Euro 2 injini KamAZ: izici, eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa kungenzeka

Kama Automobile Plant yasungulwa ngo 1976. Eminyakeni yokuqala zalesi sihlahla ekhiqizwa esindayo imishini ephakamisa futhi amathani 8 kuya ku-20. I Kamaz kuqala, okuyinto off the line - lena yindlela 5320. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi injini lwenzelwe kusuka ekuqaleni ngqo lokhu ogandaganda abakhulu. Ake sihlolisise at injini KamAZ Euro-2, izici ukusebenza, ukukhanda, amaphutha ayo ezinkulu izixazululo zabo.

Uhlolojikelele

Vele bafuna ukwazi ukuthi injini ethandwa kakhulu uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko - 740 th. Kukhona inani elikhulu ukuhlela kabusha, okuyinto kuhluke bodwa amazinga ngezinye izikhathi kuphela European kwemvelo. Siphinde cabanga 740 th Euro-2 injini.

Kunzima ukukhumbula igama injini ngamunye. Isibonelo, nge-motor KamAz 740-210 (260) phakathi abashayeli eyaziwa ngokuthi KamAz Euro 2 (3,4), lapho amadijithi lokugcina abonisa ivolumu amandla iyunithi. Uma kudingekile, amatafula nezimiso ungathola motor ilungelo ejwayelekile ethize European. Awu, manje ake qhubeka ukubheka ulwazi oluyisisekelo phezu 740 ICE th.

Kuyasiza ukwazi

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, 740-th - uhlobo lalivamile izinjini. Umugqa wokuqala we yangaphakathi omlilo injini kwaba 740 V8. Ngenxa yalokho, V incwadi ibonisa ukuthi amasilinda ahlelwe imigqa emibili, futhi igebe eliphakathi kwabo kuba degrees ngaphansi kuka 90. Kukhona motors L-okwenyanga. Sikakhiye lapha futhi ibekwe ku imigqa emibili, kodwa engela eduze 90 degrees. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi owokuqala KamAz injini 740 (Euro-2) waba ivolumu 10.852 cubic ngamasentimitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo yayo imayelana 210 amahhashi. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile kwakukhona nezinye izinguqulo ngobubanzi amandla avela 180 360 amalitha. a.

Yiqiniso, i-740-th lingasetshenziswanga uphethiloli kanye diesel. Okubizwa ngokuthi kwadingeka lonke eningi izinzuzo phakathi abashayeli "solarium". Isici esiyinhloko zazo kuyakhethwa okusekelwe uhlobo fuel, - izindleko. Ukusebenza kwe-yangaphakathi omlilo injini kwi yenqwaba diesel konga imali ngenxa ukusetshenziswa kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bandisa ukuphila namandla iyunithi ngenxa Lubrication ezithuthukisiwe. Wabasaqalayo, lolu hlobo yangaphakathi omlilo injini eyayingavamile kakhulu, ngoba ngisho i-plug inhlansi ayikho lapha. Ukuvuvukala ukusebenza ingxube eyalo okusezingeni eliphezulu zlib isilinganiso. Uma uphethiloli injini Vaz-2107 zlib isilinganiso ilingana 8, i-740-th - amayunithi 17.

A kancane ngezinzuzo

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kukhona ezihlukahlukene eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa KAMAZ injini (Euro 2), yena ubhekwa enokwethenjelwa kakhulu phakathi yasekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto ongahaheli kakhulu futhi has a usayizi icwecwe kakhulu. Abaklami wakwazi ukuthola "indawo elimnandi", okuyinto bavunyelwe athuthukise Umklamo motor futhi kancane kancane ngcono.

Yiqiniso, akusiwona ngazo zonke izinzuzo zakhe, ngoba lapha lonke isisindo:

• maintainability;
• ICE interchangeability izingxenye ezinkulu;
• ukulandelwa kwezilinganiso kwemvelo European;
• ngokwanele ezinhle amandla;
• ongaphakeme petrol.

