Zil-137: Imininingwane

Ngo-1970 ngesisekelo bekwi-sesimanje izitimela. Futhi akusiyo elula, futhi nge high permeability izici. Ugandaganda nenqola babe isondo ifomula ekhethekile - 10x10. It okushiwo lalinabashumayeli Zil-137 ugandaganda (isithombe ungabona-ke esihlokweni sethu), kanye ekhethekile semi-trailer kuso. Lo mklamo yasungulwa ngochwepheshe we Plant design bureau Likhachev. Ngesisekelo amanga ugandaganda Zil-137. Ake sibheke izici Ukucaciswa lokhu imoto.

ukuthuthukiswa eziphambili

Lokhu trailer yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa empini yase-USSR. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuthuthukiswa eziphambili kakhulu ezifuywayo imoto umkhakha kahle leyo minyaka. Ugandaganda nenqola kwaba umphumela ukuqhubeka ucwaningo, okuyinto ezaqaliswa ngo-1960 nge ugandaganda iloli Zil-157B. Ngemva uchungechunge ukulungiswa kanye ngcono Zil-137 ukuhlanganisa nge imodeli 131-th. Ugandaganda ithole 2E131 Inkomba. Imoto kungenziwa ifakwe omunye trailer ezimbili. Babefanele izinkomba zabo:

• 3E131.
• 4E131.

Khona-ke lihamba got 137 Inkomba. I sibonelo lokuqala elakhiwa ngo eMoscow ngo nyaka angu-63 th. Kwabe sekulandela isenzakalo esivelele kokuxilongwa - imoto ihlolwe ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi elicwengisiswe kuze kube iminyaka engu-64. Ngawo lowo nyaka, iloli kahle kokuxilongwa ezingeni wombuso.

Mileage ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukuthola 18,000 km. Umshini Kuye kwanconywa ekukhiqizeni kanye nokusebenza ibutho. Sabeka ku service imoto '66, bese ku th 70 kanye Zil, bazi ochwepheshe iqhaza enqubeni inhlangano. Ogandaganda Zil-137 bafika isitshalo eMoscow. Futhi ngaleso Bryansk ifektri uqoqa trailer.

Maphakathi nawo-70s simila ifinyelele ivolumu amayunithi-30 njalo ngenyanga. Lezi tractor okokuqala emlandweni eSoviet Union wakwazi ukukhulisa isiko ekukhiqizweni izinhlelo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi yempucuko wokubacindezela.

ubuchwepheshe obusha

Ngo inqubo yokudala iloli ngesisekelo Zil-137 isitshalo ochwepheshe njalo yasungulwa nengangizenza ukukhiqizwa ubuchwepheshe bamuva. Ngokwesibonelo, kuqala wasebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "nesabelo ukukhanya" - umphini amabhokisi lokuqala ukulawula actuators wokubacindezela kwase nokunamathisela ngomthofu nje usebenzisa i-solder esiliva. Futhi sasivame "annealing elikhanyayo" - lalisetshenziselwa ekuhlanzeni uhlelo wokubacindezela kusukela ezifakwa eziyingozi kanye izinto. Ngo-apharathasi izitimela isicelo amayunithi abaningi wokubacindezela. Ukukhiqizwa nasemhlanganweni msulwa yezokwelapha cishe wayesho. Lokhu ibangelwa ukusebenza kwe-wokubacindezela izingxenye zomhlangano nemihlangano emikhulu ezindaweni ezivikelwe ngothuli. Imoto wavunyelwa ukuba avuke kuphela izicathulo ezikhethekile.

Yonke imininingwane ye ohlelweni wokubacindezela esilawulwa ekhethekile - ukuqinisekisa futhi uhlole esetshenziswa zezitsha ekhethekile. Zazisetshenziswa siwabeka ukuze siwasebenzise endlini uhlelo wokubacindezela.

Ukuze ukwazi ukulawula ukuzinza ukudlula izinqubo zobuchwepheshe ngesikhathi isitshalo zahlolwa njalo. ukukhiqizwa Small ivolumu amaloli asebenzayo Zil-137-137B bangachazela ubuchwepheshe eziyinkimbinkimbi.

umklamo Izici

Ugandaganda Zil-137, ngokungafani kuya onobuhle ukukhiqizwa ifakwe double disc bamba, futhi futha wokubacindezela. Ngo wakhonza njengephayona drive for wokubacindezela amandla Take-off.

Pump ephezulu ingcindezi uketshezi wokubacindezela is zithutha ngokusebenzisa amapayipi ekhethekile motor wokubacindezela. Kugcine elakhiwe torque, okuyinto ke badabula i igiya ukunciphisa bese beshayela imiphini eziningana. Torque lasetshenziswa idrayivu enama-asi trailer.

