Amebiasis emathunjini: ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa

amebiasis emathunjini: kuyini? Kuyinto isifo lalivamile ezithathelwanayo okuyinto kuhambisana lesion eyinhloko tube emathunjini, kanye nezinye izitho kanye nezinhlelo emva inqubo nje okungaqondile. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu inqubo sokugembula okungaholela ekufeni.

definition

amoebiasis emathunjini - isifo kubangelwa pathogenic zinhlobo Entamoeba histolytica. Lokhu umzimba elula isakazeke emazweni kunomswakama futhi kuyashisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emazweni elise ezindaweni ezishisayo futhi ezisondelene nazo, ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu lokunakekelwa kwezenhlalo, izifo emathunjini ngakho zenzeka iningi labantu. Lena enkulu yezempilo zomphakathi esiphuthumayo lamazwe yezwe yesithathu.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kuyingozi amebiasis womuntu, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kuyinto yesibili kuphela ukufa umalaleveva. Cishe isigamu kwabantu abayizigidi eziyinkulungwane emhlabeni kukhona abathwali Entamoeba histolytica. Abantu abangamaphesenti ayishumi kubo babe izimpawu zokwelashwa, futhi amaphesenti angu-ngisho ngesikhathi amabili eza ukufa emirarweni ngaphandle ukubonakaliswa lokuqala isifo.

Ukumikiswa njalo abantu kusuka emazweni asathuthuka ukuze kunomthelela elichumayo ukuze ukusabalala pathogen futhi abagulela ukufa kukhuphuke. ERussia mayelana nesigameko ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe esuka emazweni Middle East, lesi sifo chithi saka.

omsakazo

amebiasis emathunjini kubangelwa izicubu-Ukuqedwa noma uhudo amoeba, okuyinto uhlala mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we obukhulu emathunjini womuntu. I amoeba kungaba khona izinhlobo ezintathu: fibrosis, izicubu, futhi luminal precystic.

1. ifomu Tissue atholakala kuphela iziguli esigabeni acute lesi sifo kuphela emisipheni amathumbu, kodwa hhayi kwesihlalo. Kuyinto yayincane amoeba, okuyinto esithambile futhi ectoplasm endoplasm hhayi equkethe organelles. Iya emzimbeni ngosizo prolegs. Leli fomu kungaba amunca abomvu egazi, kanye The enzyme washaywa akusiza ukuthi wakhe singene mucosa kanye submucosal ungqimba emathunjini. Kubangela necrosis kwezicubu kanye nezilonda.
2. ifomu Luminal itholakala mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we-colon. It udla amagciwane ezakha flora evamile yomuntu, kanye nezicubu detritus esukela ulceration. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka kwabantu abaye bahlupheka ifomu acute lesi sifo noma kukhona abathwali. Ubukhulu of ukunyakaza ezincane kukhona kancane kuka izicubu.
3. Precystic yakha inguquko seyatholakala kuphela lolu hlobo amoebae. Amelana izindlela magciwane futhi ngokushesha uyafa ngaphandle aphethe.
4. Izinhlumba kukhona imiqumbe ifomu dysenteric Ameba. Ngakho-ke kungaba khona imvelo. Lokhu kungekho nto enemibala emihle round amaseli abe cores ezine kanye vacuole. Leli fomu atholakala okuqukethwe emathunjini bese convalescent zenethiwekhi.

lwezifo

amebiasis emathunjini - ke ukutheleleka anthroponotic. Yileyo ejenti causative yezimpilo kuphela abantu sisuka kumuntu nomuntu. Lo mshini ukudluliswa fecal-temlomo ukudluliswa indlela zingahluka :. ngokusebenzisa amanzi, ukudla, izimpahla zasendlini, noma xhumana "isikhumba-to-isikhumba" Umuntu isithwali, kungase nsuku kwehlukaniswa umzimba, izigidi izinhlumba futhi engase ngegciwane nxazonke. Le ndlela amoebae ingaqhubeka iphila endaweni evulekile ngaphezu kwenyanga, futhi ngesikhathi zeqhwa - sikhatsi lesingaba tinyanga letisitfupha. Emanzini kampompi lwegciwane uhlala izinyanga ezingaphezu kuka ezimbili, futhi phezu kwenhlabathi - engaphansana nje kwengu-amasonto amabili.

