Autoclaved ukhonkolo evundile: ukukhiqizwa, kwenkululeko isicelo, ikakhulukazi impahla

Lolu hlobo ukhonkolo ukungena nakwamanye amazwe isikhathi eside uku uhlu zokwakha kuqala. Ngakho-ke, ukuthi ukwenza ngaphandle kokuhlela yokukhiqiza izimboni eziningi kanye nezinkampani. With ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe zingatholakala autoclaved ukhonkolo evundile Zihlukahlukene ngesimo, amasayizi kanye nemibala.

Autoclaved ukhonkolo evundile siqukethe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• usimende;
• isihlabathi asebenza ngebhethri;
• ejenti ukushaywa.

isakhiwo

Iyisonto Pore usayizi kuze kube amamilimitha angu ezintathu. Kuthathwa uhlobo ukhonkolo yeselula. Inani ku mix ukhonkolo - ijezi isisekelo, yamathebhu namanzi. ukhonkolo evundile kungenziwa labizwa ngohlobo isibopho e base, kungaba:

• usimende;
• lime;
• slag;
• gazogips.

nokudlanga omkhulu autoclaved ukhonkolo evundile esekelwe usimende ngomcako.

Ukuze kuzuzwe isakhiwo ukungena nakwamanye amazwe ngokhonkolo kudala ukusabela zamakhemikhali, lapho igesi ikhishwe. Ukwakha inqubo enjalo Usebenzisa powder aluminiyamu noma unamathisele. Uma ufuna ukunikeza anezakhi ezikhethekile impahla, izinto ezengeziwe busuka ngezithako zawo.

izinqubo yokukhiqiza

Thola autoclaved ukhonkolo evundile kungaba ngale ndlela: kunalokho mncane ingxube ukhonkolo is batheleka isikhunta ekhethekile umthamo nengxenye. Nokho, umthwalo ukushayisana izenzo kuso. Ngakho kukhona ukukhethwa ukushisa yi slaking. I lokushisa autoclave luyanda degrees 80.

Ngemva kwalokho ukusabela lime aluminium, lapho umoya-mpilo savela. Ngenxa lolu ngqimba ukhonkolo antante onqenqemeni efomini. Ingcindezi njengoba inyuka lokushisa. Ngaphansi kwethonya lezi Uqinisa eziguquguqukayo usimende, ezimbotsheni kanjalo bahlale, futhi ube phakathi kwabo emoyeni esikhundleni hydrogen. kwakhiwa Ngakho is futhi isakhiwo ukhonkolo, lapho pores hlala ku-80 amaphesenti ivolumu. Kuthinte porosity amaphesenti ngokushintsha inani aluminium powder.

Ngemva kwamahora amabili eqina mass asuswe autoclave akhiqize ukusika izingxenye usayizi oyifunayo. Khona-ke amabhlogo siphelile ithunyelwa emuva autoclave, lapho kuyoba ukuqina umnyuziki kuphela ngemuva kwamahora angu-12. Lapho lesi simo lokushisa kufanele kube hhayi ngaphansana 190 degrees ngesikhathi ingcindezi 1.2 MPA.

Ngokuvamile, inani usimende ukhonkolo akuyona engaphezu kwengu-20%, futhi ngokuvamile zisebenzisa Portland usimende. I ezinkudlwana volume autoclave ukhonkolo evundile siqukethe asebenza ngebhethri isihlabathi (cishe 60%). Lime kanye usimende, hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-20%. Okuqukethwe aluminiyamu kungase kube kuncane kunokwabanye ngephesenti elilodwa.

Abakhi AAC amabhizinisi abo kuzuzwe lelo ingcindezi kanye lokushisa uphiko Yenziwe mineral ekhethekile - tobermorite. Kuyinto ngenxa yalesi material kumiswa has amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi ayikho ngaphansi ukuncipha. Esinye isici esibalulekile izimo yokufakelwa wukuthi isikhathi ukukhiqizwa kuyehla, okuvumela ukukhiqiza amaqoqwana ezinkulu.

umjikelezo zokukhiqiza

Ukunemba isakhiwo yenqubo ukukhiqizwa incike yiluphi uhlobo ukhonkolo yeselula senziwa. izinqubo ezivamile yilezi:

• ukulungiswa inani elidingekayo izingxenye;
• ukulungiselela ingxube nekungeniswa bayifaka gasifier;
• bathele isikhunta;
• ukususwa ingxube ngokweqile;
• ubambe isikhathi.

Ubukhulu

Njenganoma iyiphi ngeziningi zezinto zokwakha, ukhonkolo has Standardization. Usayizi amabhlogo ezinjalo eziningi izitini ngaphezulu. Zonke elihlobene ne mass ezincane. Emabhuloki ekwakha tintfo letitsite kufanele Ubukhulu:

• obuphelele - 625 mm;
• ububanzi ezisukela 100 kuya 400 mm;
• ukuphakama - 200 kuya ku-250 mm.

