Amatshe wokwakha: izinhlobo nezindawo

Amatshe wokwakha athola ukwabiwa okubanzi emklamo wokuhlobisa izakhiwo nezakhiwo zangasese, kanye nokwakhiwa kwezinto ezihlukahlukene.

Yiziphi izinhlobo

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zempahla yokwakha, ehlukile emvelaphi - yinto engokwemvelo futhi yemvelo. Imvelo yilawo wonke amadwala asetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa:

• Gravel;
• Amatshe amancane;
• I-Limestone;
• Sandstone;
• Shale;
• I-dolomite;
• I-Granite, njll.

Ahluke kuphela kwizici, njenge-frost ukumelana namandla, kodwa futhi nokubonakala-isakhiwo, iphethini nomthunzi. Ngakho-ke, ububanzi besicelo sabo buxhomeke ezakhiweni ezikhona, okuyisisekelo esinquma i-GOST.

Amatshe okwakhiwa kwemvelo evamile emhlobiso wezakhiwo wangaphakathi nangaphandle, lokhu kutholakala ngokuba khona kokuhlukahluka kombala kanye nokutholakala kwamaphethini kanye nezingqungquthela zangempela. Eziningi zalezi zinto zigoqiwe emakolishi, zihlukaniswe ngama-slabs ahlukene futhi zipholile. Umphumela uba ngetshe elinesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele nesibonelo.

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zamadwala aphakathi, amahlumela, ama-granite nama-marble asetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-mosaics enza njengemininingwane yokuhlobisa nokuhlobisa ukuhlobisa kwangaphakathi.

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Namuhla, itshe lendawo yokwakha limelelwa yizinhlobo ezahlukene eziyingxenye enkulu yentengo. Kodwa zonke izinhlobo zayo zinokufaneleka okuvamile, phakathi kwazo okufanele ukuphawula lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuhambisana kwemvelo. Lokhu kungenye yezinto eziphephile kakhulu zezempilo, ngakho-ke kusetshenziswe ngokuqinile emagcekeni kwanoma iyiphi injongo.
• Ukuzinza. Ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eminingi futhi ukushintsha ukubukeka kwamatshe wokwakha kubheka okuhle futhi kuhloniphekile.
• Ukuphikiswa ekuhlaselweni kwemishini nomlilo.
• Izakhiwo ezihlukahlukene, amaphethini, izinhlobo, ezikuvumela ukuthi udale ingaphakathi eliyingqayizivele langempela.
• Izinketho eziningi zingabizi kakhulu.

Impendulo eyinhloko yisisindo esikhulu semininingwane ebizwa, okuholela ekudingeni ukuqinisa isisekelo. Izakhiwo eziphezulu zokubamba iqhaza nazo zifaka isandla ekwandiseni inzuzo yesisindo.

Ngesikhathi samanje, kunokwenzeka ukuthi kutholakale ukuhlangabezana namatshe wokwakha zasendle - lokhu kuyinto ebonakalayo yonke, equkethe imibala ehlukahlukene. Izici eziphezulu zamandla zinikeza inqwaba yesicelo - kokubili ukuhlobisa nokwakhiwa.

Imikhiqizo

"Itshe elitjeli alishiyi" - le nkulumo evamile iyakulungele ukucaciswa kwezinto eziningi ezichazwe. Naphezu kokuqina kwetshe futhi ukuthembeka okukhulu, kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokuhambisana nenhloso yalo. Ngokwesibonelo, ungaletha imabula ukuze uqedele izitebhisi. Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esingaphandle kwetshe elinjalo akuyona into engathandeki, njengoba izolahlekelwa masinyane ukubonakala kwayo ngenxa yokuguqulwa kokushisa okunamandla kanye nomthamo ophezulu wokumamanzi kwamanzi. Okunye okumele uqaphele kuyadingeka ukuthi uxhumane nochwepheshe lapho ufaka ama-slabs kusuka kwento ebiza kakhulu neyesikhashana.

I-Shell rocker ne-hood

I-Shell rock ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubeka ama-piers nezakhiwo zodonga. Kungathatha futhi isitini esivamile ngenxa yokucubungula okulula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuvezwa kwamazinga aphezulu okushisa, okubangela ukushisa nokubhujiswa kwesakhiwo, kunciphisa ukulingana kwalo.

Itshe lihlukaniswa izinga eliphezulu lokushisa, ukuqina nokuthembeka, ngakho ezakhiweni zalo, ihlobo lipholile, futhi ezinyangeni zasebusika kuyashisa kakhulu. Lokhu kunomthelela ekwenzeni ukuthi imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokwakha ivame ukuqhutshwa ngaleyo ncazelo.

I-hood-hood isetshenziselwa ukufaka indawo yokuqala neyaphansi komhlaba ezakhiweni zokuhlala, ngokuya kokudalwa kokukhonjiswa kokukhonkolo. Lezi zinto zithatha umswakama ovela emvelweni ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme lamanzi ekubunjweni, ngakho-ke kuhlanganiswa nge-wool mineral noma i-polystyrene foam. Uma imithetho ye-insulation yokushisa engabhekwa noma izinto ezimbi, isendlini iyoba yimbi kakhulu futhi ibanda.

Ukukhishwa kwamatshe kubonakala ngokukhiqizwa kwesamba esikhulu socansi olubizwa ngokuthi i-tirsa. Isebenza njenge-substitution for sand and river sand, futhi, njengomthetho, isetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kwemithi yamasheya. Lokhu kubanika amandla engeziwe futhi kuvimbela ukuchitha uma kunzima. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili: ezimhlophe nokuphuzi. Lokhu kusetshenziswe ikakhulukazi ekwenzeni ubuciko futhi kuhlukaniswa nengxenyana enkulu.

