qotho ebuzweni tribal kwakungelula sokwetshisa, ukuncibilikisa phakathi abokufika elikhuluma olunye ulimi. Konke lokhu kwaba inkani ngu-Armenia. Inkolo yilokho abanakho, onjani omakhelwane - lezi zinkinga nazo ekubeni kuncike engxabanweni.

Ukuphendula lo sekukaningi eyenziwe abantu abaxoshwe ezindlini abahlala ngempoqo abantu izinyathelo ensimini Iran, Turkey, kwahlelwa kohlanga. Umphumela waba ukuthuthela kwamanye amazwe kwenqwaba ka Armenia emhlabeni wonke, ngenxa lokho diasporas kazwelonke zinkulu kakhulu futhi phakathi kwamaqembu ziyezwana athishela kakhulu emhlabeni wonke.

Ekhulwini XVIII, isibonelo, kwathiwa bafeza Izindawo ka kwabaMhlophe e osebeni Don, lapho afike wasungula khona emzini Nakhichevan-on-Don. Ngakho, inani elikhulu Armenia ngo eningizimu yeRussia.

inkolo

Ngokungafani nezinye izizwe eziningi, kungenzeka ukunquma kahle ukuthi ngonyaka Armenia bamukela ubuKristu. NeSonto LeSizwe elalingekho ingenye endala kakhulu emhlabeni futhi isikhathi eside ithola uzibuse. Folk isiko kanye ngokucacile unika amagama abashumayeli lokuqala abasha ngesikhathi ukholo - Thaddeus noBartolomewu. Ngo 301 King Trdat III ekugcineni wanquma ubuKristu njengenkolo isimo.

Abantu abaningi bavame ulahleke impendulo yombuzo othi lokho ukholo lwezindaba Armenia. Ukuze okuyinto usakaze babhekisela - amaKatolika, iSonto Lobu-Orthodox? Eqinisweni, ngisho phakathi wesine AD leminyaka, kwanqunywa ezimele babefundisi ukhetho wabaBishobhi. Maduzane, Armenia Apostolic Church ekugcineni alishiye WaseByzantium futhi babe ezizimele ngokugcwele. Chalcedon yachaza nezimfundiso eziyisisekelo esontweni lendawo iminyaka 451 ubudala, okuyinto ezinye izinto zazingaphezu sihluke kakhulu nemithetho engumakhelwane aseMpumalanga obu-Orthodox.

ulimi

Ulimi inquma yobudala abantu, kwenza kube ivelele phakathi nezinye izizwe. ulimi Armenia waqala lasungulwa emuva phakathi 1st yeminyaka BC. e. ensimini ka URARTU. abahlaseli Alien hurarty kufakwe nabantu bendawo futhi wathatha ngolimi lwakhe njengoba base. Armenia ubhekwa njengomunye izilimi zasendulo impela Indo-European. Kuyinto emkhayeni Indo-European izilimi kuhlanganisa pheze zonke izizwe eYurophu namuhla, India, nase-Iran.

Abanye abacwaningi baye ukubeka ngisho phambili umbono ocatshangelwayo ngokugqamile ukuthi kwaba lwesigodi lasendulo Armenia ngaleyo ndlela ulimi Proto-Indo-European, okuvela kulo kamuva kwavela the esiNgisini sanamuhla, isiFulentshi, isiRashiya, isi-Persian nezinye izilimi bayingxenye enkulu sabantu ezweni lanamuhla.

lokubhala

Kunzima ukulondoloza ngolimi lwabo, isiko kanye nokuzazi kanye nokuzazisa kazwelonke, hhayi ukugcina ulwazi njengoba yayinjalo. umbhalo wakhe - enye impendulo yombuzo othi base-Armenia - lokho abayikho.

I iziqalo lokuqala zamagama ayo uvele ngaphambi kwenkathi yobuKristu. Abapristi amasonto Armenia baye baklama secret code yabo, lapho akha khona izindlwana izincwadi zawo ezingcwele. Nokho, ngemva kokumiswa ubuKristu zonke izikhumbuzo ebhaliwe Armenia lasendulo kwabhujiswa njengoba yobuqaba. UbuKristu waba nendima esemqoka ekunikeni ukuvela zamagama kazwelonke.

Ngemva ukuthola ukuzimela Armenia Apostolic Church kwaba umbuzo wokuhumushela iBhayibheli nezinye izincwadi ezingcwele ngolimi lwabo. Kwanqunywa, kanye kudalwa siqu imishini yabo ukurekhoda. Eminyakeni 405-406 enlightener Mesrop Mashtots athuthukile zamagama Armenia. Nge yokunyathelisa uyincwadi yokuqala ku zamagama Armenia yanyatheliswa ngo-1512 e-Venice.

isiko

Isiko kubantu uyaziqhenya ahambe ekujuleni 1st yeminyaka BC. e. Ngisho nangemva kokulahlekelwa ngokushaqisayo wokuzibusa base-Armenia agcinwayo okwakhe kanye nasezingeni eliphezulu of ukuthuthukiswa yobuciko nesayensi. Ngemva kokubuyiselwa kwekhulu IX ezimele umbuso Armenia kwavela uhlobo ekuvuselelweni kwamasiko.