Ngokwemvelo, amasayizi anda kungaba lula futhi ukusheshisa isivinini sabo ukufakwa. Kancane isisindo sabo ayinikezi njengenhlangano isithiyo handling manual.

Ukukhiqizwa AAC has a inzuzo enkulu futhi kuwuhlobo amabhlogo. Sinenkosi ukuma ekahle, emagumbini kanye imiphetho flat futhi bushelelezi. Block osayizi, ngisho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, musa ukushintsha. Ngisho emabhuloki lehlukene amaqembu ezepolitiki e isilinganiso sabo -Kunemaphutsa ekusebentiseni - mm 1.5 kuphela. Ukuze amabhlogo we isigaba aphansi, lokhu ipharamitha kungenzeka 3 mm, kodwa nje uma eqhathaniswa naso sonke ukubonisa iyunithi azinakwa.

izakhiwo

Autoclaved ukhonkolo evundile has a isisindo ongaphakeme ngevolumu ephezulu - yinkulumo ebaluleke kakhulu omuhle ukwaziswa okunjalo. amandla adonsela phansi yayo eqondile akuyona ezingaphezu kuka-700 kg / m³. Futhi, ngenxa indlela ukukhiqizwa autoclave amandla compressive inyuka kakhulu - kufike ku-50 kg / cm².

Uma ushintsha porosity ngokhonkolo, kungaholela ushintsho conductivity ezishisayo kanye namandla. Lapho okwandisa amandla ayo kuyehla, kodwa kukhulisa izakhiwo nangokuvikela. Ukwehla lokhu inkomba kuholela nomphumela ohlukile.

porosity ushintsho imiphumela yokuthi ukhonkolo yizigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. zifudumele. lesi sigaba density ezibonakalayo 400 kg / m³. Ngemva kokuphothula umsebenzi wakhe - ezindaweni sezulu esibandayo, kodwa ukwakhiwa yalo kwakhiwe ongaphakeme.
2. Wezakhiwo. Lokhu evundile has kwabantu esiphezulu - 700 kg / m³. Sebenzisa kungenzeka ukwakha izakhiwo ephezulu liphumele noma izakhiwo ebizwa izakhiwo. Uma kusetshenziswe izakhiwo zokuhlala kubalulekile ukuze zimboze isendlalelo ukwahlukanisa.
3. ukwahlukanisa Constructional futhi ezishisayo. Lokhu evundile nge kusho kwabantu (500 kg / m³) sisetshenziswa kabanzi, ngoba amandla okuhle futhi okwanele ukushisa ukwahlukanisa.

Umehluko ekukhiqizeni

Imodi ukukhiqizwa ukhonkolo evundile ezimbili: i autoclave, futhi ngaphandle kwalo. Kukhona ukhonkolo-non-autoclaved evundile futhi autoclaved. Wazi kanjani umehluko?

Zombili lezi zinhlobo zezindlu ube ukukhiqizwa efanayo isakhiwo - by yahlukanisa igesi by ukusabela zamakhemikhali. Kodwa lokhu isikimu bahluke. Indlela emabhuloki lukhuni, enika umehluko ku izindawo ngokhonkolo yeselula.

Non-autoclaved ukhonkolo evundile ukubunjwa yayo has a ingxenye enkulu Portland usimende. Ingxube wavunyelwa ukuba ome ngendlela engokwemvelo, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa Ohhavini ekhethekile - autoclave. Lolu hlobo ukhonkolo yeselula has izindleko ubuncane production. Kodwa izakhiwo zalo, kungcono kakhulu ukubuyeka phansi kunabaphostoli ukhonkolo evundile, etholwe esithandweni somlilo.

Khiqiza inqwaba zalamaqembu.I isitshalo enkulu can kuphela autoclaved ukhonkolo evundile, kuyilapho amabhlogo Foam zingaba ngisho inkampani encane.

izinzuzo

kungapheli kwato ntathu ivumela laying amabhlogo ngekhambi nge ukushuba okungenani (3 mm). Lokhu inzuzo inika ngezinga eliphezulu of ukuvikelwa kusukela lokushisa kwangaphandle. Njengoba wokwakha nosimende has a degree engezansi ukushisa ukwahlukanisa, kuzobalwa kuphela kube ubala plus. Ngenxa yokuthi emaphethelweni namakhona ukubukeka abushelelezi wokwakha kuyoba zasebukhosini.

Enye inzuzo kungenzeka nokuhambisana kunoma amathuluzi ukwakhiwa. Blocks AAC can planing, ukuzisika, ukubhola kanye emile ohlakeni lokweluka. It kungenziwa screwed kalula screw noma hammer isipikili.