Futhi, kumelwe kuphawulwe elinye iphuzu elibaluleke - isiqalo lula okushisa sub-zero. Ngokuvamile, injini diesel akulula ukwenza e frost kanzima, kodwa KamAZ has a ibhethri enamandla motor ukuziqalela. Kukhona esigcwele omlilo yangaphakathi injini bafudumale system.

Engine ukulungisa KamAz Euro 2

Njengoba sekushiwo ambalwa ngenhla, motor kwanele okunokwethenjelwa futhi kulula ukuyinakekela. Noma kunjalo, ngamandla iyunithi ngesikhatsi operation ehlelwa umthwalo obalulekile. Uma ungahambisani izinguquko amafutha zokukhokha zenqubo nezinye umsebenzi yesondlo, kulungiswe kuyodingeka esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, engesiyo kakhulu futhi ishibhile.

Uma udinga ukulungisa injini KamAZ Euro-2 ngaphambi kokuphela sewaranti, kuzomele uxhumane nomthengisi wakho. It is kakhulu hhayi Kunconywa ukukhuphuka ngokuzimela nokuqonda amandla iyunithi. Seals ngabe iphazamiseke, futhi iwaranti ukulungisa wenqaba.

Ngokuvamile, le yangaphakathi omlilo injini ahlahlele emva kokuphela ukuthi isiqinisekiso singasebenzi. Kulokhu, isidingo ukulungisa le-rotary ukuma uhlobo P-770. Ukuxazulula ngemuva kokufaka izingxenye ezintsha, okungcono yasekuqaleni. Professionals abakwaziyo ukwenza high quality ukulungiswa 740 th, pretty okuningi. Nokho-ke akudingekile ukuba kwenziwe kuyinto ngamanani aphansi kakhulu, njengoba lokhu kungase kuholele izindleko ngisho okukhulu ngokwezimali.

Engine uhlelo Ukupholisa KamAz Euro 2

Lapha yonke into ilula futhi icacile. Uhlelo ukupholisa luyasetshenziswa ngokwezinga elikhulu njengoba imoto ezivamile, nakuba zikhona ezinye umehluko. Okokuqala, lapha sinawo amath- ezimbili. Lokhu kungenxa izici isakhi motor. Iqiniso lokuthi V8 sinamakhanda ezimbili, yingakho, Ukupholisa luyasetshenziswa ku ngalinye ngokuhlukile. Esinye isici esiphawuleka - amafasitela ku kurediyetha. Ngo kubanda, basuke uvaliwe, elikuvumela ukuba ngokushesha kulungele amandla iyunithi. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, bona, kunalokho, ivulekele Ukupholisa ngempumelelo amandla iyunithi.

Zonke ezinye ohlelweni classical. Kuyinto ngesimiso somshini esivalekile nge kwegazi ngempoqo Isibandisi, okusho emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni ngoba futha amanzi Imibhobho esemzimbeni ugibele. Ngokuvamile, uhlelo ukupholisa akuvamile ehluleka. Kunconywa ukuba ngezinye izikhathi ukushintsha ukufakwa thermostat. KAMAZ imishini Euro 2 unobuthakathaka nezici zayo ohlelweni ukupholisa:

• ngokuhlaziya amapayipi iraba;
• Isibandisi bengena injini;
• okweqile uhlelo;
• hypothermia.

Nomthathambe ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngenxa ukhwaliti ongaphakeme zenjoloba. Ngenxa yalokho, emalungeni zivame kwakhiwa emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni ukuvuza. Uma yangaphakathi omlilo engine ukuze overheat, kungenzeka ukuba aphule uMbhalo ikhanda gasket, kuleso simo iziteshi Ungafaka amafutha emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni. Kuleso lutho oluhle kunganikeza kulungiswe enkulu. Overcooling noma okweqile avame ngenxa thermostat bagibele.

