Umphakathi we esifundeni sase-Irkutsk: inombolo kanye nokusungulwa yobuhlanga

onqenqemeni Pribaikalskiy - inhliziyo ingxenye laseSiberia izwe. Kuyinto ecebile namasiko alo, ayoliswe sengqondo ezahlukene futhi ezihlukahlukene zokuphila.

Kodwa bangaki abantu esifundeni sase-Irkutsk? Futhi ukuthi abantu besenkolweni?

Esifundeni sase-Irkutsk: idatha ambalwa

Esifundeni sase-Irkutsk - isihloko Russia, etholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yesifundazwe eSiberia Federal District.

Esifundeni sase-Irkutsk ihlanganisa indawo ka 767.900 km ^2, okuyinto usibeka endaweni 5th phakathi kwazo zonke izifunda Russian. Amaphesenti isihloko laseSiberia ithatha 4.6% kwendawo Imininingwane yezwe.

kwakhiwa esifundeni sase-Irkutsk is by:

• izifunda 32;
• 10 izifunda ezisemadolobheni;
• 63 ezigudle emadolobheni;
• 362 izindawo zasemaphandleni;
• emadolobheni 22.

On the indawo yesifunda is ehlala abantu 2,408,901 (idatha ye-2017).

Ukuhlukahlukana ngokobuhlanga esifundeni sase-Irkutsk

Ngaphakathi esifundeni sase-Irkutsk owakhiwe zezizwe ezihlukahlukene. Ukungafani Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso kuthuthwa unomphela nendaba zabantu kanjani bezizwe ezihlukahlukene kusukela ezifundeni engumakhelwane, futhi kusukela ezindaweni ezikude. Ngaphezu kwalokho, endaweni ehlala izizwe ezwe elaliyi-USSR.

akuxhomekile National siqukethe izizwe ezilandelayo:

• Russian - 88,5%;
• Ukrainian - 3.4%;
• abantu Buryat - 2.7%;
• AmaTatar - 1.4%.

Sekukonke, cishe 100 yobuhlanga amaqembu ukwakheka up lesifunda uhlanga.

Buryats, bangazihluphi indawo yesithathu kunombolo, abahlala Ust-Orda Buryat wesifunda e. Ngokusho ukubala, inani oluhambisana abantu 80 000.

Katanga endaweni ehlala abantu we Yakuts futhi Evenks. Emkhakheni Eastern Sayan Izintaba, ku Nizhneudinsk wesifunda, ekhaya ukuze Tofs - izizwe abazingeli.

Buryats we esifundeni sase-Irkutsk

Buryats - abomdabu yeSiberia. Yabo ukubukeka ngaphakathi zamanje esifundeni sase-Irkutsk wawubona okwamanje 2500 iminyaka BC. Ubufakazi zalokhu zitholakala Pribaikalskaya ososayensi petroglyphs futhi emanxiweni asendulo Buryat abantu zamaKhosi.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17, lapho kukhona ukuthuthukiswa esebenzayo yeSiberia, kukhona ukuxhumana Russian izizwe Buryats. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokujoyina Buryatia kwenzeka eRussia.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 ensimini eyayihlala izizwe Buryat, esigunyazwe umthetho karate, nabakhileyo bomdabu nezwe kanye nempahla uyasuswa. Kwakungenxa nje lapho kusungulwa uhulumeni wamaSoviet we Buryat abantu bakwazi ukuthola futhi indlela isikhundla yayo yangaphambili.

Ngezinga elithile kwamanani nabakhe emizini

Wesifunda esifundeni iqukethe emadolobheni 22, ezinkulu kunazo zonke lapho aphume ashone Irkutsk, eBratsk futhi kwase-Angarsk.

Inani labantu base-Irkutsk esifundeni lehliselwa kancane. Kodwa labantu inhlokodolobha kancane kancane liphuma. Inombolo ophilayo endaweni inhliziyo - Irkutsk - kuyinto 623 736 abantu.

Inani labantu base-emzini eBratsk, esifundeni sase-Irkutsk kuyinto 231 602 abantu, futhi umuzi olandelayo elikhulu kwase-Angarsk baphile abantu 226.374.

Census ezikhulunywa abantu bakhona ukudlula kwesifunda 2016

Esifundeni sase-Irkutsk sabantu 2016 abantu 2.412.138.

