Izinsiza Wemvelo futhi okungezona uvuseleleke - ukongiwa. UMnyango Natural Resources

Izinto ezingokwemvelo kukhona ezibaluleke kakhulu emphakathini. Ikhonza njengabameleli umthombo oyinhloko zokukhiqiza impahla. Ezinye izinhlaka, ikakhulukazi kwezolimo, encike ngqo kwi imithombo yemvelo ngokungadingekile. Isici ezithile izenzo zabo ikhono kusetshenziswe. In imvelo, kukhona ezivuselelekayo futhi okungezona uvuseleleke. Ake sihlole kubo ngokuningiliziwe.

izici Jikelele

Indoda emisebenzini yakhe futhi ukusetshenziswa nalesebentisa non-ivuselelwe imithombo yemvelo ngokungadingekile. Eyokuqala unekhono alulame. Ngokwesibonelo, amandla elanga njalo enikeziwe kusukela isikhala, amanzi ahlanzekile ezakhiwe ukujikeleza izinto. Ezinye izinto unekhono lokuzelapha. Ukuze izinsiza ze-non-evuselelekayo zihlanganisa, isibonelo, izakhi yezimbiwa. Ezinye zazo, yebo, ingabuyiswa. Nokho, isikhathi imijikelezo Geological kunqunywa izigidi zeminyaka. ubude okunjalo sokuboshwa ijubane imali futhi izigaba yentuthuko yezenhlalakahle. Isici esiyinhloko evelela imithombo yemvelo nalesebentisa non-ivuselelwe.

emathunjini omhlaba

Okwamanje ukhiqiza ezihlukahlukene ze-non-uvuseleleke imithombo. Mineral kugcwele izinqolobane akhiwa futhi washintsha phezu izigidi zeminyaka. Izinkampani yezimayini wemboni lubukene izifundo ezikhethekile, ihlaziya, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho embula ezifakwa izakhi yezimbiwa. Ngemva imizamo impahla eluhlaza kuziwa kabusha. Umkhiqizo ihlinzekwa kumabhizinisi ezimbonini. Imayini namaminerali sise ukujula engajulile, indlela Kwamanzi kwenziwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, dala umsebenzi evulekile bazibandakanye Dredging umshini. Uma namaminerali zitholakala ajulile, yamba emithonjeni, ukudala okwami.

Imiphumela engemihle kwemayini

Kukhishwa izinsiza ze-non-evuselelekayo olukha phezulu indlela umuntu enza umonakalo ongalungiseki ikhava inhlabathi. Ngenxa wesenzo iqala umhlaba ukuguguleka kwenzeka amanzi nokungcola komoya, siyabhubha umjikelezo yemvelo zemvelo. ezimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba kuyabiza. Nokho, kudala umonakalo kancane emvelweni. Phakathi yezimayini komhlaba nokungcoliswa kwamanzi kungenzeka ngenxa amanzi acid ezimayini. Ezimweni eziningi, endaweni lapho imali isakhiwa ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukuba alulame.

isitokwe

Anqume inani imithombo empeleni etholakala phansi kunzima ngempela. Le nqubo kudinga utshalomali ngemali okukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusungula ngobuciko lemali amaminerali cishe akunakwenzeka. Zonke esitokisini zihlukaniswe okufunwayo futhi yokuzamazama. Ngasinye salezi zigaba, esikhundleni salokho, ihlukaniswe yaba:

1. Izinqolobane. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa labo izinsiza ze-non-evuselelekayo ukuthi kungenziwa misela ukukhiqiza imali ngamanani amanje nawesikhathi esetshenziswa isizinda ubuchwepheshe.
2. Eminye imithombo yolwazi. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa izinsiza wathola futhi yokuzamazama, kanye nalezo ayikwazi ekhishwe inzuzo ku izindleko ubuchwepheshe bendabuko zangaleso esetshenziswa.

Ukuncipha kwamanzi

Lapho u-80% kulinganiselwa noma ezimbiwa phansi isipele walulama futhi wasebenzisa, ingcebo babhekwa ekhethiwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, njengoba umthetho, asele 20% Ungasingenisi inzuzo. Umqulu amaminerali ekhishwe kanye inkathi yokukhathala zingandiswa. Kuze kube yimanje, imisebenzi ehlukahlukene kwizwekazi. Ngokwesibonelo, kukhuphuke izinqolobane ezilinganisiwe kwenzeka ukuthi amanani entengo aphezulu kuphoqelela ukucinga amasimu amasha uwoyela, ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe ezintsha, ukwandisa share kabusha. Kwezinye izimo, ukusetshenziswa zingancishiswa, owethulwa kabusha kwemithombo yemvelo-non-ivuselelwe. Lesi sakamuva, ngokukhethekile, ikhuthaza nokuvikelwa kwemvelo ngenkuthalo khulumela.