A kancane lesondlo

Into yokuqala Ngingathi - esikhundleni the kokupholisayo ohlelweni. Uma amafutha washintsha eziningi imithetho ke kukhona ngaso sonke isikhathi unamathela zokukhokha. Umenzi incoma ekushintsheni emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni njalo eminyakeni 3-5. Ubude uhlelo umthamo - 25 amalitha, uhlobo kokupholisayo - emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni A-40.

It is ibuye Kunconywa ngaphambi ride ngasinye uhlole lizinga kokupholisayo ohlelweni. Lokhu kungenziwa kalula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uyasikrufulula ithangi ukunwetshwa isikulufu esiqiniselwe ekugcineni kwethumbu abazinikezele. Uma emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni Thepha ukuvuza, level yayo kuyinto evamile, ungakwazi qinisa, qala injini bese ushayela. Lapho uhlelo singenele, bese uthinta uketshezi ingahambi. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuba phezulu bese uhlole uhlelo ukuvuza, njengoba kungase kube avuzayo.

Indlela esikhundleni uwoyela

Ayikho into eyinkimbinkimbi konke mayelana nendlela kanye ngemoto. Kodwa okokuqala Ngithanda ukusho amazwi ambalwa mayelana ezingeni. Umkhiqizi uncoma ngaphambi ride ngasinye uhlole izinga. Uma amafutha akwanele, ngakho-ke ngeke uhambe, ngoba bafake friction izingxenye kuzokhulisa kakhulu. Kungcono phezulu up igrisi futhi kuphela emva kwalokho ukuqhubeka ukunyakaza. Uma ukwa kwenzeka, khona-ke futhi kudingeka ukubuyela ezingeni kokuvamile. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokukhumula unscrewing plug abakhwabanisi ku sump.

Ngu uqobo, inqubo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• yangaphakathi omlilo injini lifudumeza kuze kufinyelele izinga lokusebenza;
• ukuvala injini uyasikrufulula ipulaki izindlu;
• ushintshe izihlungi;
• efiselekayo ugeza Rotor centrifugal igrisi ehlanzekile;
• ukugcwalisa ngamafutha kuze kube uphawu "B" phezu dipstick;
• Siqala injini bese uyinika ukusebenzisa imizuzu 5 xx.
• deafen bese uhlole izinga isipikili up uma kunesidingo.

Ukuxazulula Eziyisisekelo

Injini entsha Euro 2 KamAZ sekunzima behluleka. Wayevame eya kulungiswe komyalelo wokungabi 1 million amakhilomitha, ngokunakekela ngenxa. Ekusebenteni, amandla iyunithi egijima oda ezidlula ezincane. .. Lokhu kungenxa yekhwalithi ephansi izingxenye ezisele for UKUZE, ngokwehluleka ukuhambisana nemigomo esikhundleni uketshezi ohlelweni ukupholisa, uwoyela njll Ngokuphathelene nezinkinga ezivamile, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa okulandelayo phakathi kwalezi:

• Ukulahlekelwa amafutha ingcindezi ohlelweni. Imbangela obujwayelekile futha uwoyela noma bafake ifaka. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi okweqile we uketshezi lubricating kungabangela ingcindezi ukulahleka. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala ukuhlola umfutho ekunciphiseni valve.
• fuel Ukwandiswa ukusetshenziswa. Kuyinsakavukela ubhekwa komyalelo wokungabi 35-40 amalitha udizili, nakuba passport emotweni uthi okuhluke ngokuphelele. Ngo izindleko ezisemadolobheni abafanelekile azonyuka ngo 8%, uma kukhona i-trailer ke nakakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa inyuka ngenxa amafutha asetshenziswa noma avimbekile isihlungi izakhi.

Naphezu kunalokho elula owaziwa Ukupholisa uhlelo, ngokuvamile kuyinkinga zenzeka. Kuyinto ngenxa iphutha iyiphi engeyokuqala motor ebilayo, okungaholela ukulungisa ezinkulu. Ukuhlolwa Kunconywa ukuqala ezingeni emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni, amath- ukusebenza.

