Population Tver: Dynamics, uhlanga, umsebenzi

Tver - idolobha Russian emfuleni iVolga, maphakathi esifundazweni homonymous. Kuyinto amakhilomitha kusuka eMoscow 178 kuphela. Yomphakathi Tver esifundeni abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1,3. Umuzi kuyinto zezimboni, ezamasiko kanye kwesayensi isikhungo kanye zokuthutha ihabhu ezibalulekile.

Population Dynamics Tver

Idolobhana yasungulwa ngekhulu le-12. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala Tver njengoba izikebhe ukuhweba isiphetho eMfuleni iVolga esukela emuva ngonyaka 1164. Ekuqaleni idolobha kwakungelakhe Novgorod, bese - kuya uVladimir-Suzdal ubukhulu. Emakhulwini eminyaka 14-15 Tver kwaba ukuhweba ezinkulu, izikebhe isikhungo yamasiko North-Eastern Russia. Ngo 1485 wangena State eMoscow. Ngo-1627-m elinabantu abangaba eyodwa futhi abantu abayinkulungwane nengxenye.

I zezimbali emzaneni waqala leholele emendweni eMoscow - Petersburg. Ngo 1787, inani labantu Tver kwaba kakade abantu 15.100. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka engamakhulu ezayo, inani lezakhamuzi liye landa izikhathi eziyisihlanu. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, inani labantu Tver ifinyelele abantu abayizinkulungwane 54. Idolobhana balahlekelwa eside phakathi wokuQala nowesiBili Umhlaba Izimpi. Ngo-1950, inani labantu laliphakathi izinkulungwane zabantu 194,3. Esikhathini esilandelayo, ke liye laphindeka kabili kule '23.

Ngesikhathi ngokuwa eU.SSR labantu Tver lidlule abantu abayizinkulungwane 450. Njengoba uzibuse, Russian Federation, leli nani kakhulu kwehle. Ngo-2000, idolobha kwadingeka abantu 455.000, futhi ngo-2003 - 408900. kuphela eminyakeni emihlanu edlule kuye kwaba khona mkhuba omuhle ukwanda labantu Tver. Ngo-2011, idolobha kwadingeka abantu 404.000, ngo-2016 - 416.

emininingwaneni yabantu Key

Inani labantu base-edolobheni ubuswa abesifazane. Ingxenye amadoda e lonke inani abakhileyo Tver - 44,3%. Mayelana 15% labantu ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-ukusebenza, 25% - omdala kunawe kuye. Ngakho, ingxenye enkulu yomphakathi umnotho asebenzayo.

Ngokokuqala ngqá ophikweni olunamandla zokuphatha-indawo yedolobha sivunyiwe ngo-1936. Izinguquko ezenziwe ke ngo-1965, bese - ngo-1976. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, Tver lahlukaniswa laba izifunda ezine. Ingabe Zavolozhsky ugcwale kakhulu. Kuyinto inabantu 144000. Ibe isilandelwa kule inkomba, esifundeni eMoscow. Lihlala abantu 123.000. Esigabeni sesitsatfu - lena yesigaba sabasebenzi, kwi lesine - Central. Ngaphakathi Tver uqokomisa izifunda mlando. Abaningi babo zaziyizindawo ezimele phambi wangena emzini.

Inani elikhulu intsha ivame ukuba aphume edolobheni enhlokodolobha. Lokhu buthakathaka ezingaba lokubala ubuningi babantu ka Tver. Okwenza isimo sibe sibi ngenxa yokuthi ngokuvamile ukushiya onamakhono kunabo. Nokho, muva nje, ngaqala outflow kulinganiswe ababaleki ngubani ubuyise labantu futhi Tver esifundeni. Basuke ubuswa Ukraine, Tajiks, Azerbaijanis, Uzbeks, Armenia baseMoldova. Njalo bhalisiwe e Tver nezihambi eziqhamuka ngakuzo Iran, Syria naseNdiya.

ukwakheka yobuhlanga

I Zonke-Russia labantu yokubala abantu, okuyinto lwenziwe ngo-2010, yabonisa ukuthi iningi abakhileyo Tver bazibheke Russian. Babalelwa ku-5000 abantu base-Ukraine. Kwethulwa kanye nezinye izizwe. Phakathi kwabo Armenia, Azerbaijanis, Belarusians, AmaTatar, Karelians, Uzbeks, Tajiks. Encane kuyinto iphesenti Isi-Chuvash, amaJuda, amaJalimane, Mordovians, Georgians, Bashkirs, Kazakhs nabanye. Ngo Tver, kukhona uhlanga lwamakhosi Azerbaijani futhi Armenia.

umsebenzi

Ngo Tver, angisebenzi abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya ku-72 ubudala ngo-2016 zaba abantu 689 000. Employment izinga phakathi kwazo 66%. Le nkomba kwehle ngo-1% kule minyaka emihlanu edlule. Tver Izinga labangasebenzi kuyinto 6%. Abantu abaningi etitolo kanye okudayisa, ukukhanda izimoto. Kulesi wemboni ngo-2015-ke baqashwe 103.500 abahlali. Baningi impela labantu embonini yokukhiqiza. Kule ndawo ngo-2015, abantu 98.600 wasebenza. Endaweni yesithathu ku inani baqashwe - ezolimo namahlathi. Izakhamuzi 59.000 ukusebenza kule mboni.

Cishe inani elifanayo labantu abasebenza emasimini ezifana ukwakhiwa, ezokuthutha nezokuxhumana, ukuphepha komphakathi, imfundo, ezempilo. Kunabo bonke abantu abasebenzayo eqashwe emisebenzini yasendlini noma beyodoba. Kule minyaka emihlanu edlule, isabelo abasebenzi liye landa ezindaweni ezifana nokwakhiwa, uhwebo lwezitolo kanye zokuthengisa, ihotela futhi yokudlela ibhizinisi, ingcebo ibhizinisi. Ngakho, lo mkhuba global uyalandelwa. Inani labantu abasebenza kwezolimo nezimboni kuyehla, kanti inkonzo wemboni - ukhula.