Odokotela bazama ukuxilonga kudala njengoba amoebiasis emathunjini kungaba. Izimpawu ekunakekeleni abantu besifazane nezingane ayakhula ngokushesha, futhi lesi sifo kunzima. Ngakho-ke, uma kubhekwa ukushuba eceleni zomzimba nokuqina kwazo imvelo bangaphandle, kubalulekile ukugcina sinemikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko futhi afeze njalo yokuhlanza ezimanzi kwezakhiwo ne izibulali-magciwane.

nokudlanga

amebiasis emathunjini kwandile, kungakhathaliseki isimo sezulu noma uhlanga. Emazweni ashisayo, iphesenti amacala ngenhla, kodwa nakwezinye izindawo le ukutheleleka futhi ivamile impela. Ukubhebhetheka kwalesi sifo kunomthelela abampofu isiko sanitary sabantu kanye nezimo ezimbi yokuhlanzeka: ukungabi khona kwamanzi emithonjeni emaphakathi, zife udoti ukuhlanzwa emiseleni.

Isibalo sabantu abangakwazi abathwali lwegciwane, futhi ngisho nokuwabona lokugula kwabo, izikhathi eziningi kunenani zalabo ngilugcinile izimpawu zokwelashwa. Kwamanye amazwe lokhu sibalo antante amaphesenti amane sabantu. Uma isimo sezulu sifudumele eqoshiwe legciwane oqabukelayo. Lezo zincwadi uchaza kokugqashuka amoebiasis kuzilungiselelo ejele futhi emabhalekisini.

Esikhathini CIS amazwe extractor amoeba, avame ukuba abantu human immunodeficiency virus, ujova abasebenzisa izidakamizwa kanye neziguli AIDS. lwegciwane ukudluliswa kwenzeka ngesikhathi unhlangothi efudumele.

pathogenesis

amebiasis emathunjini - kuyini? Lena esindayo ukutheleleka emathunjini ukuthi yenzeka izilonda ikholoni. Ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo ngenxa izakhiwo lwegciwane. Ngemva kokugwinya indoda izinhlumba ke echayeke imvelo esidi isisu kanye ezincane amathumbu enzyme ludlulele ifomu vegetative.

Omunye simila uphendulela amoeba eziyisishiyagalombili, ukuhambisa kulezi zingxenye engenhla ikholoni. Ngenkathi amasosha omzimba womuntu suppresses reproduction mass amoeba, abazi azibonakali: zidla ama-bacterium chyme. Kodwa uma izimo sebeqala umusa kubo, isibonelo, kungukuphula asidi, wamathumbu odongeni ukulimala, peristalsis kahle, ukuvela izimpethu noma ukucindezeleka, pathogen uqala ngenkuthalo ziyanda futhi zingene kusukela inesikhala tube emathunjini e odongeni yakhe.

Amagciwane ukukhishwa protease, hemolysin nezinye enzyme ukuthi ababhubhise kwezicubu ukusiza lwegciwane ukuze ukungena ingaphakathi lomzimba. Neutrophil (izicubu macrophage) ozama ukuba sidle amoebae, kunalokho, elicibilikile walulama monooksidanty ezithuthukisa ukuvuvukala necrosis. Ezindaweni lapho kukhona kuhlangana izilonda kunemibandela microflora pathogenic futhi pathogenic, agent causative of siyifinyelela ngokujulile izicubu futhi liphindaphindeke ngokushesha. Njengoba kunguJesu osemqoka kulezi eyinhloko noma kwakhiwa ithumba.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uyivule, bese endaweni yayo kwakhiwa ukususa isilonda imiphetho podrytymi futhi necrosis maphakathi. Lwamafinyila uzama ukuvala icala ne izicubu ezintsha, futhi granulation. Ekugcineni, kukhona cystic lwamafinyila, nezibazi futhi strictures. Abscesses awaveli ngesikhathi esifanayo. ungathola kokubili fresh Izilonda kwambulwe phezu mucosa kapopopo has Epithelialising nezibazi.

