AmaGreki - kuba ... Incazelo, umlando kanye namasiko amaGreki

Ukufunda izincwadi kanye nezinye izincwadi zesayensi ezihlobene indaba, ungakwazi ngokuvamile ubone izwi 'amaGreki'. Njengoba kwaziwa kahle umqondo libhekisela umlando eGrisi lasendulo. Le nkathi kuhlale abantu nesithakazelo esikhulu ngoba kuthinta izikhumbuzo zabo kwamasiko kweziningi ezisekhona kanye embukisweni iminyuziyamu eminingi emhlabeni wonke. Uma siphendukela nencazelo yesibili yegama, ukuthi amaGreki - yigama abantu ngesiGreki (njengoba babezibiza kanjalo). Igama 'amaGreki' bevuka kamuva kancane.

AmaGreki - ukuthi ... Funda kabanzi mayelana eside

Ngakho, igama inikezwe bona abamele abantu ngesiGreki. Abantu abaningi uzwa igama elithi futhi uyazibuza ngubani amaGreki ngokuthi amaGreki? It kuvela ngokwabo. Igama elithi "amaGreki 'waqala ozofakwa abantu babethanda ukusebenzela amaRoma lapho walinqoba. Uma sibheka yolimi lwanamuhla isiRashiya, umqondo 'amaGreki' uvame ukusetshenziswa lapho kubhekiselwe othandweni abakhileyo ngezikhwepha yaseGrisi yasendulo, kodwa amaGreki namanje bazibiza Hellenes. Ngakho, amaGreki - lena akuyona eside esiphelelwe isikhathi, futhi ngempela zanamuhla. Kuyinto ikakhulukazi ezithakazelisayo ukuthi emlandweni ngezikhwepha yaseGrisi yasendulo, kukhona isikhathi, okuthiwa "Emidwebweni yamaGreki"

Umlando we umqondo

Ngakho, kwakubhekwa umbuzo oyinhloko ngubani amaGreki ngokuthi Hellenes. Manje kubalulekile ukukhuluma kancane ngomlando izwi, ngoba udlala indima enkulu ekwakhiweni kwethemu. Ngokokuqala ngqá igama "Hellenes" itholakala imisebenzi, uHomer. Lalibhekisela isizwe elincane amaGreki abahlala eningizimu eThessaly. A abalobi ezimbalwa, ezifana uHerodotus, kaThucydides, kanye nabanye uwafake endaweni efanayo ngemisebenzi yakhe.

I BC VII leminyaka. e. igama elithi 'amaGreki' bathole njengoba igama isizwe sonke. Le ncazelo itholakala umbhali yamaGreki asendulo Archilochus futhi uchazwa ngokuthi "abantu okukhulu kunakho konke emlandweni."

Okunabileko ngumlando kobuHellenism. Imisebenzi eminingi kakhulu yobuciko ezifana ukubaza, izinto, lathumela izinto yobuciko zokuhlobisa wadala namaGreki. Izithombe letintfo ngokuphawulekayo nakumasiko kungabonakala ezihlukahlukene izinto ezivezwa iminyuziyamu kanye zincwadi zabo.

Ngakho, singakwazi ukuqhubekela iningi kwesikhathi amaGreki.

isiko yamaGreki

Manje-ke kubalulekile ukucabangela umbuzo mayelana ncamashi yilokhu kobuHellenism amasiko alo. KobuHellenism - kwenkathi ethile Mediterranean yokuphila. Yena sezithathe isikhathi eside, ibhekisela ekuqaleni konyaka 323 BC. e. isikhathi yamaGreki iphelile ngesikhathi kusungulwa i-izindawo yesiGreki ukubuswa ngamaRoma. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka ngonyaka ka-30 BC. e.

Isici esiyinhloko sale nkathi - ulimi ikuyo yonke indawo-Greek namasiko wonke amazwe zanqotshwa Aleksandrom Makedonskim. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi-ke kwaqala iMpi interpenetration Eastern isiko (ikakhulukazi Persian) nesiGreki. Ngaphezu kwalezi zici, lokhu isikhathi esibonakala ukubukeka yokugqilazeka zakudala.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yamaGreki kwakukhona ushintsho kancane kancane ukuba isimiso esisha zezombusazwe: esikhathini esidlule kwakukhona inhlangano Polis futhi amakhosi ohlanga wafika ku-shift wakhe. Izindawo eziyinhloko zokuphila kwamasiko kanye nezomnotho of Greece, imidlalo embalwa baye bathuthela e-Asia Minor futhi Egypt.

Uma kubalwa izikhathi kusuke yamaGreki

Yiqiniso, elisho inkathi yamaGreki, kumele wathi mayelana nentuthuko yayo futhi ngalokho izinyathelo yena lahlukaniswa. Konke lokhu nenkathi ehlanganiswa 3 eminyaka. Kunengqondo, ngezindinganiso umlando alikho ngempela, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi isimo sashintsha kubonakale. Ngokwemibiko ethile, ekuqaleni kwenkathi ubhekwa 334 BC. e., okungukuthi unyaka lapho eseqala umkhankaso Aleksandra Makedonskogo. It ingahlukaniswa sonke isikhathi zibe 3 nezikhathi:

• KobuHellenism Early: kule nkathi kwaba ukudalwa umbuso omkhulu Aleksandra Makedonskogo, yena-ke bahlukana futhi zakha umbuso amaGreki.
• KobuHellenism Classic: kulokhu libhekene yakhoibrium zezombusazwe.
• KobuHellenism Late: ngesikhathi izwe yamaGreki zashaqwa lase libhujiswa ngemaRoma.

ezikhumbuzo odumile isiko yamaGreki

Ngakho imibuzo mayelana kubhekwe ukuthi lisho ukuthini igama elithi 'amaGreki' ababebizelwe Hellenes, nokuthi kuyinto isiko amaGreki. Ngemva kwesikhathi yamaGreki uhlala inqwaba izikhumbuzo kwamasiko, eziningi zazo zaziwa emhlabeni wonke. AmaGreki - ke abantu ngempela abahlukile wadala lezi yobuciko ebaziwe, ubungcweti, izincwadi kanye nezinye izindawo eziningi.

Umklamo kwalesi nkathi ikakhulukazi nobuntu monumentality. Akwaziwa izibonelo izakhiwo of kobuHellenism - the Ithempeli Lika-Arthemisi e-Efesu ngokwabantu, Lighthouse wase-Alexandria kanye nabanye. Kepha ebaziwe, isibonelo sasendulo esaziwa kakhulu - kwesithombe Nike ka Samothrace.