Amandla flatworms. I flatworms okuphakelayo?

Zonke abameleli izilwane ezinamangqamuzana amaningi ngamazinga ahlukene kwenhlangano, izici isici ekuphileni izinqubo kanye ehlangana taxa ethize - izinhlobo. Linani selilonkhe lebantfu labange-7 Uhlobo flatworms ungomunye wabo. Lezi zidalwa kahle ingashintshwa ukuze nemibandela khona futhi uthathe injongo yaso yemvelo. Kukanjani flatworms ukudla? Izimpendulo ufuna esihlokweni sethu.

Izici Jikelele flatworms

Igama abameleli leli qembu taxonomic wathola sibonga sokwakheka komzimba. Isigaba engu- sifana flatworms ishidi noma ithephu. Lezi zilwane zinezikhathi wesimethri zamazwe amabili kanye okwenyanga isitho izinhlelo. uhlelo zemisipha ethulwa isikhumba-kwemisipha isaka, esakhiwa eziningana ebusweni epithelium futhi imisipha izingqimba. Uhlelo excretory siqukethe ijabulise mncane, ngaphandle nibonakala kokuvula ikhule ezimbotsheni.

Iningi izimpethu flat - hermaphrodites, kodwa ezinye zingandiswa futhi vegetatively. Ngo zinhlobo yisinanakazana ushintsho abanikazi siyenzeka emjikelezweni wokuphila - juqu Lesisemkhatsini. Isimiso sezinzwa yakhiwa izingxenye ezimaphakathi neuropathy. Kodwa flatworms zokuphefumula babe futhi afeze negesi lokushintshisana ngaphesheya bonke ubuso umzimba.

ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

Phakathi kwezilwane sitholakala kukho kokubili zinhlobo yisinanakazana futhi khulula-ophilayo, ebheka amandla flatworms. Bona zingatholakala ezilwandle, amanzi ahlanzekile, futhi kakhulu kuyaqabukela kusezweni e emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo.

zinhlobo ezidlayo siphile emathunjini futhi isibindi kwezilwane eziningi: izinkomo, izingulube, izinja, amakati, ngisho isidoda imikhomo. Ezinye izinhlobo zawo eziyingozi ukuphila emzimbeni womuntu.

Izici wokugaya ukudla

Isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene uhlobo avaliwe flatworm. It siqukethe le umlomo namathumbu. Kukanjani flatworms ukudla? izinhlayiyana zokudla ufake ngomlomo kuthiwa kugaywe emathunjini branched, futhi izinsalela ziphinde zisuswe ngembobo elise ekupheleni phambi emzimbeni.

Amandla flatworms ukuthi kukhona indlela yisinanakazana wokuphila, kungenxa aphethe. Kulezi izinhlobo olahlekile ngokuphelele izitho wokugaya ukudla. Kakade kugaywe izinto ziba ngokusebenzisa izembozo.

amandla flatworms

Izikelemu ezihlala imizimba amanzi ezahlukene, kukhona eziyingozi. Ihlasela izilwane ezincane phansi nge lezi ekhethekile ukumunca okuqukethwe kwabo.

Amandla flatworms futhi roundworms Kuthi ezahlukene, ngoba yokugcina ngokusebenzisa wokugaya ukudla uhlelo hlobo. It has ifomu tube ne ukuvuleka bomlomo nobendunu, ngakho umzimba wabo babubukhulu ngokwengeziwe. flatworms Mahhala-eliwumhlaba zidla izibungu isinambuzane ezihlala manzi ihlathi phansi.

turbellarians

Abamele lesi sigaba kwezilwane ukuphila emanzini. Esimweni esinjalo, amaseli EPITHELIAL secrete imfihlo ekhethekile, esiza ukugcina izilwane ezincane benthic - ezinamagobolondo, Hydro, izibungu ahlukahlukene. Amandla flatworms we ekilasini kuyenzeka kwenzeka ngokwakha engavamile neze.