Izilonda angase ajule ukuze zingene lonke ukushuba odongeni, futhi kungaba imbangela isitho perforation nge peritonitis ukopha emathunjini. Lokhu kunomthelela nje okungaqondile lesi sifo futhi ukuthuthela amoeba ngemithambo yegazi nezinye kwezitho nezicubu.

izimpawu

I-World Health Organization ikhomba ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okungase ukuthuthukisa amebiasis emathunjini. Izimpawu ngamunye wabo sasivumela pathognomonic, ngakho uphethwe akakubangeli izinkinga eziphawulekayo.

nesifo Dysenteric. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lesi sifo. Kukhona zombili ukugeleza oyingozi futhi ezahlukeneyo eziningi ezingapheli. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni - kusukela emasontweni amabili kuya kwezine. The main uphawu - sohudo. Okokuqala, mayelana ayisithupha izikhathi ngosuku, kodwa ke izinga inyuka izikhathi ezingamashumi amabili noma ngaphezulu indle avele admixture kwegazi ne isikhwehlela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngemva kwalokho angene endleni uyoba njengomuthi ujeli we-raspberry. Izikhalazo ubuhlungu, izinga lokushisa noma ukukhathala umuntu alibonisi. Kodwa uma ezinzima kungase cramping ubuhlungu ngakwesokudla esiswini ephansi (ngokuvamile bedidekile ne ukuvuvukala esithasiselweni), futhi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu.

inqubo olunamandla ihlala amasonto angaphezu kwayisithupha, kulandelwa inkathi ukuthethelelwa. Ngezinye izikhathi uhamba ekululameni, kodwa siyindlala. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, lesi sifo liqale, kodwa kakade ifomu ezingamahlalakhona. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, inqubo ibambezelekile iminyaka. amoebiasis Okungalapheki zingahlukaniswa zibe amafomu yansukuzonke kanye okuqhubekayo.

Ezimweni yesifo yansukuzonke ngezikhathi exacerbation smeryayutsya remissions, kodwa izimpawu kungukuthi buvivinywe ngokugcwele, futhi kuphela ziphelelwa evelele (ezingeni wamaphaphu iziyaluyalu sezinyawo). Phakathi exacerbation uhudo hhayi lokushisa lomzimba kakhulu eshintsha avele ubuhlungu besisu, sokuhambela njalo ethoyilethi (kuqhathaniswa ukuthethelelwa). Okuqhubekayo kubo bonke sibonisa anda izimpawu emathunjini, ukubukeka igazi isikhwehlela e kwesihlalo.

Yesikhathi eside Yiqiniso lesi sifo depletes iziguli kakhulu, ayegubha kwegazi, kwesisindo kuze kube cachexia, izimpawu asthenovegetative.

amoebiasis extra-emathunjini

Penetration protozoan Amagciwane emzimbeni kungaba ukuzibonakalisa hhayi kuphela njengoba amoebiasis emathunjini. Izimpawu zesifo ingase ibe iyafana isifo zakudala, kodwa nokho bona zibangelwa lwegciwane efanayo. ifomu Extraintestinal kwenzeka lapho amoeba ingena kwegazi. Ngokuvamile isitho target iba isibindi, amaphaphu noma ubuchopho.

abscesses ukuthuthukisa emizimbeni oshiwo ngenhla. Yabo Imiphumela khona e isibindi anda futhi izinga lokushisa kuvuselwa izinombolo okusezingeni eliphezulu (39 noma ngaphezulu), nge ohambisana Ukugodola, ngijuluka (ikakhulukazi ebusuku). Uma okusithiyayo eqinile umsebenzi sesibindi zingavela jaundice. Ngezinye izikhathi ithumba siyakwehlela phezu beso noma elicibilikile nokuqukethwe ku ngalo ingaphakathi pleural. Lokhu kuphakamisa kumiswa empyema, iphaphu ithumba, futhi atelectasis.

amebiasis emathunjini ezinganeni

Phakathi amacala futhi abathwali Entamoeba histolytica izingane eziningi, ngoba awuligubhi lelo imithetho inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu futhi ngokuvamile uthole ezingcolile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baba buthakathaka isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba. Noma yimuphi umuntu abaneminyaka engama 5 kungenzeka amebiasis emathunjini. Izimpawu, ukwelashwa kanye ukuxilongwa azihlukile kakhulu kulezo abantu abadala. ukubonakaliswa Clinical uzwakalise ngokulinganisela, ngaphezulu okushisa okuvamile, ngaphansi ongaphakeme-grade. Uhudo kuthiwa cramping ngokwemvelo, kukhona streaks egazini sezinyawo ne isikhwehlela. Inombolo wokuphuthuma ziyahlukahluka kusuka izikhathi 2 kuya ku-15 ngosuku. Ubuhlungu besisu kungenzeka ukuthi ingabi khona ngenxa ukungapheleli uhlelo womntwana sezinzwa.