Ukwakha indlu le nto

Ukuze umuntu kuphela bazokwakha indlu, nenqubo esiyinhloko ukukhethwa izinto ayokhonza njengamakhosi ukwethembeka kwakho, ukuba ukuqina, ukuhambisana emvelweni nenduduzo. Ezimweni kwezinkinga zezomnotho olungasho okuthile nekghono zindlela. Zonke izici ezingenhla kumelwe ilingane material ezifana autoclaved ukhonkolo evundile.

Leli tshe yokufakelwa, kodwa yenziwe ngezithako zemvelo. I microclimate yendlu kuyafana endlini ezenziwe ngokhuni. Zonke ngenxa yokuthi isakhiwo amabhlogo ukungena nakwamanye amazwe, lokhu kuvumela ukwakhiwa "ukuphefumula."

Yize isakhiwo ukungena nakwamanye amazwe, hygroscopic (umswakama ukumuncwa) ungaphakathi uhla evamile. iphesenti layo akuyona ezingaphezu kuka-5%. Uma siqhathanisa lokhu sibalo nabanye ukhuni hygroscopic, kuyoba amaphesenti izikhathi eziningana ephakeme. Shisisa indlu ngokhonkolo evundile kulula kunalokho of isitini. Lokhu kuyokwenza ugcine kakhulu amandla.

I ukujiya odongeni we ukhonkolo evundile kuyinto block eyodwa kuphela, lokhu kuyoba okwanele for ukwahlukanisa. Nakuba i-isitini ozikhethela isendlalelo. Ngakho-ke, izindleko odongeni enjalo kungaba omncane.

Umswakama ababhemayo ngokhonkolo evundile ayikwazi kuholele kumiswa isikhunta noma isikhunta. Ngo zindlu ayifakiwe elibi futhi noqhekeko inqubo. ubuchwepheshe ezintsha ukuvumele ukunciphisa ukushuba odongeni, ngaphandle ekunciphiseni amandla abo. Ukuze ube namuzi autoclaved ukhonkolo evundile kuyazuzisa ngoba umzamo okungenani. Ukuze umelane inhlangano odongeni can ngisho lutho.

ukuphepha Fire

Enye inzuzo yokuhamba kwesikebhe impahla zingakhiqiza ukuphepha komlilo yayo ngokuphelele. Izindonga zakhiwe autoclaved ukhonkolo evundile is hhayi ukufuthelana ngisho lapho zihlatshwa i ilangabi evulekile. Njengoba ayikwazi evutha, hhayi izinto eziyingozi ungakwazi ukwaba. Ukwakhiwa kwendlu enjalo zizokwenziwa ngokuya ephansi kakhulu kunalezo okungatholakala wachitha kwezinye izinhlobo izinto.

emakhiyubhi amabhlogo

Yenza ukufakwa udonga evundile zikasimende kungenziwa ukufuthelana noma usebenzisa esigqulweni usimende-isihlabathi, kodwa enhle kuyinto ingcina ekhethekile. Ungasebenzisa i-ungqimba elincanyana ezizoqeda amabhuloho abandayo. Umugqa wokuqala amabhlogo ukuba embondelene kahle okulungiselelwe endaweni evundlile. Ukugxilisa wokwakha umkhiqizo okunjalo ngaphansi okusalungiswa. Umugqa wokuqala emabhuloki bese iwindi aphansi kanye evele asekelayo ukuqinisa webs kudingeke.

Ukuhlobisa izindonga

Kahle eyenziwe evundile odongeni ukhonkolo akudingi kokuqeda usimende. Ebusweni elingaphandle akukhona ngempela ukuqedela, kodwa ukunikeza eyigeza enze kube nokwenzeka. Lapho amabhlogo ezimbi sezulu zikwazi ukuthamela futhi zimunce umswakama, kodwa akukho amasentimitha angaphezu kwamabili. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kudingeka kahle ukwenza iplamu uphahla canopies, nokuqinisekisa cap Ukuvikelwa.

Uma ukhetha sekugcineni Ingaphandle Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kumelwe futhi permeable njengoba ukhonkolo evundile. Kamnandi sizobukeka sisihle bewumsebenzi umoya olungaphambili lwesonto kusuka kunoma iyiphi izinto ezazikhona. Ungasebenzisa, isibonelo, autoclave ukhonkolo evundile, real abasebenzisi zazo kuphela omuhle. Amalungu aveze ukuthi ungakwazi ukuqedela konke ngaphandle pre-ekwelapheni Izindonga zangaphakathi.

Finishing izindawo ukukhiqiza kungaba ngokuqondile amabhlogo. Oku-usimende izindonga kungukuthi ngempela, kulapho-ke kuyoba ofakwe ngokwanele elula. Ezindaweni nge umswakama high kumele kukhiqize isithiyo ububi ngentukuthelo.