Yini eyenza i-ibhodlela plastic, kuyathakazelisa ukuthola?

It is bonke eyaziwa futhi lisetshenziswa njengendlela emaphaketheni for ezihlukahlukene imikhiqizo: amanzi, ayo, iziphuzo ezibandayo. Yini eyenza i-ibhodlela plastic? emaphaketheni okunjalo kudlala indima ikuyo yonke ezimpilweni zethu abathengi. Nge ukuqaphela yethu ekhulayo ezemvelo okuyinto azungeze zepulasitiki, abaningi banesithakazelo ngibone umjikelezo wokuphila kwe-material, kusukela ukukhiqizwa ekuchitheni okwalandela endaweni landfill noma kabusha. Ukuzaliseka nqubo ukuze uthole abathengi ukucabanga phezu basebenzisa kanjani futhi udoti.

Ukwakheka, izakhiwo eyisisekelo

Yini eyenza i-ibhodlela plastic? Konke kuqala ne kokuthola izinto zokusetshenziswa - uwoyela, okuvela emasimini akude. Phezu kokuthola kucutshungulwe zonke wezimpahla izigubhu, emathangini avuzayo nabanye futhi wathumela kuJehowashi zokuwuhluza. Yini eyenza i-ibhodlela plastic? Lamafutha. Ngu amalahle kanye ukuxuba hydrocarbon nge yelikhono chemical, elibangela polymerization, ngepulasitiki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kucutshungulwa izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ekhishwe kuwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho femu uthola igesi, amafutha fuel kanye neminye imikhiqizo. Okwenza amabhodlela epulasitiki? Abaningi babo eyenziwe polyethylene terephthalate (PET eyaziwa ngokuthi plastic). Omunye obaluleke chemical imingcele - viscosity, okuyinto kunqunywa ubukhulu yezinhlayiya polymer. Yini eyenza amabhodlela epulasitiki, njengoba kwenziwa kwale nto ukudala? Polietilentereflat esetshenziswa eRussia kabanzi ukwenziwa izinhlobo ezahlukene amalungiselelo, okubizwa ngokuthi "preform". Ngokulandelayo, ngemva Ukushisa zenziwa (kushaywa) izinhlobo zonke izinhlobo, amabhodlela epulasitiki ikakhulukazi.

Yini eyenza i-ibhodlela plastic, Yini okunye esikhundleni salo? Musa sonke siyazi ukuthi abanye abakhiqizi azinakekela imvelo, usebenzisa bioplastics kusukela isitshalo izinto (Bioplastics). Ngenxa yale njongo yabo yokuqala ngaphansi ukucutshungulwa tekwakha polymers. Lokhu kulandelwa inqubo ukuguqulwa, kuphumele izinto ezintsha bioplastic. Kukholakala ukuthi kungcono imvelo ngoba akusho zidinga umkhiqizo kawoyela nokucubungula kwezinsiza-non-ivuselelwe. Nokho, ukushintshana material plant esinjalo ngokushesha ukubola futhi is hhayi egcinwe okwesikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kwenzeka kuba eside ukuchayeka ibhodlela ukwaziswa okunjalo kungase deform futhi avuze. Futhi, kodwa kukholakala ukuthi esimweni bioplastics akulona ngaphandle yayo izinkinga zemvelo. Ukuze ukukhiqizwa yayo kudinga izindawo ezinkulu umhlaba wokulima izitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bedla esiningi amanzi, amafutha kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza.

Ukulwisana imfucuza

Emhlabeni wonke njalo okwandisa ukukhiqizwa futhi ukusetshenziswa nezipakupaku. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona indawo yokubeka udoti, okungadingi ukubola. Kulokhu, amabhodlela epulasitiki - evame kakhulu kulo lonke ifomu ezweni imfucuza. Nokho, alahlwe, akuwona wonke uthole landfill. izilwandle emhlabeni zigcwele udoti enjalo, okuyinto kuyingozi enkulu ukuba eziphilayo eziningi zasolwandle. Esikhundleni futhi ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwalelizwe plastic empeleni ahlahlele zibe izingxenye ezincane kakhulu ukuthi ingagxila izakhamuzi ulwandle. Edolobheni elincane Concord (Massachusetts) - settlement yokuqala e-United States, lapho Sethule ukuvinjelwa ukudayiswa yamanzi amabhodlela epulasitiki.