Lolu ketshezi wachitha libuyiselwa ngokusebenzisa komsele yesibili. Nge electropneumatic drive uhlelo iqalisa ngokuzenzakalela ngesikhathi ukushesha futhi uma ushayela ku ezindaweni ezimbi. Lokhu kwakuvumelana umsebenzi aphansi amagiya downshifts PPC uchungechunge esimweni yokudlulisa. Sam-trailer ifakwe entwasahlobo ukumiswa kanye sigubhu amabhuleki. I yesibili obumbene ngokugcwele amabhuleki ugandaganda.

Isisindo, usayizi

Ugandaganda ipasipoti has a isisindo lomgwaqo we 7000 kg. chassis semitrailer kuhlaziywe 3800 kg. Isisindo zonke izitimela ngaphandle umthwalo amathani 10.8. Uma ufaka imishini mass ekhethekile akwazi ukuxoxa amathani 19.5. Dlala i-trailer obuphelele safinyelela 14 080 mm. Ukuvula engaba - 10.2 m.

isivinini izici

I-trailer ezingenalutho yakwazi ukuthuthela emgwaqeni omkhulu ngaphandle drive exhunywe kwi-trailer nge ngesivinini esiphezulu 80 km / h. Uma trailer ulandwa ngokugcwele, khona-ke ngesivinini esiphezulu lehla 60 km / h.

Uma uxhuma idrayivu wokubacindezela luyanda 70 km / h. Yini wayenamandla Zil-137 petrol? Ugandaganda idliwe 52 amalitha ngamunye amakhilomitha angu-100. Okokhelekayo amathangi abe elizwakalayo izithathe ukuze ixazulule leyo km 730.

injini

Uma ubheka esikhathini operation manual we Zil-137, ungathola ulwazi mayelana amayunithi amandla, okuye kwakuvumelana ngokugcwele iloli ugandaganda Zil-131 V. Le yokugcina, esikhundleni salokho, yayisekelwe imodeli 131-th. Konke lokhu izimoto kule '60s ayenendawo ezine-unhlangothi likaphethiloli V8 carbureted - Zil-5081. ivolumu kwawo kwakunjengokwetshe 6 amalitha. amandla Okuzisholo, banikezwe ukulinganiselwa linemibhikisho uhlelo safinyelela 150 amalitha. a. Injini - phezulu, ifakwe uketshezi Ukupholisa uhlelo.

injini zlib isilinganiso kwaba 6.5. Torque - 410 Nm. petrol nale iyunithi ugandaganda iyunithi - eside. Ezifisweni enikeziwe ngezinqola zempi ezimbili yokubasela 170 l ngamunye.

ukudluliswa

Imoto ifakwe mechanical 5-gearbox. Kwakukhona synchronizer ezimbili inertial, okuyinto kusiza inqubo ukuguquguquka kusukela yesibili lwesithathu futhi kusukela okwesine igiya yesihlanu.

Ukusabalalisa ibhokisi - mechanical, ezimbili-esiteji. Izici ezimbili igiya main. Idivayisi ine amabili razdatki wotho futhi cylindrical amagiya. Driveline - evulekile.

izicelo ezempi

Defense Ministry of USSR phambi amathemba ukuthuthukiswa wayezazisa ugandaganda Zil-137. izici Technical models babe ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko umshini - umsebenzi njengoba ezokuthutha yokugcina kanye nokuhanjiswa izikhundla lempi yezikhali ezicitshwayo SAM 2Q11.

Umshini isidlulile ngempumelelo ekuhlolweni e '63. ezokuthutha izimoto kwesikhathi ngoba imicibisholo evuthayo "cube" adaliwe efektri esekelwe ugandaganda nenqola, futhi "iphuzu." Futhi ugandaganda bexhashazwa kanye baking iyunithi AHB-2,5. On the izitimela umgwaqo ngesisekelo imoto nezingxenye athuthelwa tincenye pontoon amabhuloho, izishanyeli okwami. Futhi kuhilela ukufakwa yesimanje pontoon epaki. Kodwa umqondo wahlala ezinganeni.

Ubuningi kabanzi imodeli nge trailer eside - Inkomba yabo 137b. Aye esetshenziselwa izinhlamvu eside nezikhali ezicitshwayo. Futhi ku trailer ngokuvamile Imisa ezimotweni ezahlukene evulekile nge nezempi.

eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa

Ngemva kwalokho, njengoba ukusebenza imoto, steel provyalyatsya yokuntula ehlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, inkinga buxhunyaniswe nge design eyinkimbinkimbi futhi kwendle ukuze izinga uwoyela wokubacindezela. Isikhathi esining impela, umsebenzi kufanele kugujwe iphutha e isondo ngaphansi komthwalo futhi ngesikhathi unyathela amabhuleki. Njengoba ngishilo ngenhla, engxenyeni yokuqala ka-70 Bryansk isitshalo eklanyelwe ukukhipha efanayo 137-th-trailer Inkomba 137M. Phakathi umehluko kule imodeli kwaba mechanical uhlobo actuator ukuba trailer, okuyinto libhekene enokwethenjelwa. Imodeli ke unikezwa igama elisha ku bazi-3405.