Alisa Koonen: amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngokuphila umdlali waseshashalazini

Esikhathini omkhulu Russian yaseshashalazini actress Alise Koonen, yobudala efanayo Charlie Chaplin futhi Akhmatova kwakungelona igremu elilodwa legazi Russian. Kuze kube ngo-1934 kwaba amenable embusweni waseBelgium. Ukanti konke ukuphila kwakhe wanikezela eRussia.

ebuntwaneni

Alisa Koonen, biography okuzokwenziwa okwethulwa kulesi sihloko, yazalwa ngo-1889, ngo-October 17 eMoscow. Ubaba wakhe, Georgiy Koonen, kwaba waseBelgium. Futhi unina - bemvelo zokudala - wayevela emndenini ocebile Polish, okuyinto wayephikisa intombazane abampofu washada Belgian - umabhalane wenkantolo. Bese waya nentando abazali. Ngenxa yalokho, umkhaya bamhlmuka ke, bakubheka njengobuthakathaka ihlazo. Ngosuku lapho Alice wazalwa, abazange babe imali ngisho ukuthenga uvolo adingekayo ukulethwa. Futhi obelethayo kwadingeka ukuba abeke engu- yobhapathizo.

usayikhumbula kahle ebuntwaneni

Ngisho kwentombazanyana Alice yabonisa lokusungula futhi kwaba kwezobuciko kakhulu. I usayikhumbula kakhulu ebuntwaneni wathola indawo encwadini yakhe ngokuphila "Alisa Koonen: amakhasi of Life". Umndeni wakhe yayiyizwe elimpofu kakhulu, baye abakwazi ukuhlela esihlahleni Christmas. Nokho, u-Alice yayingeve inobungane futhi kumnandi, ngakho-ke kwaba ezithakazelisayo ukukhuluma amantombazane umakhelwane acebile, ngubani wammemela emzini amaholide abo. Alice yonke indawo spotlight, enza, ukufunda izinkondlo, ukwenza zonke izinhlobo pirouettes, bese ukukhothama, "ukuqoqa" ihlombe jikelele. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umkhulu nogogo ohlangothini komama akafunanga ziyise emzini wakhe, anti-Alice, umnikazi wezwe ocebile, ohlala e-Tver esifundeni, ebamema ngoba ehlobo nezindlu yakhe. Ukuba umdlali waseshashalazini amateur yaseshashalazini yesifundazwe, esekhokha endlini yakhe, noma kunalokho, endaweni evulekile ichibi ngeminduze neminduze amanzi, ukusebenza lapho iqhaza a Alisa Koonen kancane. Ngakho, izinyathelo zawo kuqala waseshashalazini senziwe yezilungiselelo romantic ezinjalo. Landelayo kwakuwukuya Drama Theatre. Futhi, omunye angase athi, kwaba usayikhumbula iningi ebuntwaneni. Kwaba sengathi Hypnotized ngu yesehlakalo waya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphansi kwethonya.

Ujwayele inkosi yaseshashalazini Russian

Uma, ngesikhathi sokudlala ekhaya emzini anti wami, yena kwaqashelwa owesifazane othile omkhulu, esondele Konstantin Stanislavsky. Wahlabeka umxhwele kangangokuba namantombazane, okuyinto ke wakhuluma umqondisi wakhe omkhulu. Nakuba Alice waba kokuphothula sokuzivocavoca Okokuqala eMoscow. Wayengumngane nesithukuthezi ukuba bayofunda khona, ngoba sekuyisikhathi eside lwaziwa mayelana umsebenzi wakhe. isithixo sakhe ezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini kwaba Vasily Katchalov. Yena raved ngenkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini wathi kubo bonke: "Maduzane funda imithombo cindezela:" Alisa Koonen - actress ". Ubaba ngalokhu ngisho bangezwa, kodwa umama asekelwe wakhe, bekholelwa ukuthi lo msebenzi kuyinto ngempela ehlonishwa, futhi akukho okubi kakhulu ukwedlula abanye. Futhi umama nendodakazi weza emhlanganweni ne Stanislavsky. Into yokuqala wabuza ukuthi, "Ingabe ukulungele abe ndela? Theatre - kubuye Isigodlo ". Ngawo lowo mzuzwana wayesekulungele nimphendule ngoyebo kulo mbuzo, kodwa wabuya kuye futhi, kodwa okwengeziwe ukuthi kamuva ...