Ukusungulwa kwe-ngokubhala siqu yayo isiye yisisusa esinamandla ukuvela imisebenzi ebhaliwe. Ngo VIII-X eminyaka kwakhiwa nendumezulu omkhulu ngokubabazekayo "UDavide Sasunsky" mayelana umzabalazo wokulwa abanqobi Arab ababe Armenia. Lokho abakukhulumile wadala izikhumbuzo etemibhalo - isihloko ingxoxo ehlukile ebanzi.

Umculo ezizwe Caucasian - ngesihloko onothile ingxoxo. A ezihlukahlukene oluthile Armenia okhetheke khulu. Ngesikhathi abantu yasekuqaleni - amathuluzi yokuqala yomculo. Duduk umculo kuye kwahlanganiswa ngisho ezisenza UNESCO njengoba omunye izinjongo namagugu angaphatheki kwezamasiko lwesintu.

Nokho, ngenxa izakhi yendabuko isiko kungcono kakhulu abantu abavamile ujwayelene cuisine Armenia. nemiqathane - Pita isinkwa, imikhiqizo yobisi - matsun, tan. Ayikho umndeni self-ukuhlonipha Armenia ngeke ahlale etafuleni okukhona ibhodlela lewayini, ngokuvamile elenziwa ekhaya.

Olumnyama amakhasi omlando

Noma yimuphi ungubani abantu, ngolaka nimelana ukumuncwa futhi nokwenziwa iba into aqinile ukuzonda abahlaseli. AseNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga-Armenian, phakathi kwamaPheresiya nabaseTurkey, ke ngokuphindiwe sezithotshiselwe phansi kohlanga. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke iyona kohlanga-Armenian, kwakukhona into emlandweni.

Phakathi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, abaseTurkey ihlelwe a kuqothulwa real kakhulu Armenia ophilayo endaweni Western Armenia, ilungu ke Turkish. Labo abasinda kulolu lwalesi sibhicongo, abangu ngaphansi ukuxoshwa ophoqelelwe ehlane uyinyumba futhi awusona isehluleki.

Ngenxa yalokho lesi senzo engakaze ibonwe ngesihluku ngokubulala abantu abangu-1.5 million kwangu-2. Inhlekelele edabukisayo ingenye yezinto ngaphezulu esihlanganisa Armenia emhlabeni wonke umuzwa ukuhileleka izenzakalo kahle leyo minyaka.

Ukungathembeki iziphathimandla Turkish ukuthi they nzonzobala bayenqaba ukwamukela amaqiniso asobala zabantu ababulawa ngamabomu labantu ngokusekelwe uhlanga, ebhekisela ukulahlekelwa ongenakugwenywa sempi. Ukwesaba ukuthi ngeke usakwazi ubuso ukuvuma icala manje obusa umqondo kanembeza ihlazo osopolitiki Turkish.

Armenia. Ziyakwazi namuhla

Kukangaki ihlaya manje, Armenia - akusiyo ezweni, futhi ehhovisi, njengoba ingxenye enkulu yesizwe abahlala ngaphandle republic entabeni. Baningi abantu baye bahlakazeka emhlabeni wonke njengombonisi wawo ngenxa yezimpi ukunqoba ayehlasela lizwe. Diaspora Armenia, kanye abangamaJuda namuhla munye kakhulu futhi ugxile emazweni amaningi - US, eFrance, eJalimane, e-Russia, Lebanon.

Armenia ngokwayo ngasibuyisela uzibuse akunjalo kudala, kanye wokugoqa wase-USSR. Le nqubo kwakulandelwa impi kwegazi e -Nagorno-Karabakh, othiwa Artsakh Armenia. Ngentando osopolitiki, usike, kudlule nasemkhawulweni ka-republic Transcaucasian, insimu elinabantu ogxile Armenia bekuyingxenye Azerbaijan.

Phakathi kuwa umbuso waseSoviet, Armenia ka Karabakh yafuna ilungelo esisemthethweni lekutimela ikusasa yabo. Lokhu kuholele esempini kanye izimpi ezalandela-Armenia ne-Azerbaijan. Naphezu ukusekelwa Turkey namanye amazwe, inzuzo eyethusayo izinombolo, ibutho Azerbaijani lahluleka ichoboza futhi ushiye indawo phikisa.

Armenia iminyaka eminingi abahlala eRussia, ikakhulu eziningi kubo eningizimu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi ayibange isaba bakosontjhaba kwamehlo abantu bendawo futhi babe ingxenye yomphakathi kwezamasiko.