Umsebenzi elingazinzile, umsindo intuthu

Uma amandla iyunithi isidlidliza, futhi kungenziwa sekuqala ukufudumala noma injini abandayo, idling noma ngaphansi komthwalo ke isidingo hlola izinhlelo eziningi. Okokuqala, ukwehluleka bezikhali ingcindezi valve osebenza up futha noma injector. Uma ngaphambi lokhu kwenzeka esikhundleni crankshaft, kungenzeka inkinga sekulinganisa yakhe.

Imbangela ezivame kakhulu lamafutha yokulamba is kokungqongqoza injini. Kuyenzeka hhayi kuphela ngenxa lemali obanele of igrisi ohlelweni, kodwa futhi ngenxa ikhwalithi embi igrisi. Kulokhu, ngokuvamile bagibele crankshaft futhi cranks liner. Ngokuphathelene nomusi, ngokuvamile kubonakala ngenxa ile isilinda ikhanda gasket. Exhaust ezimhlophe okushisa sub-zero phezu ICE abandayo - evamile. Ngokuvamile, injini KamAZ Euro-2, isithombe ungabona, kudinga esikhundleni njalo isihlungi emoyeni. Uma ivimbekile, ungase ubone intuthu emnyama.

Kungaqali nezibaya

Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuqala Euro-2 injini KamAZ 740, izizathu ngokuvamile eziningana. Okokuqala, nophethiloli ongaphakeme futhi khona amanzi kuwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvuza kungenzeka uphethiloli, yingakho uhlelo udonsa umoya.

Uma injini wakwazi ukwenza, kodwa wabe anezinto, hlola isimo konke kwamafutha nakho level yayo, kungenzeka ukuthi udizili amanzi amaningi, ngenxa yalokhu, lo ukuthungela kokucindezelwa kwenzeka.

"Zhor" uwoyela futhi yini okufanele uyenze

Sesixoxile kakade ngemibhalo kancane motor iyunithi Kamaz Euro-2, futhi, njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi uye waqaphela, wona lo mbuso iyunithi has a lot of izinkinga. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, lapho ubhekwa okunokwethenjelwa ngokwanele. Kusadingeka ukukwazi ngesikhathi ukuze kutholakale imbangela yenkinga, khona-ke esingakwenza ukulungiswa ezincane.

Enye yalezi zizathu - anda igrisi ukusetshenziswa. KamAZ ikakhulukazi uwoyela ngokulambisa ngokusebenzisa lwezimpawu eyayivuza futhi gaskets. Okubi nakakhulu, lapho igrisi is ngokweqile combusted ekamelweni. Lokhu kubonisa i wear okwandisiwe izindandatho uwoyela nezinye izinkinga. Kulokhu-ke kuyadingeka ukuba asuse imoto iyunithi KamAz Euro 2 nenhloko-dolobha yalo.

Kufinyeta

Kunezinkinga eziningi ezivamile esivela kule motor. Nakuba singenakusho ukuthi ukuthi 740-th iyona izindawo obukhulu. Lezi izinkinga ejwayelekile ukuthi kwenzeke hhayi kuphela kule imodeli, kodwa futhi nabanye abaningi.

Ngokuvamile, injini, okuyinto ifakwe particulate isihlungi - a okhanda amanye amathuba lokuguqulela, a ngokwanele enamandla futhi ephezulu torque engu. Okunjalo amandla iyunithi maqondana nesondlo ezifanele futhi engashiyi ukusebenza imodi uyakwazi egijima eziningi. Kulokhu, it akudingi yesondlo ebizayo. Kuyinto kudingekile kuphela ngesikhathi ukushintsha izihlungi, uwoyela, olunye uketshezi kanye okudlekayo. Ngisho noma kuzoba yimuphi inkinga, it is ngokushesha futhi kalula sisuswe uma engenzi uthinte injini piston. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi th 740 lakhiwe isikhathi eside, futhi ukuhlela kabusha yayo asetshenziswa manje.