Parish we Stanislavsky Theatre

On luhlolo weza sekwephuzile, kodwa ngemva watshengisa wonke umuntu ukuthi uyakwazi, lena akazange siyikhumbule. Ngakho, ngo-1905, Alisa Koonen engena "isikole", noma kunalokho, ekilasini yaseshashalazini Art Theatre. aseqala wakhe kwaba ngo-1906 endaweni izindima encane oyisivakashi play Griboyedov sika "Maye kusukela Wit", futhi lapho eseneminyaka engu-19 yena ayebe nayo indima Mytilene ( "The Blue Bird"). Kwaba indima yakhe yokuqala sina. Ngemva kwalokho, ezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini wayengenayise abavikela - abavikela UNikolai Tarasov. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi nomona okuphindaphindiwe, uma u-Alice kuyinto yemidlalo kuphela ngenxa ujwayele amadoda athile anamandla, ithalente lakhe kwaba emsindweni ongaphezu kwama-amazwi abo, kuye wonke ukubukeka esiteji kwafakazela okuphambene. Kwakungelona neze okungcono. Ngubani evela eNgilandi ukuba umqondisi Russia abadumile ifilimu Gordon Kreg ebuzwa Stanislavsky amnike actress esithandayo, ezithembisa ukuvula wakhe e-Italy monoteatr. Ukuze lapho inkosi waphendula ukuthi Alice babeyokufa lokuba nesizungu lapho monoteatre ngoba eyedwa ngeke baphile umzuzu. Ngu-1913, kwakubhekwa njengento usaziwayo futhi inkanyezi YaseMoscow Art Theatre skits.

Njengoba emelelwa Alice in UNC cindezela?

Ngokusho izincwadi abezindaba, kusukela actress esikhulu ububanzi-setha aquamarine amehlo, eyelashes wakhe wokufakelwa bese twitched. Yena waba yini nomkhuba hhayi ubuka abantu, futhi kancane ephakeme ngaphezu kwawo. Akazange uthanda ukubheka emehlweni, ikakhulukazi uma kwaba ehlanganyele umdlalo. Gait wakhe wawufana uzowanqoba isikhala, futhi wakhe wonke lomkhuba yayingase ibizwe ngokuthi u winner a ophumayo wokunqoba. Izwi lakhe sasifana magma red-hot. Yena kwamandla ongafeza isikhala thousandths amahholo. Theatre baxgeki wabhala ngaye: "U-Alice - actress omkhulu!" Ngisho ubuka izithombe zakhe, phawula indlela ephelele plastic wakhe njengoba gleam eliqhakazile amehlo akhe amahle, ikakhulukazi izikhathi ngenxa yentukuthelo noma uthando. " Sifunda emaphutheni Umlando ababephila ngesikhathi, ukuthi Alisa Koonen (bheka isithombe sihloko) ephethwe ballerina plastic, ngisho kuqhathaniswa wakhe nge Aysedoroy Dunkan, eyaba nethonya elinamandla ke. Alice wayekwazi ukwenza, futhi kahle ubuciko uthango. Emzimbeni wakhe ahlanganisiwe kanyekanye ekhethekile plastic umuzwa, izwi kwamagama namanothi. Kuye indima yabo, yayingase ukudansa bengafaké zicathulo noma awasheshi futhi ngokushelela, babe nesandla esiqinile noma irrepressibly onamileyo. Nokho, yena kugwenywe ukuthinta okungahleliwe futhi intonations. Konke mayelana wakhe sasibalwa nangokunembile. Umngane wakhe kanye fan of Vasiliy Kachalov wathi ngaye: "She - focus eyikhulu izingane nabayikhulu yamademoni."

ukufanisa Andreeva

Ngaphezu inoveli ne Kachalov, Alice, naphezu amakhulu abalandeli, kwaba khona omunye love story sina. In love with umbhali wakhe leonid Andreev. Ngaleyo minyaka ubengaphakathi isiqongo wenkazimulo. On loma izintokazi amaningi acebile awazange, kodwa wayezele abanothando ekhethekile abameleli IBamba welibhola letinyawo. Matchmaking Andreeva Alice UNC kwakungelona ukumangala. Kuthiwa wathumela isimemezelo uthando cishe zonke izakhamuzi zaseMoscow Art Theatre actress, banganamukeli unamathisele sinencazelo ekhethekile. Nokho, esimweni Alice kwaba enye into, njengoba umbhali wavuma ukuthi yena kumkhumbuza ngumkayo emva kwesikhathi. Bachitha eziningi izinsuku amahle. Nokho, it is, ngokuvumelana actress, omenza umuzwa isihawu. Wabe esethula wakhe kunina, nokuthi, sibonisa yesigodi, ebuzwa Alice ngokwehluleka ukusiza indodana yakhe. Naphezu umusa wakhe wothando, Alice yayingazimisele ukwamukela isiphakamiso umuntu ngokujulile bangajabuli. It siphaphama umuzwa ukukhathazeka. Yebo, futhi angizange like it lapho ayehlale kokuthile ophoqelelwe. Mayelana-ke wathi kuye ...