Indaba edalwe umuntu

Amatshe wokwakha amakhemikhali akuyona into eyenziwa yamuva, umkhiqizo wayo unomlando omude, njengesibonelo, ungaletha isitini. Namuhla ukuhlanganiswa kwezinsiza ezinjalo kuye kwandiswa kakhulu, kwahlukahlukahluka okuhlukahlukene ukuthi ukulingisa amatshe emvelo, futhi kunzima ukuhlukanisa nabo abangewona ochwepheshe. Itshe lokufakelwa lihlukaniswe ngokwezinhloso zalo ezinhlobonhlobo: amabhuloho, ukuhlobisa kwangaphakathi nokungaphandle kusebenza.

• Izinto ezisetshenziselwa i-gypsum ezifanelekile zifanelekile kuphela ngomsebenzi wangaphakathi, lokhu kubangelwa ukumelana nokuqina kwamaqhwa kanye nokwamukelwa okukhulu komswakama ovela emoyeni ohamba phambili. I-analog yekhonkrithi inokumelana nokuqina kwama-frost, kodwa futhi kubiza ngaphezulu.
• Izinto ze-Ceramic zikhiqizwa ngenkathi kusetshenziselwa ukushisa okuphezulu emahheni akhethekile.
• I-polyester ngamatshe inezici eziphezulu zokuhlobisa nezikhwepha, iqukethe izitsha zamaminerali.
• Izinto zoketshezi zenziwe ngezingxenye zamaminerali kanye ne-acrylic binder nesakhiwo se-liquid.
• Inguqulo ye-acrylic inesilinganiso esiphakeme se-thermoplasticity, ngakho-ke ingaba nokubunjwa okwengeziwe.

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Amatshe wokwakha amakhono anezici eziningi ezinhle, kuhlanganise okulandelayo:

• Ukusetshenziswa kokuphindaphindiwe.
• Amandla ahlukile nokuthembeka esimweni sokusebenzisa kahle.
• Ukumelana nokuthutha, kuyilapho kungenziwa ukwanda ngemithi yokwelapha ekhethekile.
• Ukufakwa okulula.
• Isisindo esincane.
• Izinga eliphakeme lokuhlanzeka, okubangelwa ukungabi khona kwemifantu emincane nokulimala.
• Izindleko eziphansi, uma kuqhathaniswa nenketho yemvelo.

Phakathi kweziphambeko kufanele kubone ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zamatshe zokwakha zinokulinganisela kokusetshenziswa, futhi angeke zisetshenziswe njengezinto zokwakha izakhiwo ezithwala imithwalo.

Izakhiwo zetshe elichotshoziwe

Itshe elichotshoziwe lingenye yezakhiwo ezivame kakhulu emsebenzini wokwakha. Isetshenziselwa lapho udala imigwaqo, amapaki okuhlobisa, futhi ukhona nokhonkolo. Yenziwe ngamadwala futhi inesakhiwo esibi.

Amandla alo mkhakha anqunywe ukuvezwa komfutho ophezulu nokuchoboza etafuleni elikhethekile. Uhlelo olubanzi lokumaka lusetshenziswa, olukhomba isicelo esithile.

Izimpawu zokuqhwa kwamaqhwa zibonisa inani lemikhawulo yokuqandisa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwezinto zangempela, lezi zimingcele zichazwe ku-GOST 8269-87. Futhi kufanele uqaphele i-radioactivity. Kubalulekile lapho ukhetha izinto zokwakha izindawo zokuhlala.

Indlela yokukhiqiza

Amatshe aqhekekile avela ngamatshe angokwemvelo yokwakha angaba nemvelaphi engokwemvelo. Inguqulo yokugcina yenziwe ngodwala oluchotshoziwe. Kunezinhlobo eziningi, isibonelo, i-marble, i-dolomite, i-basalt nabanye. Isakhiwo nobukhulu bezinhlamvu zixhomeke kwizici zayo eziyinhloko.

Izinto zokwakha zisetshenziselwa ukwenza izinto zokufakelwa. Ibuye ithole ukwabiwa okwanele, kodwa inezilinganiso ezithile ezibangelwa izinga elingaphansi lamandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubiza ngaphansi kwe-analogue yemvelo futhi kuyadingeka ekubunjweni kwengqimba engezansi kanye nokudala ukhonkolo.

Amatshe agwetshiwe amaGranite negravel

Ilitshe le-granite likhishwe emadwaleni amadwala futhi lihlanganisa izinto ezinjenge-quartz kanye ne-mica. Idlula ukwelashwa okhethekile kokugaya, emva kwalokho ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezahlukene. Izinto ezibonakalayo njengezigcwalisi zokudala ukhonkolo ngamandla aphezulu kanye nezakhi zokuhlobisa ekuklanyeleni iziqephu nezindlalelo. Ihlukaniswa nobukhona bezingxenye ezine-shades nezakhiwo ezahlukene, ukuthola indawo yesilazi ngemuva kokupholisa.

Igrafu incane futhi iyindilinga. Inesakhiwo esibi futhi akukho ukungcola ekubunjweni. Itshe le-gully noma lamatshe lisetshenziselwa ukuklama umhlaba lapho kuhlobisa imibhede yemifula kanye nezinqolobane zokufakelwa.