I 2015 babengamaphesenti ngezithuba 2.414.913 izakhamuzi. Labantu izifunda Irkutsk esifundeni namanje ngaphansana imizi. Ukunciphisa inani ehambisana ne Ukuthuthela kwabantu kwezinye izindawo futhi izifunda. Izibalo uphawula ukuthi noma okusezingeni eliphezulu wenzalo amazinga ayikwazanga nxephezela ekulahlekelweni endaweni izakhamuzi.

Nokho, e- esifundeni eSiberia baqhubeka kwatheleka izakhamuzi zamazwe e-CIS.

Umuzi esifundeni sase-Irkutsk

Ukuze uthole indawo amakhulu zihlanganisa: Irkutsk, eBratsk futhi kwase-Angarsk.

Irkutsk kuyinto dolobha iBaikal esifundeni. It is basakaza phezu 277,35 km.

ukhona omuzi aqala ngisho njengoba inqaba, elakhiwa e-1661 ku-osebeni Angara anamandla. Ngaphakathi lokhu stockade ukuzivikela ixazululwe isiphetho, okuyinto wayiswa isimo edolobheni e 1686.

Izakhamizi bakholwe zombili lezi izinsuku ezibalulekile ukuthi bamele esizoqala kuso ukubala khona komuzi. Kule ndaba, ngo-1986 e-Irkutsk labetibambile celebration anikezelwe unyaka wayo 300th, futhi ngo-2011 - ekugubheni sanikezelwa weminyaka engu 350th.

Njengoba abantu abahlala kule ayehlala emzini, ukuqanjwa kwawo wehlukile futhi ihlanganisa izizwe ezahlukene 120. Nsuku zonke abantu uye inkolo yayo, kubonakala eqinisweni lokuthi enhloko-dolobha laseSiberia, ungathola amasonto, amasonto amaSulumane amasonto kanye nezinye izakhiwo zenkolo.

Edolobheni kukhona ukunyuswa lokuzalwa isilinganiso, eyeqa inani lokufa. Kungabi kahle ukuze wazi ukuthi yonke imizi yakwa-Irkutsk eSiberia liphumelele ku ukuzibulala entsheni. Izimbangela ngokuvamile nezimo zokuphila ezingezinhle kanye nokuntuleka amathemba. Kodwa ukwanda kwenani abahlali ehlaselwe kwezivakashi.

Umuzi ine eziningi amanyuvesi, iziqu ngonyaka kusukela yayo izindonga ezinhle Ochwepheshe. Nokho, abafundi izolo azisebenzi amakhono abo ekhaya, njengoba emadolobheni ngaphezulu athuthukile.

EBratsk - umphakeli ugesi lonke esempumalanga esifundeni laseSiberia. EBratsk isitshalo emifula yakhiwa kuleli nekhulu lama-20. Kwaba ukubukeka kwakhe futhi emenza ekusungulweni edolobheni. Usuku ezisemthethweni kwasungulwa le edolobheni laseSiberia kubhekwe ngo-1955, nakuba abanye idatha zomlando ukhuluma ngani idethi ekuqaleni.

In the 50s yekhulu lama-20, lapho kukhona asebenzayo ukwakhiwa nemizana ensimini ka edolobheni esizayo zathuthelekela abameleli abaningi zezizwe ezihlukahlukene ezihlala khona kanye Kwakhiwa esizayo esikude Ukwakheka ngokobuhlanga eBratsk.

Kususelwa iqiniso lokuthi eBratsk - idolobha abasha, iningi labantu bayo imelelwa abasha, abantu enamandla, abakha-64% endaweni ngokuphelele.

Kwase-Angarsk - idolobha lesithathu elikhulu esifundeni sase-Irkutsk. Njengakwezinye izindawo ezisebenza kulengxenye esikuyo yezwekazi, isibalo sabantu abahlala ngaphakathi ukuba liwele minyaka yonke. Isizathu kuyafana - ukushintsha indawo abantu lokuhlala. Kwenqwaba abahlali abantu basendulo, kanye nasebekhulile, njengoba asebenzayo ukusebenza labantu ngaphakathi the bombo of intsha uyazama ngenjongo yokuthola izimo kwase-Angarsk eyamukelekayo.