Wezingane kungaba nzima ukuhlonza i-amebiasis izimpawu emathunjini ezinganeni kuthiwa anyakaza futhi bezifihle njenge- ezinye izifo emathunjini. Ngakho udinga ukuqoqa ngokucophelela anamnesis, ukuze ucacise isikhathi phesheya, futhi khona izimpawu kule abazali.

ukuhlola

Ngo abadala ke ubuye ngempela isikhathi esiningi ukuxilonga "amebiasis emathunjini." Sifo iqala ukuqoqwa umlando epidemiological. Izimo, khona abantu abagulayo imvelo, ukuhamba ukuze mpumalanga ye-Asia esikhathini esidlule yamuva zifeze indima ebalulekile endaweni engaba lwegciwane ukutheleleka futhi kungaba Orient udokotela endaweni efanele.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla juqu yisifundo laboratory sezinyawo futhi ikholoni kwezicubu, abscesses okuqukethwe sesibindi wamaphaphu. emathunjini amebiasis isifo kuqinisekiswa khona asendabeni amafomu vegetative uhudo amoeba. Ukuze ukuhlola ngempumelelo, ucwaningo Kwenziwa ngokuphindaphindiwe, eziqala ngosuku lokuqala ukugula noma bayalivuma isiguli esibhedlela. Ithola amafomu kuphela luminal futhi simila hhayi isisekelo ukwanele uphethwe.

Uma imiphumela cwaningo negative parasitological noma okuxubile ke isinyathelo esilandelayo ekwakhiweni ukuhlolwa serological ngenxa ukuthola antigen noma amasosha pathogen e umthamo wegazi lesiguli. umbandela Yokucwaninga kuwukwanda ashukumisayo e omzimba titer e kane noma ngaphezulu ezingeni yasekuqaleni.

Kusukela nophenyo wezinsimbi eyenziwa isibindi ultrasonography, esimweni, ikhompyutha tomography noma i-magnetic resonance tomography. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ukuthola foci extra-emathunjini.

ukwelashwa

odokotela akuvamile ukulinda kuze kuyoba lapho ethola ukuthi unesifo "amoebiasis emathunjini", ukwelashwa waqala ngokushesha emva umuntu uthola esibhedlela. Ekuqaleni kwaba lingaze: ubuyisela ukulahlekelwa uketshezi futhi electrolyte ngemithambo yegazi iqondiswa izidakamizwa, ukusekela umsebenzi inhliziyo namaphaphu. Uma kukhona imfiva, kuyehla izinombolo eyamukelekayo. Ngemuva kokuthola ukuxilongwa esichazayo ixhunyiwe futhi ukwelashwa ethize.

Uma umuntu othwala amoeba ke ukhethe amoebocytes luminal anomthelela ukususwa ezidala emzimbeni zivimbela ukwanda kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli qembu imithi kanye neziguli kanye nezinye izinhlobo zesifo, ukuze aqede ngokuphelele lwegciwane kusuka emzimbeni.

Ezigulini ezine-acute uhudo amoebic khona amoebocytes izicubu isinyathelo ngqo amafomu vegetative pathogen, futhi uyisuse ku-kwezitho nezicubu. Kubalulekile ukuba ibhekane ngokugcwele imithi oyinikiwe, ngisho emva ukunyamalala izimpawu zokwelashwa. Sekube amacala yokuphindela emashumini isifo ngemva Engxenyeni yokuqala.

zokuvimbela

Yini okudingeka uyenze ukuze avimbele amebiasis emathunjini? Ukwelapha kuhloswe ngayo ukuqeda amagciwane kusukela nesineke, futhi umphumela zokuvimbela imvelo okunomsoco nezimo zokuphila yayo. Izifo isifo udokotela kufanele abone ingozi futhi ukuqhuba ucwaningo kulaba bantu, kanye sibakhuthaze ukuba afeze yokuhlanza jikelele endlini.

Ubungozi ngokuvamile uthole bonke abantu:

• kokuba zokugula wokugaya ukudla;
• izakhamuzi nemizana, lapho kungekho khona ukuthi amanzi eyodwa;
• abasebenzi umkhakha ukudla;
• abahambi;
• abantu ezahlukene ubulili.

luhlolo Clinical iziguli kukhishelwa ngonyaka odlule. Ucwaningo mayelana eceleni aphethwe njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu, futhi aphume ithuba, uma kwakukhona izimpawu of iziyaluyalu pheshana emathunjini. Ukuze aphule mshini ukudluliswa Kwenziwa magciwane lezinto, okwakukhona Ukukhetha nesineke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izincomo banikwa yokuthuthukisa umbuso sanitary-epidemiological.