Ukunakekela Stanislavsky Theatre

Ngemva wamthatha lama eMoscow Art Theatre, Alisa Koonen zikhunjulwe umbuzo Stanislavsky mayelana nokuphatha izindela. Yena zazazi impendulo kuyona. Wayengafuni ukuba anikele ngale inkululeko yabo ngenxa umdlalo kule nkundla. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ingavumelani namanye izindlela Stanislavsky. Akazange uthanda "ngobala ezisicasulayo izindima intuthuko engenamsebenzi." Yena kudingeka umlilo, indiza, ukugcwala futhi injabulo umdlalo. Ngoba bonke izizathu, wanquma phumani lapho. Wayemagange ekucebiseni "uhlelo", bafake upende entsha ukuba ngaphambi wonke umuntu. Futhi Alice unqume ukuya entsha Mahhala Theatre ngaphansi kokuqondisa Mardzhanov. Inkundla sekuneminyaka impela kancane, kodwa kamuva Alice wayekhumbula indlela efudumele, nje umlingo wawukuye emkhathini.

Ujwayele Tairov

Ngemva kokuwa "Mahhala" Mardzhanov uphendukela umngane wakhe, umqondisi A. Tairov. Ndawonye banquma ukwakha yaseshashalazini ngokuphelele format entsha. Futhi okubaluleke nakakhulu, bayazi abayobe Prima - Koonen Alisa Georgievna. Tairov abonwe ezimbalwa ukusebenza wakhe ngesikhathi Ubuciko, Nokho ajwayelekile bakuphi. Mardzhanov ahlele umhlangano wabo, bese kuba ngabo ebulalayo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi umqondisi ukuba umdlali babé nolimi. Ngo-1914, sengibuyile uhambo romantic Paris ndawonye baqala ukuhlala ndawonye, kodwa umshado wabo ibingabhalisiwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sizalwa yaseshashalazini yabo. He is induna indalo yayo, kuba yinto yokuziqhenya Alisa Koonen. Izingane kufanele Tairov futhi asizalwanga lapha kwadingeka ukuba unikele ukuphila kwakhe kuya enkundleni yemidlalo.

entsha Chamber

Isakhiwo ethiyetha wakhethwa kakhulu Alice. Laliqhele ku Abakwazi Abakwenzayo Boulevard. Kwakuwusuku emzini omkhulu. It ehholo ukuze abantu 500 lahlelwa. kwanqunywa ukuba anikeze play "Sakuntala" kuvulwa zale nkundla. Alice, yebo, bekayikosikazi ehola. Lo mbhangqwana osemncane akanamali ukukhangisa, futhi cishe do izibukeli Shill ehholo. Nokho, ukuthandwa Chamber Theatre eMoscow kungaba umona. ukubukeka Ngamunye Alice enkundleni ubephelezelwa ukuqhuma ihlombe. I repertoire kufakwe imikhiqizo efana "Famira Kifared", "USalome", "Zhirofle-Zhiroflya", "Inkosazana Brambilla" nabanye. Ngokushesha, besendleleni uhambo uhambo kulo lonke elaseYurophu, futhi igama Alice wayebhekwa Elidala Umhlaba. Ngo-1917, ngemva kwezenzakalo, kodwa leyo ndawo yeshashalazi savalwa, kodwa lavuselelwa ngo-1924. Kakade ngaphansi Soviet umthetho unkosikazi kwasho iminyaka engu-10 zale nkundla.

baphihliza

Kakade ekulweni "yaseshashalazini formalist" ezamenyezelwa ku 30s. Yini eye yenziwa Tairov futhi UNC, akucaci ukuthi sabasebenzi. Futhi ngaleso Chamber umkhankaso wokuhlasela ngonya. Ngo-1937 kwanqunywa ukuba uhlangane amathiyetha ezimbili: Tairov Okhlopkova. Alice esegqoka umcimbi kanje: ". Lesimbonyo ebhokisini nail wethu wokuqala waxoshwa" Kulesi Ukwakheka, phakathi nempi, baya emzini Balkhash. Chamber ukusebenza odlule kwaba play "Adrienna Lekuvror".

nenhlekelele

isiphetho obengeziwe Alisy Koonen sasidabukisa ngokuphelele. Phakathi khona yamabhayisikobho no-Aleksandru, wayephila esikhathini efulethini, wawusempumalanga lokubikezela okufanayo izikhala ezigcawugcawu. Futhi emva yaseshashalazini ayisaxhunyanisiwe okungewakho umndeni, umbuzo lapho uzoqhubeka uphila. Ngo Tairov ke kubonakele umdlavuza ubuchopho kanye yafa ngemva nje kwalokho. Bese wonke umuntu bakhumbula ukuthi Alice no-Aleksandru kungukuthi sebeshade ngokomthetho, futhi ngenxa yalokho ayengakwazi isicelo efulethini lakhe. Kube Isivivinyo, esikhathini esidlule actress abadumile abazenzile bezama ukufakazela ukuthi bebelokhu ndawonye kusukela ngo-1914, futhi lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wonke umuntu wayekwazi lokhu.

ukuphela

Ngemva kokufa Tairova ke lalizobhujiswa isizungu. Ngakho wayehlala cishe engu-20. recitals ezingavamile lapho izivakashi banikezwe irekhodi ukusebenza kwakhe, kuphela yayijabulisa actress osekhulile. Washona ngo-1974, ngo-August 20. Wayeneminyaka engu-85 ubudala.