Ngokwesibonelo, Milky planarians emhlophe wokuvula temlomo etholakala maphakathi emzimbeni uhlangothi lwalo ventral. Worm aqala ku isisulu, ngaleyo ndlela zinciphisa inani ke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusebenzisa lezi umlomo kuphuma lapho planaria sucks okuqukethwe liquid umzimba isizinda.

flukes

I flatworms okuphakelayo ukuthi kukhona yisinanakazana? Cabanga ngalo mbuzo njengenhlangano ekilasini Ngokwesibonelo flukes. Igama sebewelele sibonga amaswidi. Ngokuvamile, kunezindlela ezimbili: temlomo na besisu. Ngosizo lwabo, izilokazane eziphila ngezinye ezikuye enamathiselwe izibilini umninikhaya.

Lezi nezibungu e inqubo yentuthuko umjikelezo wokuphila eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, amaqanda isibindi Fluke kuqala nge undigested ukudla ezisalayo izinkomo awela emanzini, bese - emzimbeni mollusk, lapho bathuthukise tailed izimpethu ukuthi ukungena emanzini futhi. Ukuthola ezitshalweni, they jikisa zibe izinhlumba. Izinkomo, okuyinto esichazayo aphethe amagciwane itheleleke lapho edla noma ephuza amanzi utshani. Emzimbeni wakhe simila uqala zikhule futhi zibe omdala, ubukhulu lapho kufika ku 3 cm.

Kuyinto kulesigaba, ukudla impethu. Ezansi le sucker sokuqala emlonyeni esivula emathunjini. Isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene ine uhlobo esikhwameni noma iziteshi ezimbili, okuyinto ekupheleni abayizimpumputhe. Njengoba kungekho idatha izibungu ngalo ingaphakathi umzimba futhi uhlelo igazi, pheshana emathunjini, futhi wenza umsebenzi usinika lonke umzimba nge izinto ezihlukahlukene. Flukes zidla igazi, isikhwehlela namaseli EPITHELIAL. helminths imikhiqizo umzimba ezikhishwe ngomlomo, ngaleyo ndlela ushevu yokugcina aphethe umzimba.

izikelemu

Abamele lesi sigaba zinezikhathi ukungabi oluphelele isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. Lesi sici ihlobene indlela yabo yokuphila. Ehola izikelemu kukhona izitho olukhethekile okunamathiselwe. Bangakwazi ukukhonza njengomdala ukuncela izinkomishi, izingwegwe noma lezi. Ngosizo lwabo, izilokazane eziphila ngezinye ezikuye enamathiselwe izindonga emathunjini amancane. Kakade kancane kugaywe izinto ziba bonke ubuso umzimba, ngakho kwezitho wokugaya ukudla akudingeki.

Ezikelemu ziyingozi kakhulu umuntfu ngubani kubo njengoba aphethe Lesisemkhatsini sokugcina. Ukudla inqwaba izakhi kanye amavithamini, amagciwane likhula ngokushesha, ngezinye izikhathi ukufinyelela ngezabelo omkhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, sezinkomo kanye porcine tapeworm akhule 10 metres. Ukudla izinto senzelwe abantu, izimuncagazi ngokushesha deplete umzimba wakhe. Kulokhu kukhona ushevu aphethe izimpethu imikhiqizo exchange. Umuntu itheleleke nge-worm, uhlangabezana ubuthakathaka, isiyezi, isicanucanu sokuzincisha ukudla, futhi ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Ngakho, yini ukuba udle flatworms, kuncike endaweni yazo nendlela yawo yokuphila. Lezi zimo ukucacisa isakhiwo kanye izici zesimiso wabo wokugaya ukudla. Lolu hlobo lwe-isilwane ihlanganisa 3 amakilasi: ciliary, izikelemu kanye flukes. Eyokuqala kukhona izilwane ezidla ezinye khulula-ophilayo ezizingelayo kule amadamu ku izilwane ezincane. Flukes - izinambuzane bazihlanganise izitho zangaphakathi nezicubu kanye nemikhiqizo okuphakelayo. Ezikelemu bantule wokugaya ukudla. Lezi yizilwanyana eziwuhlupho bahlala mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi sesilwane kanye womuntu emathunjini amancane, zidla kakade kugaywe izinhlayiyana zokudla.