Abameleli beNdikimba "green" biza Emazweni asethuthukile kwezezimboni kushintsha kusuka imithombo alahlwayo, ukudala esiningi imfucuza, ukuze okunengqondo ngokwengeziwe. indlela enjalo kungadinga, ngaphezu kabusha kabusha ukwethulwa impahla eluhlaza ekukhiqizeni, ngokuletha amathuluzi kwezomnotho, ezithile izenzo umphakathi nohulumeni, izinguquko endleleni abaphila nokuziphatha kwabantu emhlabeni wonkana.

energetics

Njengoba eziyinhloko ukuthi kutholakale izinga ukusetshenziswa yimuphi umthombo wamandla, yilezi:

1. izinqolobane elilinganisiwe.
2. Net okukhipha ewusizo.
3. umthelela olunamandla omubi kwezemvelo.
4. Izindleko.
5. imiphumela Komphakathi kanye nomthelela ekuphepheni komphakathi.

izinsiza Okwamanje, iningi ngenkuthalo misela amandla elandelayo non-ivuselelwe:

1. Oil.
2. Yamalahle.
3. Negesi.

uwoyela

Ingasetshenziselwa ngefomu eluhlaza. Kulula ukuthutha. Uwoyela ongahluziwe ubhekwa kancane futhi ngempela owande uphethiloli. It is zihlukaniswa nenani elikhulu amandla ewusizo kukhiqizwa. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, lamanje sikawoyela kungenzeka ukhathele ingakapheli iminyaka 40-80. Phakathi omlilo izinto ezasetshenziselwa is adedelwa emkhathini owawudinga CO _2. Igcwele emhlabeni wonke kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni. "Heavy" uwoyela (ezisalayo evamile), kanye impahla eluhlaza, ekhishwe Sands uwoyela lamafutha oluthambile, kungase kwandise esitokisini ekhona. Nokho, lezi zinto eqolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, la mafutha "ezisinda" kangaka has a ongaphakeme net amandla okukhipha, inomphumela omubi okwengeziwe imvelo. Ukuze kusebenzeke yayo ifuna imali ethé xaxa omkhulu wamanzi.

igesi

Inikeza ukushisa kunezinye izinhlobo zikaphethiloli. Igesi yemvelo ubhekwa isisetshenziswa ayibizi kakhulu. It libhekene nenani elikhulu net amandla okukhipha. Nokho, angase igesi izinqolobane isiphelile ingakapheli iminyaka 40-100. Ngo inqubo amandla omlilo, kanye namafutha, CO ₂ kwakhiwa.

amalahle

Lokhu uhlobo isisetshenziswa ubhekwa ezivamile. Yamalahle has a Inkomba eliphezulu ewusizo amandla okukhipha phakathi nesizukulwane ephezulu lokushisa ukushisa kanye nogesi. Lokhu kwaziswa oluphakeme ezishibhile. Nokho, wenza umonakalo omkhulu uhlobo. Okokuqala, kuyingozi, futhi, kwadingeka ukukhiqizwa yayo. Okwesibili, lapho amandla omlilo of the CO ₂ nayo zikhululwe uma kungekho idivayisi ekhethekile ukulawula ukungcola.

geothermal amandla

It is ukuguqulelwa umusi komhlaba ezomile futhi okungezona evuselelekayo, amanzi ashisayo ezingxenyeni ezahlukene Earth. ezifakwa ezinjalo elingajulile, lingathuthukiswa. Ukushisa okuholela isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amandla futhi isikhala bafudumale. ezifakwa Abangane abanjalo bangakwenza ungabe izindlela zokuziphilisa izindawo ezizungezile iminyaka 100-200. amandla ihambise imishini usebenzisa akusho ikhiphe i-carbon dioxide, kodwa ukukhiqizwa yayo kunzima kakhulu futhi kunomthelela omubi kwezemvelo.

ziwumthombo othembisayo

Bakholelwa ukusabela ukuqoqwa kwemibhalo. Inzuzo enkulu kulo mthombo ukuntuleka isikhutha nezinye izinto ezingadingeki compounds eziyingozi phakathi ukusetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi ukusebenza yokungcola ophendulayo ngamanzi nomhlabathi luphakathi imingcele eyamukelekayo, uma umjikelezo yokusebenza iqhubeke ngaphandle kwezihibe. Phakathi nemibi zenuzi amandla ochwepheshe bathi zibiza kakhulu inkonzo, ingozi eliphezulu wezingozi, mancane amathuba okuba ewusizo amandla okukhipha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, it is hhayi yakhelwe isitoreji ephephile imfucumfucu enemisebe. Lezi kwamaphutha kubangele nokudlanga eliphansi imithombo amandla enuzi namuhla.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza-non-ivuselelwe: izinkinga

inkinga Okwamanje okukhulu Ukuwohloka imithombo ekhona. izidingo zabantu esikhula ngokushesha. Lokhu kwandisa umfutho ukuthuthukiswa ensimini. Nokho, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, abaningi amachibi ezimbiwa phansi ekhona namuhla sekungaphezu yokukhathala. Kule ndaba, kukhona ukucinga asebenzayo amasimu amasha uwoyela, ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe ezintsha. Enye yezindawo ukhiye emkhakheni ukuphathwa kwanoma yiphi athuthukile izwe esivuna ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo zemvelo yamandla izinto zokusetshenziswa.

Isimo emhlabeni namuhla akakabi esiyinhlekelele, kodwa akusho ukuthi isintu akufanele bathathe noma yimuphi izinyathelo. Kuwo wonke amazwe eziphambili has uMnyango ayo Natural Resources. Lokhu umzimba ubelokhu esebenza ukuze ulawule ukukhiqiza eluhlaza impahla kanye nokusatshalaliswa, futhi abathengi amandla. Kungakapheli State ethile usungula ezithile izinkambiso, imithetho, izinqubo, izintengo izinto walulama. UMnyango Natural Resources enquma ezintweni eziphathelene nemisebenzi nokuvikeleka izimayini nokucubungula amabhizinisi. Ukuze uthuthukise isimo e izinhlelo ezikhethekile esizayo. Ngo nohlaka yabo ke sihlinzekela ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo izinto zokusetshenziswa yemvelo kanye imithombo yamandla. Futhi ziphakamisa Ukwehla umthamo production, ngcono ubuchwepheshe, izinto yesibili ukucubungula.