Izakhamuzi imizi kanye nemizana

Yamadolobha 22 esifundeni, 5 kuphela isibalo izakhamuzi kuncane abantu abangaphezu kuka-100 000. I kwemiphakathi yasemadolobheni kuyinto ogxile intsha enamandla lihamba niye emzini eziqhamuka ezigodini. Futhi phezu abasha komuzi kuthinta indawo enkulu ke izikhungo zemfundo. Ngakho-ke, e-Irkutsk - idolobha umfundi.

Ngaphezu imizi, esifundeni has 66 nemizana ezisemadolobheni kanye nezinye nemizana 1500. Isibalo abakhileyo kukhuphuke ngendlela engokwemvelo, ngenxa okuzala omuhle. Nokho, iningi yokufuduka intsha kusuka izindawo zasemaphandleni yezimo ezisemadolobheni iyehlisa inani labantu.

Employment endaweni izakhamuzi

Izakhamuzi kokubili e-Irkutsk, futhi umsebenzi wakhe emkhakheni emikhakheni eminingi yezimboni. Kulokho izinkampani ukusebenza labantu esifundeni?

1. Inkampani ukwenziwa ifenisha. A esikhulu kwezohwebo ngokuqinile "Atrium" I-13 iminyaka, uzihlanganisa ekukhiqizeni zonke izinhlobo ifenisha, kanye okungukuthi enkulu umphakeli izimpahla kwamanye Russian izifunda.
2. Basefektri "Buka" - ingenye amabhizinisi endala ye-Irkutsk, has khona walo ngo-1930. Kube Kwenziwa nempikiswano yobukhosi amasudi ngoba amadoda kanye nezingane zesikole.
3. Irkutsk ifektri sobumba. Le nkampani iye elikhiphe isakhiwo brick isikhathi eside umise ngokwaso emakethe Russian. Le nkampani iye kabili yaklonyeliswa isihloko esigabeni "Mkhiqizo Kuhle yezwe" umklomelo.
4. Irkutsk Aviation Plant. Umugqa umhlangano uhambe kokubili umgibeli futhi ukulwa futhi ukuqeqeshwa izindiza.
5. Ubucwebe Irkutsk endaweni yokukhanda. Jewellery high - yilokho itholakale ukudayiselwa ezindongeni ibhizinisi.
6. Irkutsk isitshalo ukwenziwa amapayipi zokulithwala amanzi okuphuza, igesi, indle ngoba.
7. Kwase-Angarsk zenkampane.

Lena akuyona uhlu oluphelele izinkampani ezimbonini umsebenzi phakathi Irkutsk, eBratsk futhi kwase-Angarsk. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi ka labantu esifundeni sase-Irkutsk ngokuyinhloko igxile izinkampani ezinkulu endaweni yokukhanda.

izimo zokuphila

Esikhathini sphere kwezomnotho esifundeni sase-Irkutsk ndawo amaningi asethuthukile e-Eastern eSiberia. Kodwa uma iqhathaniswa esifundeni Black Soil, lapha Irkutsk izifunda emuva. Siberians ukulondolozwa isikhundla ukuthi izindleko zikagesi icala kubo lingaphansi kuka kwamanye amadolobha Russian kanye nasezindaweni zasemakhaya.

Uma sicabanga, ngokuvamile, izinga lokuphila kuyinto kancane kuka ezindaweni ezimaphakathi yezwe. Nge ukuphambuka kuya empumalanga kukhona nokwanda okuphawulekayo izintengo izigaba ezahlukene izimpahla, kodwa amaholo bayanda insignificantly. Ngokusho kocwaningo, ngokuvamile umkhaya e-Irkutsk imali iningi liya imikhiqizo ukudla namasevisi ngezidingo, nanoma iziphi ezinye izindleko imali encane.

Ngamagama kwemvelo, isimo esifundeni laseSiberia uhlala eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi okungekuhle kakhulu. Isimo izinkinga kwekhabhoni esikhulu izakhi elimazayo emoyeni izingqimba nge zamakhemikhali, aluminium, uginindela nezinye izitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo emvelweni ezithinta njalo ihlathi imililo nokuqedwa ehlathini endaweni enkulu.

Ngokuvamile, ukuphila izakhamuzi esifundeni sase-Irkutsk akuyona okuningi ezahlukene ezivela empilweni abakhileyo ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi Russia. Ngisho ukwehluka lobuhlanga akuphazamisi isiko kanye nokuphila Siberians kweqiniso.